Abstract:
:Significant motivations and incentives exist for young-adult students to seek a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). With ADHD information readily accessible on the Internet, today's students are likely to be symptom educated prior to evaluation. This may result in false-positive diagnoses, particularly when students are motivated to convey symptoms. We evaluated the utility of ADHD symptom checklists, neurocognitive tests, and measures initially developed to detect feigned neurocognitive or psychiatric dysfunction (symptom validity tests [SVTs]). The performance of 31 undergraduates financially motivated and coached about ADHD via Internet-derived information was compared to that of 29 ADHD undergraduates following medication washout and 14 students not endorsing symptomatology. Results indicated malingerers readily produced ADHD-consistent profiles. Symptom checklists, including the ADHD Rating Scale and Conners's Adult ADHD Rating Scale-Self-Rating Form: Long, were particularly susceptible to faking. Conners's Continuous Performance Test-II findings appeared more related to motivation than condition. Promising results were seen with all cognitive SVTs (Test of Memory Malingering [TOMM], Digit Memory Test, Letter Memory Test, and Nonverbal-Medical Symptom Validity Test), particularly TOMM Trial 1 when scored using Trial 2 criteria. All SVTs demonstrated very high specificity for the ADHD condition and moderate sensitivity to faking, which translated into high positive predictive values at rising base rates of feigning. Combining 2 or more failures resulted in only modest declines in sensitivity but robust specificity. Results point to the need for a thorough evaluation of history, cognitive and emotional functioning, and the consideration of exaggerated symptomatology in the diagnosis of ADHD.
journal_name
Psychol Assessjournal_title
Psychological assessmentauthors
Sollman MJ,Ranseen JD,Berry DTdoi
10.1037/a0018857subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-06-01 00:00:00pages
325-35issue
2eissn
1040-3590issn
1939-134Xpii
2010-10892-013journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract::How people interpret a mental disorder symptom has been shown to depend on the contextual life factors surrounding its presentation. Specifically, people are more likely to judge a symptom as clinically relevant if that symptom presents in a high-risk environment (e.g., child associates with deviant peers) relative to...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000173
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI; Glover, Miller, Lynam, Crego, & Widiger, 2012) is a 148-item self-report inventory of 15 traits designed to assess the basic elements of narcissism from the perspective of a 5-factor model. The FFNI assesses both vulnerable (i.e., cynicism/distrust, need for admiration, reac...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000100
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II) is a self-report measure designed to assess experiential avoidance as conceptualized in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). The current study is the first to evaluate the psychometric properties of the AAQ-II in a large sample of adults (N = 376) with mild to mo...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0028200
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An item response theory (IRT) approach to test linking based on summed scores is presented and demonstrated by calibrating a modified 23-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) to the standard 20-item CES-D. Data are from the Depression Patient Outcomes Research Team, II, which us...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//1040-3590.12.3.354
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 6 nonoverlapping primary scales of the Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms (SIRS) were subjected to taxometric analysis in a group of 1,211 criminal and civil examinees in order to investigate the latent structure of feigned psychopathology. Both taxometric procedures used in this study, mean above minus bel...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/1040-3590.20.3.238
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proposed for the 11th edition of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) is a dimensional trait model for the classification of personality disorder (Tyrer, Reed, & Crawford, 2015). The ICD-11 proposal consists of 5 broad domains: negative affective, detachment, dissocial, dis...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000459
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alexithymia is a multifaceted personality construct that reflects deficits in affect awareness (difficulty identifying feelings, DIF; difficulty describing feelings, DDF) and operative thinking (externally oriented thinking, EOT; restricted imaginal processes, IMP), and is associated with several common psychiatric di...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000169
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research on adults indicates that perfectionistic self-presentation, the interpersonal expression of one's perfection, is associated with a variety of psychopathological outcomes independent of trait perfectionism and Big Five traits. The current article reports on the development and evidence for the validity of the ...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0021147
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurocognitive impairment and negative symptoms contribute to functional disability in people with schizophrenia. Yet, a high level of unexplained variability remains after accounting for the role of these factors. This study examined the role of thought disorder, psychological complexity, and interpersonal representa...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0030546
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have concluded that scores from Hare's (2003) Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) predict reoffense among sexual offenders, but most of those studies examined the predictive validity of scores from trained research staff, not clinicians in the field scoring the measure as part of actual forensic asse...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0026015
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the United States, Black and White individuals show discrepant rates of diagnosis of bipolar disorder versus schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder, as well as disparate access to and utilization of treatment for these disorders (e.g., Alegria, Chatterji, et al., 2008; Chrishon, Anderson, Arora, & Bailey...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000020
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Supplementary methods for the analysis of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (Delis, Kaplan, & Kramer, 2001) are made available, including (a) quantifying the number of abnormally low achievement scores exhibited by an individual and accompanying this with an estimate of the percentage of the normative populat...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0023712
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is used as a distinct diagnosis in clinical practice, its symptoms were characterized as a dimensional structure in several taxometric analyses. However, a categorical latent structure of PTSD could be superimposed by using indistinct PTSD symptoms that can appear within t...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000287
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is commonly accepted that gathering information via multiple assessment methods (e.g., interview and questionnaire, self- and informant report) is important for establishing construct validity. Although numerous articles report convergent and discriminant agreement correlations between self- and other ratings of pe...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000696
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Test-taking behaviors (i.e., task focus, maintenance of attention, and cooperation) affect children's cognitive test performance, and, thus, it is critical to take test-taking behavior into account when drawing conclusions and making recommendations. Prior studies have evaluated test-taking behaviors at the end of the...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0021291
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flexibility in self-regulatory behaviors has proved to be an important quality for adjusting to stressful life events and requires individuals to have a diverse repertoire of emotion regulation abilities. However, the most commonly used emotion regulation questionnaires assess frequency of behavior rather than ability...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000231
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical investigations of individuals with chronic stage traumatic brain injury (TBI) showing mild-to-moderate levels of residual impairment largely use standardized neuropsychological assessments to measure executive functioning. The Hayling Sentence Completion Test (HSCT) relies upon several executive functions but...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000510
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emotion invalidation is theoretically and empirically associated with mental and physical health problems. However, existing measures of invalidation focus on past (e.g., childhood) invalidation and/or do not specifically emphasize invalidation of emotion. In this article, the authors articulate a clarified operationa...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000584
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to develop and validate manic and depressive scales carved from the full-length General Behavior Inventory (GBI). The brief version was designed to be applicable for youths and adults and to improve separation between mania and depression dimensions. Data came from 9 studies (2 youth clinical...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0033975
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reduced specificity of autobiographical memories is a hallmark of depressive cognition. Autobiographical memory (AM) specificity is typically measured by the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT), in which respondents are asked to describe personal memories in response to emotional cue words. Due to this free descriptive...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000472
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health disorders experienced by children and are associated with significant negative outcomes. Only a minority of affected children, however, access professional help, and a failure to identify children with anxiety disorders presents a key barrier to treatment ac...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000570
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information on the psychometric properties of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) in acquired brain injury (ABI) is currently unavailable. Therefore, we investigated the construct and discriminant, convergent, and divergent validity of the CISS in a Dutch adult sample with newly ABI (N = 139). Patient...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0036275
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the validity of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) typology for pregnant drug-dependent women. A 3-cluster solution based on 7 MMPI-2 clinical scales emerged as the best model and was replicated across split-half samples and different primary substance-use diagnoses and t...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//1040-3590.13.3.336
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are serious gaps in knowledge with respect to the use of standardized assessment instruments such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III; D. Wechsler, 1997) or the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2; J. N. Butcher, W. G. Dahlstrom, J. R. Graham, A. Tellegen, & B. Kaem...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//1040-3590.12.3.272
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The collection of articles in this special section provides a much-needed examination of the state of psychological assessment in various Asian countries or societies. In particular, the contributors review and critique assessment of personality, depression and anxiety, children and adolescents, and neuropsychological...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/1040-3590.15.3.306
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The multidimensional forced-choice (MFC) format has been proposed as an alternative to rating scales (RS) that may be less susceptible to response biases. The goal of this study was to compare the validity of trait estimates from the MFC and the RS format when using normative scoring for both formats. We focused on co...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000781
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the English and Spanish versions of the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) with mothers of 12- to 15-month-old infants with elevated levels of behavior problems and from predominately Hispanic, low-income backgrounds. Mothers of 58 in...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/pas0000257
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efforts to measure religion have intensified, and many specific dimensions have been identified. However, although belief is a core dimension of all world religions, little attention has been given to assessment of religious beliefs. In particular, 1 essential set of religious beliefs, those concerning the reasons for...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0027399
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Confirmatory factor analysis was used to model a multitrait-multisource design to evaluate the construct validity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) rating scales. The 2 trait factors were the ADHD inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity dimensions. The 2 source factors were parents and teachers. In ...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/1040-3590.15.1.3
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The State-Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA; M. J. Ree, C. MacLeod, D. French, & V. Locke, 2000) was designed to assess cognitive and somatic symptoms of anxiety as they pertain to one's mood in the moment (state) and in general (trait). This study extended the previous psychometric findings to...
journal_title:Psychological assessment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/1040-3590.19.4.369
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00