Abstract:
:Despite its increasing incidence over the last 30 years, the mortality rate of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has decreased significantly. Nevertheless, a minority of patients still present with an aggressive form of PTC that can lead to death, even after a prolonged period of survival. Many classifications exist that allow one to stratify the clinical risk of recurrence and death in patients with PTC; however, the parameters upon which they are established are pathological and molecular and, therefore, are revealed only after surgery. The preoperative identification of these aggressive variants of PTC would allow one to schedule a more aggressive operation (e.g., total thyroidectomy together with central and/or mono- or bi-lateral node dissections) in patients with high-risk PTC. This article reviews the parameters used most commonly to differentiate low-risk PTCs from their more aggressive variants and describes some of the newest molecular therapies for this latter group of tumors.
journal_name
Expert Rev Anticancer Therjournal_title
Expert review of anticancer therapyauthors
Miccoli P,Miccoli M,Antonelli A,Minuto MNdoi
10.1586/era.09.92subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-09-01 00:00:00pages
1261-75issue
9eissn
1473-7140issn
1744-8328journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Estrogens are involved in numerous physiological processes and have crucial roles in certain disease states, such as mammary carcinomas. Estradiol, the most potent endogenous estrogen, is biosynthesized from androgens by the cytochrome P450 enzyme complex called aromatase. Aromatase is found in breast tissue and the i...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.2.2.181
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased cancer risk after renal transplantation is believed to be a consequence of continuous immunosuppression. However, the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) after renal transplantation is controversial and has received limited study. Accumulating evidence suggests that colon and rectal cancers have different charac...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.8.8.1339
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: CDK4/6 inhibitor approval for hormone-responsive breast tumors has significantly changed therapeutic algorithms, with three drugs currently approved. Areas covered: Here, we analyze the toxicity profiles of palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Palbocicli...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737140.2021.1852934
更新日期:2020-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Anemia in cancer patients is frequent but often under-recognized and under-treated. This may be related to misconceptions about the impact of anemia on cancer patients and ill-defined guidelines for treatment, as well as the inadequacies of current therapy. Darbepoetin alfa, a novel erythropoiesis-stimulating protein ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.2.4.377
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Head and neck cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the USA. Although there have been major improvements in surgical and radiation techniques, the overall survival has not changed significantly in the last decade. The major changes occurring in recent years have been in the ability to preserve organs and to improv...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.8.4.633
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. The lungs can be affected by a number of histologically diverse malignancies. Nonetheless, the vast majority of lung cancers are classified as non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite extensive research on different therapeutic regimens...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/era.10.158
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chemotherapy-induced toxic liver injury is a relevant issue in the clinical management of patients affected with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This retrospective study evaluated patterns of liver toxicity in patients treated with FOLinic acid, Fluorouracil, IRInotecan (FOLFIRI)-based regimens. METHOD...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737140.2015.1061937
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The standard of care in the management of the axilla for a woman with breast cancer was traditionally a level I and II axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Since the pivotal studies in the mid-1990s, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast carcinoma has come to replace ALND in women with clinically negative axil...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737140.8.2.195
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Prostate-sparing radical cystectomy has been described in the literature and has proven to be a promising procedure owing to the continence and erectile function results without necessarily compromising the oncologic outcome in selected patients. TECHNIQUE POINTS:A transperitoneal approach is used. Lymph node ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.6.1.21
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of renal cell cancer is increasing and surgery is the only curative treatment for patients presenting with localized disease at diagnosis. The treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer is palliative and, until recently, immunotherapy has been the standard treatment approach with response rates between 10...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.7.1.57
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most important health problems in the Western world. In order to reduce the burden of the disease, two strategies are proposed: screening and prompt detection in symptomatic patients. Although diagnosis and prevention is mainly based on colonoscopy, faecal haemoglobi...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737140.2021.1882858
更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::Anemia is a common and potentially debilitating complication of cancer. Darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp, Amgen) has been in routine clinical use for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia since 2002. The extended half-life of darbepoetin alfa permits less frequent and consequently more flexible dosing than other eryth...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.4.5.735
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The development of immune-checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) axis has transformed the treatment paradigm in non-small-cell lung cancer, bringing about unprecedented 5-year survival rates. Despite this dramatic improvement, roughly 70% of patients do not der...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737140.2020.1816173
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 25% of breast cancer patients without lymph node metastases develop systemic relapse. A growing body of data supports the notion that hematogenous dissemination of breast cancer cells occurs independently of lymphatic spread of disease; however, current clinical practice does not involve routine analysis...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.7.10.1463
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurocognitive function (NCF) impairment is an important component of primary and metastatic brain tumors and their therapeutic interventions. As a result, modern clinical trials of cranial irradiation for adult cancer patients have incorporated NCF testing as a primary or secondary end point. In doing so, these clini...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/era.12.34
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anticancer therapy relies on targeting highly proliferative cells. Commonly used chemotherapy does not selectively target individual cancer cells. The identification of distinct cancer stem cells that have the unique ability to engraft tumors and maintain cancer self-renewal may prove vital in the development of novel...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/era.13.17
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung (Lung NENs) encompass NE tumors (NETs), which are in turn split into typical and atypical carcinoids, and NE carcinomas (NECs), which group together small-cell carcinoma and large-cell NE carcinoma. This classification is the current basis for orienting the daily practi...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737140.2021.1862654
更新日期:2020-12-24 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Surgery may set the basis for a potential cure or would provide the best achievable quality of life in locally advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, survival extension with this approach would be scarce and not exempt from adverse events, thus preventing its recommendation in an alre...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14737140.2018.1431530
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::For more than 25 years, the combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP) was considered the 'gold standard' for the treatment of aggressive lymphomas, 90% of which are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). After the demonstration of rituximab's single-agent activity in DLBCL, a pi...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/era.09.170
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly malignant neoplasm. The incidence of ICC has been increasing world-wide over the past several decades. Areas covered: The pathogenesis of ICC is a complex process involving the alteration of specific genes and epigenetic changes. This review summarizes the ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14737140.2017.1266261
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 13,000 patients died from invasive bladder cancer in 2005 alone. Radical cystectomy is the most commonly prescribed treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer, or for those with a nonmuscle-invasive disease that is refractory to intravesical therapy. Despite advances in surgical technique and...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.6.2.281
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combined therapy with temozolomide and radiotherapy is a standard treatment and improves the survival for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. However, the prognosis remains poor, with a median survival time of 12-15 months. Currently, several clinical trials of dose-dense temozolomide regimen or molecular-targ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/era.11.103
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positron emission tomography (PET) is a functional diagnostic imaging technique that provides very different information from that obtainable with other imaging modalities. The most widely used radiotracer is F-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), which is an analog of glucose. The FDG uptake in cells is directly propor...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.6.8.1241
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subungual melanoma (SUM) is infrequent in the general population, accounting for 0.7-3.5% of all cutaneous melanomas. SUM absolute incidence is similar among different racial groups; however, the relative proportion among overall cutaneous melanoma cases within each population varies in relation to the frequency of su...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/era.10.216
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::For most sporadic cancers, genetic susceptibility results from the additive effect of multiple genetic variants, each of which contributes a modest risk individually. The study of genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may help explain the differences in individual cancer susceptibility and may assist in ident...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.8.7.1159
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and cause of death from cancer among adults worldwide. In recent years, the use of 5-fluorouracil-based regimens in combination with molecularly targeted agents has greatly expanded treatment options for patients with metastatic disease. With a more capillary...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.2013.837667
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective treatment for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Treatment outcome is better among patients who demonstrate sensitivity to salvage chemotherapy. Approximately half of the patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation will be cured a...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.7.3.297
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defined by its high level of accuracy and rapid radiation dose fall-off, radiosurgery has emerged as an effective radiation technique over the past few decades. Although it was once limited to conditions of the brain, head and neck regions, technological advances in computing and imaging have allowed the application o...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.7.11.1507
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since its first description nearly two centuries ago, melanoma has been a difficult disease to diagnose and treat. With the incidence and mortality rates slowly increasing, understanding this disease is more important than ever. Herein, the current diagnostic and treatment recommendations for melanoma of the head and ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.3.5.673
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ductal carcinoma-in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor for invasive breast cancer and concern exists regarding the potential for overdiagnosis and overtreatment as the natural history of DCIS progression to invasive breast cancer may never occur or take decades in some cases. Preoperative systemic therapy window ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.2015.1043897
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00