Abstract:
:This review was drawn from the literature describing genotoxic organic compounds in natural water (rivers, lakes, streams) and wastewater, as well as from recent discussions with industrial scientists and environmental regulators. Testing of wastewaters for genotoxicity may become a routine requirement for some industrial wastewater discharge permits, not unlike the more common requirement for routine aquatic toxicity tests. The stimuli for this are concerns that aquatic organisms inhabiting waters impacted by wastewater discharges suffer an increased risk of genetic damage or cancer, and that humans utilizing these waters for recreational and drinking water purposes may suffer similar genetic or carcinogenic risks. Some evidence suggests that neoplasia in aquatic organisms is related to habitat contamination, yet field evaluations fail to substantiate adequately a cause-and-effect relationship. Because aquatic organisms respond like mammals to the same genotoxic compounds, the increased burden of genotoxic compounds to the environment may impact certain endemic species. Wastewater discharges may be one source of genotoxic organic compounds in those impacted areas. With respect to potential human health impacts, evidence is supportive of increased cancer risk to individuals drinking water from surface sources; however, this risk may or may not relate to whether the drinking water source received input of wastewater discharges or known carcinogens. Throughout the published literature reviewed herein, the Salmonella/Ames gene mutation test was widely used to assess genotoxic activity, although studies using indigenous plants and aquatic organisms as in vivo monitors of genotoxic activity exist. No "standard" or frequently followed protocols for sample collection, sample processing, selection of tests or their conduct, or interpretation of data exist for most of the genotoxicity studies reviewed. For the Salmonella/Ames test, the aqueous samples were concentrated usually on XAD resin or by liquid:liquid extraction, and without this concentration step few samples exhibited genotoxic activity. Hence, in most instances, the ambient concentration of the compounds causing this activity is below that which is readily detectable by this test, a finding not new to this review. In contrast, aquatic organisms in laboratory and field studies responded to ambient concentrations of genotoxic compounds, thus alleviating the need for sample concentration. However, there appears to be a reluctance to utilize this information for extrapolation to potential human health effects. Unfortunately, no generally accepted and scientifically validated protocol for preparing aqueous samples for genotoxicity testing exists. Developing such a protocol is necessary before embarking on widespread genotoxicity testing of wastewaters, especially if results are to be used for permit compliance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
Ecotoxicol Environ Safjournal_title
Ecotoxicology and environmental safetyauthors
Stahl RG Jrdoi
10.1016/0147-6513(91)90051-psubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-08-01 00:00:00pages
94-125issue
1eissn
0147-6513issn
1090-2414pii
0147-6513(91)90051-Pjournal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Microalgae play an important role in arsenic (As) bioaccumulation and biogeochemical cycling in marine ecosystems. Marine microalgal growth and As biotransformation processes depend on environmental factors, including salinity, temperature, and nutrient concentrations, and data in this regard are available in the lite...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/eesa.1993.1058
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Airborne fine particulate matter PM2.5 was collected from May 2010 to December 2012 at Agra, a semi-urban site in north-central India. PM2.5 samples were chemically characterized for 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography. PM2.5 values varied between 8.4 and 300 µg m(-3) with 55% of the values excee...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
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doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.01.006
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
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doi:10.1006/eesa.1998.1683
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abstract::Acid rain is a global environmental problem. Acid rain can affect plants directly by damaging the leaves and indirectly by soil acidifying. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the impacts of acid rain on plant under a single soil type. However, there is little information on the effect of acid rain on plan...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
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doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109705
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abstract::In this study, we reported the design and the fabrication of Ag and TiO2 modified polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun nanofiber (NF) mats. The as-prepared NF mats were fabricated by one-step electrospinning and it was exploited for three different purposes (i) reusable SERS substrate for quantitative analysis to trace ...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
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doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109856
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0147-6513(84)90026-5
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.07.015
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herein we investigated the multi-phase distribution and estrogenic effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in suspended particulate matter (SPM), colloids, and soluble phases from the Shaying River to assess the composition of estrogenic compounds and associated estrogenic risk. The yeast two hybrid (YES) met...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.016
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0147-6513(92)90042-2
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Field experiments was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of sepiolite (S), sepiolite + fungi residues (SFR) and sepiolite + vermicompost (SVC) on in situ immobilization remediation of Cd contaminated soils. The results showed that treatments of S, SFR and SVC decreased soil Cd availability by 15.2-47.8%, 17.5-44....
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.01.014
更新日期:2018-04-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.03.002
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0147-6513(92)90075-e
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.03.007
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/eesa.2000.1980
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abstract::The effect of lead (Pb) treatment on the soil enzymatic activities, soil microbial biomass, rice physiological indices and rice biomass were studied in a greenhouse pot experiment. Six levels of Pb viz. 0(CK), 100, 300, 500, 700, 900 mg/kg soil were applied in two types of paddy soils. The results showed that Pb treat...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2006.05.001
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bioaccumulation of selenium (Se) in the fish community of Pigeon River/Pigeon Lake, which receives inputs of Se from a coal fly ash disposal facility, was studied to assess potential hazards of Se to fish, wildlife, and humans. Se concentrations in fish from sites receiving seepage and effluents from fly ash disposal ...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/eesa.1996.0076
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural radiation of geological origin is a common phenomenon in Brazil, a country where radioactive agents such as uranium may be often found. As an unstable atom, uranium undergoes radioactive decay with the generation of a series of decay by-products, including radon, which may be highly genotoxic and trigger sever...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.03.024
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The algal growth responses to the effluents of an aluminum plating plant and to the wastewater from an analgesic/antiinflammatory-drug-producing pharmaceutical plant were investigated. Growth response of the marine alga Dunaliella tertiolecta was monitored by measuring the two response parameters optical density (OD(6...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.03.017
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Botanical insecticides may provide alternatives to synthetic insecticides for controlling Spodoptera litura (F.) and they are target specific, biodegradable, and harmless to mammals. Eight natural chemical compounds with larvicidal activity were identified from fraction F6 of C. guianensis flower extract. Probit analy...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.06.043
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abstract::The objective of this study was to evaluate the chronic lethal and sublethal aquatic toxicity effects associated with the phytoremediation of water contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by the wetland plant species Myriophyllum aquaticum (parrot feather). Rotifers (Brachionus calyciflorus) feeding on an algal ...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenite is the predominant arsenic species in flooded paddy soil, and arsenite bioaccumulation in rice grains has been identified as a major problem in many Asian countries. Lowering arsenite level in rice plants and grain via accelerating arsenite oxidation is a potential strategy to help populations, who depended o...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111229
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abstract::Concentration of the metals Ni, Cr, Co, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ba, Al, and V as well as the macronutrients Ca, Mg, and K were measured in water and in the aquatic bryophytes Platyhypnidium riparioides, Scapania sp., and Fontinalis antipyretica sampled from streams in the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains, eastern Germany). These...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/eesa.2002.2175
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in daily life. However, common utilization of ZnO NPs results in increases in environmental release, and their health hazards have attracted extensive attention. To investigate the cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs and their mechanism in HepG2 cells, a comprehensive analytica...
journal_title:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.096
更新日期:2019-04-30 00:00:00