El Nino/Southern Oscillation response to global warming.

abstract：:Using currently available gene fusion techniques, we have constructed plasmids that direct the overproduction of the carboxyl-terminal two-thirds of DNA polymerase I, corresponding to the proteolytically derived "Klenow fragment." We have obtained overproduction amounting to several percent of the cellular protein usi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Joyce CM,Grindley ND

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reduced functional bladder capacity and concomitant increased micturition frequency (pollakisuria) are common lower urinary tract symptoms associated with conditions such as cystitis, prostatic hyperplasia, neurological disease, and overactive bladder syndrome. These symptoms can profoundly affect the quality of life ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Everaerts W,Zhen X,Ghosh D,Vriens J,Gevaert T,Gilbert JP,Hayward NJ,McNamara CR,Xue F,Moran MM,Strassmaier T,Uykal E,Owsianik G,Vennekens R,De Ridder D,Nilius B,Fanger CM,Voets T

更新日期：2010-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The spatial structure of genetic diversity underlying social variation is a critical determinant of how cooperation and conflict evolve. Here we investigated whether natural social groups of the cooperative soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus harbor internal genetic and phenotypic variation and thus the potential for so...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kraemer SA,Velicer GJ

更新日期：2011-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The conditional lifetime expectancy function (LEF) is the expected lifetime of a subject given survival past a certain time point and the values of a set of explanatory variables. This function is attractive to researchers because it summarizes the entire residual life distribution and has an easy interpretation compa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kong J,Klein BE,Klein R,Wahba G

更新日期：2015-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:A peptide containing 31 amino acids with inhibin-like activity has been synthesized by the solid-phase method. The synthetic product was shown to be homogeneous in high-performance liquid chromatography and paper electrophoresis. In the mouse pituitary incubation system, the follitropin-suppressing activity of the syn...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yamashiro D,Li CH,Ramasharma K,Sairam MR

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutrophils and dendritic cells when migrating in confined environments have been shown to actuate a directional choice toward paths of least hydraulic resistance (barotaxis), in some cases overriding chemotactic responses. Here, we investigate whether this barotactic response is conserved in the more primitive model ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Belotti Y,McGloin D,Weijer CJ

更新日期：2020-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF) is the only major fiber bundle connecting dorsolateral and ventrolateral visual cortex. Only a handful of studies have examined the anatomy of the VOF or its role in cognition in the living human brain. Here, we trace the contentious history of the VOF, beginning with its origin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yeatman JD,Weiner KS,Pestilli F,Rokem A,Mezer A,Wandell BA

更新日期：2014-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic electron flow (CEF) around photosystem I is thought to balance the ATP/NADPH energy budget of photosynthesis, requiring that its rate be finely regulated. The mechanisms of this regulation are not well understood. We observed that mutants that exhibited constitutively high rates of CEF also showed elevated prod...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Strand DD,Livingston AK,Satoh-Cruz M,Froehlich JE,Maurino VG,Kramer DM

更新日期：2015-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Phase separation of multivalent protein and RNA molecules underlies the biogenesis of biomolecular condensates such as membraneless organelles. In vivo, these condensates encompass hundreds of distinct types of molecules that typically organize into multilayered structures supporting the differential partitioning of m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boeynaems S,Holehouse AS,Weinhardt V,Kovacs D,Van Lindt J,Larabell C,Van Den Bosch L,Das R,Tompa PS,Pappu RV,Gitler AD

更新日期：2019-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Because many survivors of mass extinctions do not participate in postrecovery diversifications, and therefore fall into a pattern that can be termed "Dead Clade Walking" (DCW), the effects of mass extinctions extend beyond the losses observed during the event itself. Analyses at two taxonomic levels provide a first-or...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jablonski D

更新日期：2002-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the core features of human speech is that words cause listeners to retrieve corresponding visual mental images. However, whether vocalizations similarly evoke mental images in animal communication systems is surprisingly unknown. Japanese tits (Parus minor) produce specific alarm calls when and only when encoun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suzuki TN

更新日期：2018-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Scleroderma is a chronic systemic disease that leads to fibrosis of affected organs. Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta has been implicated in the pathogenesis of scleroderma. Smad proteins are signaling transducers downstream from TGF-beta receptors. Three families of Smads have been identified: (i) receptor-regul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dong C,Zhu S,Wang T,Yoon W,Li Z,Alvarez RJ,ten Dijke P,White B,Wigley FM,Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ

更新日期：2002-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction of human high density lipoproteins (HDL) with isolated human monocytes from control and Tangier patients was studied in tissue culture experiments. It was observed that normal monocytes, similar to mouse peritoneal macrophages, bind HDL to a cell surface receptor, internalize the bound HDL particles, t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmitz G,Assmann G,Robenek H,Brennhausen B

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor is a cell surface receptor that mediates the actions of LIF and other IL-6 type cytokines through the formation of high-affinity signaling complexes with gp130. Here we present the crystal structure of a complex of mouse LIF receptor with human LIF at 4.0 A resolution. The str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huyton T,Zhang JG,Luo CS,Lou MZ,Hilton DJ,Nicola NA,Garrett TP

更新日期：2007-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Diverse forms of injury and stress evoke a hypertrophic growth response in adult cardiac myocytes, which is characterized by an increase in cell size, enhanced protein synthesis, assembly of sarcomeres, and reactivation of fetal genes, often culminating in heart failure and sudden death. Given the emerging roles of mi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van Rooij E,Sutherland LB,Liu N,Williams AH,McAnally J,Gerard RD,Richardson JA,Olson EN

更新日期：2006-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV, which is representative of the MNPV subtype in which the virions may contain many nucleocapsids within a single viral envelope) encodes a protein, v-ubi, that has 76% identity with the eukaryotic protein ubiquitin. Transcriptional mapping indic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guarino LA

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are involved in a wide range of regulatory processes in the cell. Owing to their flexibility, their conformations are expected to be particularly sensitive to the crowded cellular environment. Here we use single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer to quantify the effect ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soranno A,Koenig I,Borgia MB,Hofmann H,Zosel F,Nettels D,Schuler B

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid electrical conduction in the His-Purkinje system tightly controls spatiotemporal activation of the ventricles. Although recent work has shed much light on the regulation of early specification and morphogenesis of the His-Purkinje system, less is known about how transcriptional regulation establishes impulse con...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang SS,Kim KH,Rosen A,Smyth JW,Sakuma R,Delgado-Olguín P,Davis M,Chi NC,Puviindran V,Gaborit N,Sukonnik T,Wylie JN,Brand-Arzamendi K,Farman GP,Kim J,Rose RA,Marsden PA,Zhu Y,Zhou YQ,Miquerol L,Henkelman RM,Sta

更新日期：2011-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural network function requires an appropriate balance of excitation and inhibition to be maintained by homeostatic plasticity. However, little is known about homeostatic mechanisms in the intact central brain in vivo. Here, we study homeostatic plasticity in the Drosophila mushroom body, where Kenyon cells receive f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Apostolopoulou AA,Lin AC

更新日期：2020-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Allozyme, morphological, and PCR-generated mtDNA markers were used to analyze hybrid parentage and introgression between the neighboringly sympatric crustaceans Daphnia galeata mendotae and Daphnia rosea. mtDNA analysis of D. galeata mendotae from 15 lakes and of D. rosea from 8 lakes revealed species-specific fragmen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taylor DJ,Hebert PD

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection induces transcription of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene directed by the long terminal repeat (LTR) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in both transiently and permanently transfected cells containing the HIV-LTR/CAT hybrid gene. To define the mechanism by wh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mosca JD,Bednarik DP,Raj NB,Rosen CA,Sodroski JG,Haseltine WA,Hayward GS,Pitha PM

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The F-box represents a protein motif originally identified as a conserved amino-terminal domain within the Neurospora crassa negative regulator sulfur controller-2. Recently, F-boxes have been found within a number of cell cycle regulatory proteins, where they mediate ubiquitin-driven proteolytic events required for m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kumar A,Paietta JV

更新日期：1998-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a cognate ligand for the tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) receptor, mediates neuronal survival, differentiation, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis. However, BDNF has a poor pharmacokinetic profile that limits its therapeutic potential. Here we report the identification of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jang SW,Liu X,Yepes M,Shepherd KR,Miller GW,Liu Y,Wilson WD,Xiao G,Blanchi B,Sun YE,Ye K

更新日期：2010-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The tau and gamma subunits of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme are both products of the dnaX gene. Since tau and gamma are required as stoichiometric components of the replicative complex, a mechanism must exist for the cell to coordinate their synthesis and ensure that both subunits are present in an adequate quantity a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Flower AM,McHenry CS

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When either the homologous RNA (avian myeloblastosis virus RNA) or a heterologous RNA (poliovirus RNA) was used as a template, the anticomplementary DNA synthesized in vitro by avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase (RNA-directed DNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.7) was primed by fragments of the original...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Myers JC,Dobkin C,Spiegelman S

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thioredoxin (Trx) is an intracellular redox protein with extracellular cytokine-like and chemokine-like activities. We show here that, although plasma Trx levels are unrelated to survival of HIV-infected individuals with CD4 cell counts above 200/microl blood, survival is significantly impaired (P = 0.003) when plasma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakamura H,De Rosa SC,Yodoi J,Holmgren A,Ghezzi P,Herzenberg LA,Herzenberg LA

更新日期：2001-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The lck gene encodes a membrane-associated protein tyrosine kinase (p56lck) that is believed to participate in lymphocyte-specific signal transduction pathways. To investigate the function of this molecule, transgenic mice were generated carrying the wild-type lck gene or a mutated lck gene encoding a constitutively a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Abraham KM,Levin SD,Marth JD,Forbush KA,Perlmutter RM

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluorescence of quinacrine in the presence of different polynucleotides was studied to attempt to identify the specific nucleotides responsible for the fluorescence of stained chromosome preparations. A marked enhancement of fluorescence was seen in the presence of bihelical polynucleotides, such as poly(dA-dT), poly(...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weisblum B,De Haseth PL

更新日期：1972-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The conservation of endangered fish is of critical importance. Cryobanking could provide an effective backup measure for use in conjunction with the conservation of natural populations; however, methodology for cryopreservation of fish eggs and embryos has not yet been developed. The present study established a method...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee S,Iwasaki Y,Shikina S,Yoshizaki G

更新日期：2013-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila neuroblasts divide asymmetrically by aligning their mitotic spindle with cortical cell polarity to generate distinct sibling cell types. Neuroblasts asymmetrically localize Galphai, Pins, and Mud proteins; Pins/Galphai direct cortical polarity, whereas Mud is required for spindle orientation. It is currentl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nipper RW,Siller KH,Smith NR,Doe CQ,Prehoda KE

更新日期：2007-09-04 00:00:00