Abstract：
:Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a trophic and survival factor for cholinergic neurons, and it induces the expression of several genes that are essential for synthesis and storage of acetylcholine (ACh), specifically choline acetyltransferase, vesicular ACh transporter (VAChT), and choline transporter. We have found previously that the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase pathway, but not the MEK/MAPK pathway, is the mediator of NGF-induced cholinergic differentiation. Here we demonstrate, in the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 and in primary mouse neuronal cultures, that NGF-evoked up-regulation of these three cholinergic-specific genes is mediated by the anti-apoptotic signaling molecule Akt/protein kinase B. Inhibition of Akt activation by the pharmacological inhibitor 1L-6-hydroxymethyl-chiro-inositol 2(R)-2-O-methyl-3-O-octadecylcarbonate (HIMO), or by a peptide fragment derived from the proto-oncogene TLC1, eliminated NGF-stimulated increases in cholinergic gene expression, as demonstrated by RT-PCR and reporter gene assays. Moreover, treatment with HIMO reversed NGF-evoked increases in choline acetyltransferase activity and ACh production. In co-transfection assays with the reporter construct, a dominant-negative Akt plasmid and Akt1-specific small interfering RNA also attenuated NGF-induced cholinergic promoter activity. Our data indicate that, in addition to its well-described role in promoting neuronal survival, Akt can also mediate signals necessary for neurochemical differentiation.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Madziar B,Shah S,Brock M,Burke R,Lopez-Coviella I,Nickel AC,Cakal EB,Blusztajn JK,Berse Bdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05681.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-01 00:00:00pages
1284-93issue
5eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159pii
JNC5681journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Recently, in the course of our search for the prostacyclin receptor in the brain, we found a novel subtype, designated as IP2, which was finely discriminated by use of the specific ligand (15R)-16-m-tolyl-17,18,19,20-tetranorisocarbacyclin (15R-TIC) and specifically localized in the rostral part of the brain. In the p...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0722583.x
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence of a link between aluminium and Alzheimer's disease, parkinsonism-dementia of Guam, and dialysis encephalopathy raises questions regarding the role of this element in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Therefore, we have investigated the use of gallium-67 (67Ga) as a marker for brain uptake of aluminium. T...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb08846.x
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) are well-established sensitive and specific markers of oxidative stress in vivo. Isofurans (IsoFs) are also products of lipid peroxidation, but in contrast to F2-IsoPs, their formation is favored when oxygen tension is increased in vitro or in vivo. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's d...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01709.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rat ATP P2X4 receptor was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes to assess the effect of zinc and copper as possible regulators of purinergic mechanisms. ATP applied for 20 s evoked an inward cationic current with a median effective concentration (EC50) of 21.4+/-2.8 microM and a Hill coefficient (nH) of 1.5+/-0.1. C...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0741529.x
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In brain, the precursor of imidazoleacetic acid (IAA), a GABAA agonist but a GABAC antagonist, is not known. In the periphery, IAA derives from oxidation of histamine. But in brain, histamine is thought to be metabolized solely by histamine methyltransferase (HMT), forming tele-methylhistamine (t-MH) and tele-methylim...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68010142.x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanol provides neuroprotection following ischemia/reperfusion. This study assessed ethanol's effect on hyperglycolysis and NADPH oxidase (NOX) activation. Adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h. Three sets of experiments were conducted to determine ethanol's...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12169
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Guanidino compounds in CSF of 57 human subjects were determined fluorometrically after reaction with phenanthrenequinone in alkali solution, using HPLC. Creatinine (65.2 +/- 13.4 nmol/ml), arginine (24.7 +/- 6.4 nmol/ml), and homoarginine (0.7 +/- 0.3 nmol/ml) were found in all subjects. Trace amounts of guanidinosucc...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb08649.x
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have tested the hypothesis that exocytosis is a possible export route for calcium from bovine adrenal medullary cells. After prelabelling cells in primary tissue culture with 45Ca, evoked 45Ca export and catecholamine secretion show the same time course, a similar fraction of the total pool of 45Ca and catecholamin...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07352.x
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Highly purified human serum cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, also known as pseudocholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) had peptidase activity toward substance P. Digestion of substance P was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography, which separated three product peptides. The cleavages occurred sequentially....
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb04707.x
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amylin forms large beta-pleated neurotoxic oligomers but shows only 38% sequence similarity to A beta. As patterns of gene expression during neuronal apoptosis appear stimulus and cell type specific, we compared the pattern of amylin-induced gene expression in rat cortical neurons with that shown previously to be indu...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71020506.x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CNS myelin was isolated from the spinal cord of the African lungfish Protopterus dolloi. Its proteins consisted of (1) two basic proteins (16,000 and 18,500 apparent Mr) that reacted with anti-human CNS myelin basic protein antibodies and (2) a major protein (29,000 apparent Mr) that stained with concanavalin A-horser...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb01752.x
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian telencephalon, which comprises the cerebral cortex, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, basal ganglia, and amygdala, is the most complex and intricate region of the CNS. It is the seat of all higher brain functions including the storage and retrieval of memories, the integration and processing of sensory and mo...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05522.x
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The expression and distribution of mRNA encoding preproatrial natriuretic peptide (ppANP) in rat brain has been investigated by in situ hybridization of two 35S-labeled synthetic DNA oligonucleotides, based on a cDNA clone sequence that encodes rat ppANP. The highest relative concentrations of ppANP mRNA were detected...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09434.x
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inhibition of [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine [( 3H]5-HT) binding in rat brain by 1-[2-(3-bromoacetamidophenyl)ethyl]-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl) piperazine (BrAcTFMPP) and that by spiperone were compared. Spiperone inhibition of [3H]5-HT binding in cortex was consistent with displacement from two sites with dissociation ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb12897.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In cerebellum, 75% of all GABAA receptors contain alpha1 subunits. Here, we investigated compensatory changes in GABAA receptor subunit expression and composition in alpha1 subunit-knockout mice. In these mice the total number of cerebellar GABAA receptors was reduced by 46%. Whereas the number of receptors containing...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03509.x
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamine is a primary precursor for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid. It is proposed that glutamine, synthesized and released by astrocytes, is transported into the neuron for subsequent conversion to neurotransmitters. To provide a more complete characterization of this...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68030954.x
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dual-probe microdialysis was used to study interstitial diffusion in the rat brain. A radiolabelled tracer, (3H]mannitol, was continuously infused at different concentrations via a probe acutely implanted into the striatum of an anaesthetized male rat or into a dilute agar gel. Samples were collected by a second probe...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00791.x
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of the present study was to assess metabolic changes in the neocortex and hippocampus of well-oxygenated or moderately hypoxic rats in which fluorothyl-induced seizures were sustained for 5 or 20 min, or which were allowed recovery periods of 5, 15, or 45 min following cessation of 20-min seizure activit...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb08778.x
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This laboratory has previously demonstrated that the mu-selective opiate receptor agonist sufentanil can produce a naloxone-reversible increase or decrease in the stimulated formation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in the myenteric plexus, depending on the concentration of opioid used. On the basis of these results, it was sugg...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64031102.x
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the isozymes of a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC) in bovine retina using several monoclonal antisera to PLCbeta1, gamma1, and delta1. Immunoblot analysis showed that all three isozymes were present in the retina. Immunocytochemical localization in frozen bovine retina sections show...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70010171.x
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the characteristics of secretion stimulated by EGTA-buffered Ba(2+)- and Ca(2+)-containing solutions in digitonin-permeabilized bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. Half-maximal secretion occurred at approximately 100 microM Ba2+ or 1 microM Ca2+. Ba(2+)-stimulated release was not due to release of sequestered...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09771.x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is emerging as a neuronal protein kinase involved in multiple aspects of neurotransmission in both post- and presynaptic compartments. Within the reward/motor circuitry of the basal ganglia, Cdk5 regulates dopamine neurotransmission via phosphorylation of the postsynaptic signal transd...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02723.x
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the role of Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases in the regulation of astrocytic cell volume. Calmodulin (CaM) antagonists were used to inhibit CaM and thus Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase. The effect of these inhibitors as well as activators and inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) on astrocytic volume ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10064.x
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to establish whether the antioxidant and iron-chelating activities of R-apomorphine (R-APO), a D(1)-D(2) receptor agonist, may contribute to its neuroprotective property, its S-isomer, which is not a dopamine agonist, was studied. The neuroprotective property of R- and S-APO has been studied in the MPTP model...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.t01-1-00227.x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postmortem changes in catecholamines, indoleamines, and their metabolites in rat brain regions following decapitation were determined by LCEC. In the three regions studied neurotransmitter levels declined after decapitation, whereas the metabolite levels increased. Microwave irradiation at 10 kW rapidly inactivated br...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb04083.x
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are known to occur following acute seizure activity but their contribution during epileptogenesis is largely unknown. The goal of this study was to determine the extent of mitochondrial oxidative stress, changes to redox status, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage during...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07013.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have revealed changes in immunohistochemical stains for calcium-binding proteins after manipulations that influence intracellular calcium. Cases have been revealed in which these changes in immunoreactivity were not correlated with changes in protein amounts. The present experiments examined whether t...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66020764.x
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of the regulation of low-abundance blood-brain barrier (BBB) transcripts either in isolated brain microvessels or in endothelial cells in tissue culture (ECL cells) requires isolation of poly(A)+ mRNA. Therefore, we describe here a single-step method for isolation of poly(A)+ mRNA from brain capillaries or E...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb06433.x
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endogenous neuropeptide N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate (NAAG) fulfills several criteria required to be accepted as a neurotransmitter. NAAG inactivation may proceed through enzymatic hydrolysis into N-acetyl-L-aspartate and glutamate by an N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase). Therefore, some ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb08818.x
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a potent lipid biomediator that is likely to have diverse roles in the brain. Thus, LPA-induced events in astrocytes were defined. As little as 1 nM LPA induced a rapid increase in the concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) in astrocytes from neonatal rat brains. This incr...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69031073.x
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
