Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:To review the direct and indirect effects on the central nervous system (CNS) of systemically administered immuno-modulatory therapies in use or under evaluation for the relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS:We summarize data published by our own lab and by others that delineate the effects of such therapies on in vitro neural cell cultures and in animal model-based systems. RESULTS:The long-approved therapies, interferon beta (IFNbeta) and glatiramer acetate (GA), do not readily access the CNS. These agents can still indirectly have an effect on disease-related immune regulatory and effector functions within the CNS by modulating the properties of systemic immune cells that migrate to this compartment. Such immune cells could interact with perivascular and innate immune cells that are involved in immune regulation and with cells that are either targets of the disease process (oligodendrocytes, neurons) and/or are involved with repair (progenitor cells). Newer agents reported to favorably impact on relapse frequency in MS include the sphingosine-1-phosphate agonist, fingolimod, and the lipophilic statin, simvastatin. Both agents access the CNS and thus represent examples of agents that could directly impact on disease-relevant injury and repair process within the CNS. CONCLUSIONS:The observations reviewed in this report regarding indirect and direct effects of immuno-modulatory agents on the CNS indicate the need to understand and monitor the neurobiologic effects of such therapies.
journal_name
Clin Neurol Neurosurgjournal_title
Clinical neurology and neurosurgeryauthors
Antel JP,Miron VEdoi
10.1016/j.clineuro.2008.03.021subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-11-01 00:00:00pages
951-7issue
9eissn
0303-8467issn
1872-6968pii
S0303-8467(08)00126-1journal_volume
110pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore a simple and effective surgery for correcting severe kyphotic deformity caused by ankylosing spondylitis (AS). MATERIALS AND METHODS:From January 2003 to December 2009, we respectively reviewed 32 patients with severe spinal kyphosis caused by AS with at least 2-year follow-up. Patients were divid...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2015.09.011
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten patients with epilepsy of unknown origin, starting after the age of 50 years, and without clear evidence of cognitive decline were studied with positron emission tomography, using the steady state technique with 15O. Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism were significantly decreased in all cortical areas. No f...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0303-8467(95)00046-m
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Past history of stroke has been associated with an increased risk of a new ischemic stroke. Several studies have indicated increased prevalence of strokes among coronavirus patients. However, the role of past history of stroke in COVID19 patients is still unclear. The purpose of this systemati...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106183
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although several cases of radiation-induced skin injury (RSI) have been reported in association with neurointerventional procedures such as endovascular embolization for cerebral aneurysm, cerebral arteriovenous malformation, and dural arteriovenous fistula, in most cases the absorbed doses are not measured directly; ...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2010.03.019
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Understanding the microanatomy of the proximal middle cerebral artery (M1) and its early branches is very important for aneurysm surgery in this region. However, few articles provide detailed descriptions of such aneurysms. We report the angiographic characteristics of a series of M1 aneurysms and our experie...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2008.02.014
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The visual and headache outcomes in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) undergoing cerebrospinal fluid diversion with a lumboperitoneal (LPS) or ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS) have not been well reported. The aims of this study were to: (a) to assess outcomes of CSF diversion in IIH...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2011.02.008
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Localizing the semiology of ictal fear and seizure onset in epilepsy patients is commonly challenging due to limited value of routine electroencephalography (EEG) and very few surgical attempts. Here we reported a case of refractory epilepsy characterized by aura of extreme fear and hypermotor seizures, in which the l...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.10.025
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Ventriculostomy is one of the most common neurosurgical procedures and an important tool in the treatment and monitoring of elevated intracranial pressure. Low accuracy has frequently been reported in the literature with risk of drain misplacement over 20% and with a need for reinsertion in up to 40%. As an ...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2013.05.026
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The positive results of recent clinical trials examining endovascular treatment of acute stroke were the culmination of nearly two decades of studies of endovascular stroke treatment. We systematically reviewed this body of work, evaluated the strength of evidence, and performed a meta-analysis to define the clinical ...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.03.005
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The diagnosis and the surgical removal of a brain tumor can have serious impact on the quality of life of a patient. The question rises, whether having more or just less memories of the procedure is better for coping with such an event. Furthermore, for preoperative information of future patients it is impor...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.05.013
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Catheter angiography (DSA) as gold standard for the evaluation of aneurysmal occlusion after coiling has now been largely replaced by MRI or CTA in long term observations. However, the first year after treatment is crucial because most recurrences occur in this time. Until now no guidelines exist concerning ...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2016.08.005
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyze long-term results and to determine prognostic factors on seizure outcome in a series of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) who underwent anteromedial temporal lobectomy (AMTL). MATERIALS AND METHODS:From 1995 to 1998 forty-two patients suffering from non-lesional TLE underwent tailored AMT...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2006.07.004
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the patient's self assessed health related quality of life (saHRQoL) based upon the medical outcome study 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) as well as the factors of influence upon the saHRQoL following surgery for petroclival (PCM) and lateral posterior surface of the pyramid (LPPM) mening...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.01.016
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the impact of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents on the severity and outcome of spontaneous non-traumatic intra-cerebral hemorrhage (ICH). To evaluate associations between reversal of anticoagulation and mortality/morbidity in these patients. METHODS:Data was collected on a consecutive cohort ...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2009.12.002
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression in a Mexican Parkinson's disease (PD) population. BACKGROUND:Depressive symptoms are frequent in PD and have been recognized as a major determinant of quality of life. Only two previous studies have partially addressed depression in Mexican PD pat...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2012.03.035
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Several neurodegenerative disorders show olfactory dysfunction. In patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), olfactory impairment is probably due to the involvement of the temporal and orbitofrontal lobes. We hypothesized that due to the disrupted areas in FTD, there would be an impairment in smell identif...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2016.01.003
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a patient with the varicella zoster viral (VZV) infection of multiple cranial nerves mimicking Garcin syndrome, who initially presented with Ramsay Hunt syndrome (herpes zoster oticus). A 78-year-old man showed left facial palsy with zosteric eruptions in his left auricle and dysphagia, followed by left tota...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2005.09.002
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) has several clinically different forms. Whereas the illness progresses slowly in most of the patients, 10% have an aggressively progressive course with fatal outcome without signs of remyelination capability. The process of remyelination depends on numerous interactive factors, including the pr...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2005.11.014
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:While considered a safe operation, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been associated with various morbidities. We assessed differences in postsurgical complication rates in patients undergoing the most common types of neurostimulation surgery. METHODS:The National Readmission Database (NRD) was queried to id...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106372
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Advances in endovascular treatment (EVT) have greatly improved the treatment outcomes of paraclinoid aneurysms. However, EVT had the shortcoming of durability and thromboembolic complications. As well, surgical treatment of paraclinoid aneurysms is still challenging due to the complexity of adjacent structure...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.11.008
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder of multifactorial etiology with a broad range of clinical manifestations. Cerebral disorders such as psychosis, seizures and cerebrovascular accidents are commonly described in SLE patients. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) presents a higher incidence ...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.10.018
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A patient with a so-called 'butterfly vertebra' is presented. Radiography, including computed tomography, is shown. The embryology and pathogenesis of the vertebral column with respect to vertebral abnormalities are discussed, with special reference to butterfly vertebra. Finally, attention is paid to the clinical man...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0303-8467(82)90039-7
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Seizures are common complications following intracranial aneurysms and present a greater risk to pediatric patients than adults. Though the risk factors of seizures in adults with intracranial aneurysms have been well documented, the risk factors in pediatric patients remain unknown. The aim of this study was...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2019.105616
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is an uncommon malignant tumor. During the past decade, endoscopic approaches have been gradually applied in treating skull base tumors. However, the experience in using this approach to treat ENB is still limited. Kadish staging and Dulguerov staging are common methods used for EN...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2015.08.006
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A large Dutch family is presented with pure hereditary spastic paraparesis. Pedigree analysis indicates autosomal dominant inheritance with complete penetrance and possibly anticipation in successive generations. These observations may have implications for genetic studies. Linkage studies in this family have excluded...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0303-8467(93)90006-3
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nineteen homocystinuric patients--13 children and 6 adults--were identified in the course of a selective screening for homocystinuria due to cystathionine synthase deficiency. Treatment with high doses (300-1200 mg/day) of pyridoxine was carried out in 17 patients, of whom 15 were completely responsive. In 10 patients...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0303-8467(83)90046-x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rare case of basal ganglionic angioleiomyoma in a 12-year-old girl is reported. She presented with features of raised intracranial tension, multifocal seizures, left hemidystonia and apraxia of eyelid closure. Cranial CT scan showed a large hypodense lesion with an enhancing mural nodule in the region of head of the...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0303-8467(96)00021-2
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nature of the oropharyngeal dysphagia in polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) has been investigated by EMG methods. Nineteen patients with PM/DM were studied. The oropharyngeal phase of swallowing was evaluated by the electrophysiological methods measuring the laryngeal relocation time, pharyngeal transit time and...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2004.02.024
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To estimate the prevalence rate of silent cranial and intracranial lesions in a series of Ollier-Maffucci patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Cerebral MRI was routinely performed in Ollier-Maffucci patients followed-up in our tertiary centers. Patients with previous history of skull base or intracranial tumors w...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.07.011
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) is an oncogene and has been detected in several tumors of unrelated histological origin. However, its role in meningiomas is unknown so far. We aim to investigate PTTG expression in intracranial meningiomas, and clarify the relationship between PTTG and the histopatho...
journal_title：Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.04.028
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
