Double proton transfer dynamics of model DNA base pairs in the condensed phase.

abstract：:We have studied the effect of the cholinergic agonist carbachol on the spontaneous release of glutamate in cultured rat hippocampal cells. Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) through glutamatergic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type channels were recorded by means of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bouron A,Reuter H

更新日期：1997-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelia are planar tissues that undergo major morphogenetic movements during development. These movements must work in the context of the mechanical properties of epithelia. Surprisingly little is known about these mechanical properties at the time and length scales of morphogenetic processes. We show that at a time...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luu O,David R,Ninomiya H,Winklbauer R

更新日期：2011-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Global patterns of biodiversity reflect both regional and local processes, but the relative importance of local ecological limits to species coexistence, as influenced by the physical environment, in contrast to regional processes including species production, dispersal, and extinction, is poorly understood. Failure t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ricklefs RE,He F

更新日期：2016-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:A metabolic mechanism for oxalic acid biosynthesis in the wood-rotting basidiomycete Fomitopsis palustris has been proposed on the basis of biochemical analyses of glucose metabolism. There was a strong correlation between glucose consumption and oxalate production. Oxalic acid was found to accumulate in the culture f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Munir E,Yoon JJ,Tokimatsu T,Hattori T,Shimada M

更新日期：2001-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We present whole-genome assemblies of four divergent Arabidopsis thaliana strains that complement the 125-Mb reference genome sequence released a decade ago. Using a newly developed reference-guided approach, we assembled large contigs from 9 to 42 Gb of Illumina short-read data from the Landsberg erecta (Ler-1), C24,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schneeberger K,Ossowski S,Ott F,Klein JD,Wang X,Lanz C,Smith LM,Cao J,Fitz J,Warthmann N,Henz SR,Huson DH,Weigel D

更新日期：2011-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse interferon preparations inhibited the multiplication of mouse leukemia L 1210 cells cultivated under steady-state conditions in a chemostat. The use of this sensitive and controlled system led to the detection of a rapid inhibition in the incorporation of (3-H)thymidine into cellular acid-precipitable material 2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tovey M,Brouty-Boyé D,Gresser I

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Truncation selection is known to be the most efficient form of directional selection. When this is modified so that the fitness increases linearly over a range of one or two standard deviations of the value of the selected character, the efficiency is reduced, but not greatly. When truncation selection is compared to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crow JF,Kimura M

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lifelong interactions between host and the ubiquitous and persistent cytomegalovirus (CMV) have been proposed to contribute to the age-related decline in immunity. Prior work from us and others found some support for that idea, yet evidence that this led to increased vulnerability to other infections was not obtained....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smithey MJ,Venturi V,Davenport MP,Buntzman AS,Vincent BG,Frelinger JA,Nikolich-Žugich J

更新日期：2018-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The perceptual color qualities of hue, saturation, and brightness do not correspond in any simple way to the physical characteristics of retinal stimuli, a fact that poses a major obstacle for any explanation of color vision. Here we test the hypothesis that these basic color attributes are determined by the statistic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Long F,Yang Z,Purves D

更新日期：2006-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:African trypanosomes are protected by a densely packed surface monolayer of variant surface glycoprotein (VSG). A haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor (HpHbR) within this VSG coat mediates heme acquisition. HpHbR is also exploited by the human host to mediate endocytosis of trypanolytic factor (TLF)1 from serum, contributi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Higgins MK,Tkachenko O,Brown A,Reed J,Raper J,Carrington M

更新日期：2013-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Naive CD4 T cells differentiate into several effector lineages, which generate a stronger and more rapid response to previously encountered immunological challenges. Although effector function is a key feature of adaptive immunity, the molecular basis of this process is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the spa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zorca CE,Kim LK,Kim YJ,Krause MR,Zenklusen D,Spilianakis CG,Flavell RA

更新日期：2015-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Inteins are intervening protein sequences that undergo self-excision from a precursor protein with concomitant joining of the flanking sequences. Here, we demonstrate intein trans-splicing in Nicotiana tabacum chloroplasts by using the naturally split Ssp DnaE intein. Trans-splicing occurred whether both intein fragme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chin HG,Kim GD,Marin I,Mersha F,Evans TC Jr,Chen L,Xu MQ,Pradhan S

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The gene encoding latent-infection membrane protein 1 (LMP1) was specifically mutated in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) recombinants by inserting a nonsense linker after codon 9 or codon 84 or into an intron 186 bp 3' to the latter insertion site. EBV recombinants with the LMP1 intron mutation were wild type for LMP1 expres...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaye KM,Izumi KM,Kieff E

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The alpha and beta subunits of Na-K-ATPase are up-regulated by hypertonicity in inner-medullary collecting duct cells adapted to survive in hypertonic conditions. We examined the regulation of the gamma subunit by hypertonicity. Although cultured inner-medullary collecting duct cells lacked the gamma subunits, both va...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Capasso JM,Rivard C,Berl T

更新日期：2001-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV) expression is analyzed in a T-lymphoid cell line (T1M1) sensitive to the killing effect of glucocorticoids and in two of its variants, one resistant (T1M1r) and one supersensitive (T1M1ss) to glucocorticoid-induced lymphocytolysis. In the T1M1 line, MMTV is expressed and induced appro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mermod JJ,Bourgeois S,Defer N,Crépin M

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expressions are developed for weak single pair emission probability and strong emission average number of pairs. The water transparency cutoff is closely realized, showing that the fundamental time scale is even shorter. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schwinger J

更新日期：1993-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular and molecular signals involved in axon elongation versus collateral and arbor formation may be intrinsic to developing neurons, or they may derive from targets. To identify signals regulating axon growth modes, we have developed a culture system in which trigeminal ganglion cells are challenged by various tar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Erzurumlu RS,Jhaveri S,Takahashi H,McKay RD

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social decisions require evaluation of costs and benefits to oneself and others. Long associated with emotion and vigilance, the amygdala has recently been implicated in both decision-making and social behavior. The amygdala signals reward and punishment, as well as facial expressions and the gaze of others. Amygdala ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang SW,Fagan NA,Toda K,Utevsky AV,Pearson JM,Platt ML

更新日期：2015-12-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The serotonin transporter (SERT) is a major regulator of serotonergic neurotransmission and anxiety-related behaviors. SERT is expressed in two alternative polyadenylation forms that differ by an evolutionarily conserved element in the 3' untranslated region of its mRNA. Expression of SERT mRNA containing the distal p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yoon Y,McKenna MC,Rollins DA,Song M,Nuriel T,Gross SS,Xu G,Glatt CE

更新日期：2013-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated a cDNA clone from a human fibroblast cDNA library that contains the entire protein-coding region of a 1.1-kilobase mRNA. This mRNA encodes a 284-amino acid tropomyosin, the primary structure of which most closely resembles smooth muscle tropomyosin. Thus, the expression of both 284-amino acid muscle-t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： MacLeod AR,Houlker C,Reinach FC,Smillie LB,Talbot K,Modi G,Walsh FS

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clones of Friend erythroleukemia cells, characterized by the presence of 40-70% benzidine-positive cells synthesizing hemoglobin in the absence of inducing drugs, were treated with several phorbol diesters with a known range of tumor-promoting activity on mouse skin. Good correlation was found between the reported tum...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rovera G,O'Brien TG,Diamond L

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Precise regulation of the evolutionarily conserved hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) ensures proper adaptation to variations in oxygen availability throughout development and into adulthood. Oxygen-dependent regulation of HIF stability and activity are mediated by hydroxylation of conserved proline and aspa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dann CE 3rd,Bruick RK,Deisenhofer J

更新日期：2002-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The mid-winter development of refractoriness to melatonin (Mel) triggers recrudescence of the atrophied reproductive apparatus of rodents. As a consequence, over-wintering animals become reproductively competent just before the onset of spring conditions favorable for breeding. The neural target tissues that cease to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Freeman DA,Zucker I

更新日期：2001-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Metal cation homeostasis is essential for plant nutrition and resistance to toxic heavy metals. Many plant metal transporters remain to be identified at the molecular level. In the present study, we have isolated AtNramp cDNAs from Arabidopsis and show that these genes complement the phenotype of a metal uptake defici...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thomine S,Wang R,Ward JM,Crawford NM,Schroeder JI

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the factors required for the antiviral activity of the synthetic nucleoside, ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), is the ability of the molecule to adopt the substrate conformation specified by the enzyme for which it is a competitive inhibitor, inosine 5'-phosphate dehydrogenase (IM...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miles DL,Miles DW,Redington P,Eyring H

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Echoviruses have been implicated in multiple human disease syndromes, including aseptic meningitis, paralysis, and heart disease, but no animal model is available for studying the pathogenesis of infection. Production of human integrin very late antigen 2, a receptor for echovirus type 1, in transgenic mice conferred ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hughes SA,Thaker HM,Racaniello VR

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be important signal molecules that are involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses as well as in growth regulation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ROS act as a growth regulator, as well as how ROS-dependent growth regulation relates to its roles in stress resp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mabuchi K,Maki H,Itaya T,Suzuki T,Nomoto M,Sakaoka S,Morikami A,Higashiyama T,Tada Y,Busch W,Tsukagoshi H

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:8-Methylbenz[a]anthracene (8-MeBaA) transdihydrodiol metabolites were isolated by reversed-phase and normal-phase HPLCs from incubations of 8-MeBaA with liver microsomes or a reconstituted system containing purified cytochrome P-448 and epoxide hydrolase. Regardless of the enzyme source, the metabolically formed 8-MeB...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang SK,Chou MW,Fu PP,Wislocki PG,Lu AH

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Digestion of mouse L cell mitochondrial DNA with EcoRI restriction endonuclease produces two linear duplex fragments comprising 86.3 +/- 2.0% and 14.2 +/- 1.0% of the circular genome length (16,000 +/- 470 nucleotide pairs). Digestion of human HeLa cell mitochondrial DNA with EcoRI produces three linear duplex fragmen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robberson DL,Clayton DA,Morrow JF

更新日期：1974-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA movements and localization pervade biology, from embryonic development to disease. To identify RNAs at specific locations, we developed a strategy in which a uridine-adding enzyme is anchored to subcellular sites, where it directly marks RNAs with 3' terminal uridines. This localized RNA recording approach yields ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Medina-Munoz HC,Lapointe CP,Porter DF,Wickens M

更新日期：2020-09-22 00:00:00