Abstract:
:Ghrelin is an acylated peptidyl gastric hormone acting on the pituitary and hypothalamus to stimulate appetite, adiposity, and growth hormone release, through activation of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR)-1a receptor. Moreover, ghrelin features several activities such as inhibition of apoptosis, regulation of differentiation, and stimulation or inhibition of proliferation of several cell types. Ghrelin acylation is absolutely required for both GHSR-1a binding and its central endocrine activities. However, the unacylated ghrelin form, des-acyl ghrelin, which does not bind GHSR-1a and is devoid of any endocrine activity, is far more abundant than ghrelin in plasma, and it shares with ghrelin some of its cellular activities. In here we show that both ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin stimulate proliferating C2C12 skeletal myoblasts to differentiate and to fuse into multinucleated myotubes in vitro through activation of p38. Consistently, both ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin inhibit C2C12 proliferation in growth medium. Moreover, the ectopic expression of ghrelin in C2C12 enhances differentiation and fusion of these myoblasts in differentiation medium. Finally, we show that C2C12 cells do not express GHSR-1a, but they do contain a common high-affinity binding site recognized by both acylated and des-acylated ghrelin, suggesting that the described activities on C2C12 are likely mediated by this novel, yet unidentified receptor for both ghrelin forms.
journal_name
Mol Biol Celljournal_title
Molecular biology of the cellauthors
Filigheddu N,Gnocchi VF,Coscia M,Cappelli M,Porporato PE,Taulli R,Traini S,Baldanzi G,Chianale F,Cutrupi S,Arnoletti E,Ghè C,Fubini A,Surico N,Sinigaglia F,Ponzetto C,Muccioli G,Crepaldi T,Graziani Adoi
10.1091/mbc.e06-05-0402subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-03-01 00:00:00pages
986-94issue
3eissn
1059-1524issn
1939-4586pii
E06-05-0402journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The neonatal receptor for immunoglobulin G (IgG; FcRn) prevents IgG degradation by efficiently sorting IgG into recycling endosomes and away from lysosomes. When bound to IgG-opsonized antigen complexes, however, FcRn traffics cargo into lysosomes, where antigen processing can occur. Here we address the mechanism of s...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E13-04-0174
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dog thyroid epithelial cells in primary culture constitute a physiologically relevant model of positive control of DNA synthesis initiation and G0-S prereplicative phase progression by cAMP as a second messenger for thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]). As previously shown in this system, the cAMP-dependent...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.11.3.1061
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We identified a direct interaction between the neuronal transmembrane protein calsyntenin-1 and the light chain of Kinesin-1 (KLC1). GST pulldowns demonstrated that two highly conserved segments in the cytoplasmic domain of calsyntenin-1 mediate binding to the tetratricopeptide repeats of KLC1. A complex containing ca...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-02-0112
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gp78 is an ERAD-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase that induces degradation of the mitofusin mitochondrial fusion proteins and mitochondrial fission. Gp78 is localized throughout the ER; however, the anti-Gp78 3F3A monoclonal antibody (mAb) recognizes Gp78 selectively in mitochondria-associated ER domains. Epitope mapping...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E15-02-0120
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The histone variant H2AX is rapidly phosphorylated at the sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). This phosphorylated H2AX (gamma-H2AX) is involved in the retention of repair and signaling factor complexes at sites of DNA damage. The dependency of this phosphorylation on the various PI3K-related protein kinases (in ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-10-0890
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokinesis in metazoan cells requires a set of antiparallel microtubules that become bundled upon anaphase onset to form a structure known as the central spindle. Bundling of these microtubules requires a protein complex, centralspindlin, that consists of the CYK-4/MgcRacGAP Rho-family GTPase-activating protein and t...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-05-0468
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The key regulator of entry into mitosis is the serine/threonine kinase p34cdc2. This kinase is regulated both by association with cyclins and by phosphorylation at several sites. Phosphorylation at Tyr 15 and Thr 14 are believed to inhibit the kinase activity of cdc2. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the wee1 (and possib...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.5.3.273
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increase in the level of active, GTP-bound Ras is not necessary for transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) by v-Src. This suggests that other Ras-independent pathways contribute to transformation by v-Src. To address the possibility that activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammali...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.10.6.1693
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oncoprotein 18/stathmin (Op18) has been identified recently as a protein that destabilizes microtubules, but the mechanism of destabilization is currently controversial. Based on in vitro microtubule assembly assays, evidence has been presented supporting conflicting destabilization models of either tubulin sequestrat...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.10.1.105
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polarized assembly of actin filaments forms the basis of actin-based motility and is regulated both spatially and temporally. Cells use a variety of mechanisms by which intrinsically slower processes are accelerated, and faster ones decelerated, to match rates observed in vivo. Here we discuss how kinetic studies of i...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E15-06-0352
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Drosophila melanogaster genes Hrb87F and Hrb98DE encode the fly proteins HRB87F and HRB98DE (also known as hrp36 and hrp38, respectively) that are most similar in sequence and function to mammalian A/B-type hnRNP proteins. Using overexpression and deletion mutants of Hrb87F, we have tested the hypothesis that the ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.7.7.1059
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human neutrophils generally function adherent to an extracellular matrix. We have previously reported that upon adhesion to laminin- or fibronectin-coated, but not uncoated, plastic there is a depolymerization of actin in neutrophils. This phenomenon was not affected by inhibitors of the more well-studied components o...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.8.1.121
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently established an in vitro assay that monitors the fusion between latex-bead phagosomes and endocytic organelles in the presence of J774 macrophage cytosol (). Here, we show that different reagents affecting the actin cytoskeleton can either inhibit or stimulate this fusion process. Because the membranes of p...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.12.1.155
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ARVCF, an armadillo-repeat protein of the p120(ctn) family, associates with classical cadherins and is present in adherens junctions, but its function is poorly understood. Here, we show that ARVCF interacts via a C-terminal PDZ-binding motif with zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and ZO-2. ARVCF and ZO-1 partially colocalize i...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-04-0350
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Desmin interacts with nebulin establishing a direct link between the intermediate filament network and sarcomeres at the Z-discs. Here, we examined a desmin mutation, E245D, that is located within the coil IB (nebulin-binding) region of desmin and that has been reported to cause human cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscl...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e08-07-0753
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During constitutive secretion, proteins synthesized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are transported to the Golgi complex for processing and then to the plasma membrane for incorporation or extracellular release. This study uses a unique live-cell constitutive secretion assay to establish roles for the molecular moto...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E10-06-0553
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural killer cells are lymphocytes specialized to participate in host defense through their innate ability to mediate cytotoxicity by secreting the contents of preformed secretory lysosomes (lytic granules) directly onto a target cell. This form of directed secretion requires the formation of an immunological synaps...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-11-0930
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pre-rRNA synthesis and processing are key steps in ribosome biogenesis. Although recent evidence in yeast suggests that these two processes are coupled, the nature of their association is unclear. In this report, we analyze the coordination between rDNA transcription and pre-rRNA processing in mammalian cells. We foun...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-03-0249
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Schizosaccharomyces pombe sts1+ gene, identified by supersensitive mutations to a protein kinase inhibitor, staurosporine, was isolated by complementation by the use of a fission yeast genomic library. Nucleotide sequencing shows that the sts1+ gene encodes a 453 amino acid putative membrane-associated protein tha...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.3.3.263
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stress fibers were isolated from cultured human foreskin fibroblasts and bovine endothelial cells, and their contraction was demonstrated in vitro. Cells in culture dishes were first treated with a low-ionic-strength extraction solution and then further extracted using detergents. With gentle washes by pipetting, the ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.9.7.1919
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tolerance to desiccation in cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is inducible; only one in a million cells from an exponential culture survive desiccation compared with one in five cells in stationary phase. Here we exploit the desiccation sensitivity of exponentially dividing cells to understand the stresses imposed ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E12-07-0524
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid alteration of gene expression in response to environmental changes is essential for normal development and behavior. The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 is well known to respond to alterations in oxygen availability. In nature, low oxygen environments are often found to contain high levels ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-03-0199
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unfertilized eggs and fertilized embryos from Drosophila mothers mutant for the plutonium (plu) gene contain giant polyploid nuclei resulting from unregulated S-phase. The PLU protein, a 19-kDa ankyrin repeat protein, is present in oocytes and early embryos but is not detectable after the completion of the initial rap...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.8.4.583
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cdc25 tyrosine phosphatase is known to activate cdc2 kinase in the G2/M transition by dephosphorylation of tyrosine 15. To determine how entry into M-phase in eukaryotic cells is controlled, we have investigated the regulation of the cdc25 protein in Xenopus eggs and oocytes. Two closely related Xenopus cdc25 gene...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.3.8.927
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficient maintenance of genome integrity in the face of cellular stress is vital to protect against human diseases such as cancer. DNA replication, chromatin dynamics, cellular signaling, nuclear architecture, cell cycle checkpoints, and other cellular activities contribute to the delicate spatiotemporal control ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0668
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Formation of multiple-protein macromolecular complexes at specialized subcellular microdomains increases the specificity and efficiency of signaling in cells. In this study, we demonstrate that phosphodiesterase type 3A (PDE3A) physically and functionally interacts with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regula...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-08-0655
更新日期:2010-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::MAL, a compact hydrophobic, four-transmembrane-domain apical protein that copurifies with detergent-resistant membranes is obligatory for the machinery that sorts glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins and others to the apical membrane in epithelia. The mechanism of MAL function in lipid-raft-mediated apica...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-02-0142
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mathematical modeling has been instrumental in identifying common principles of cell polarity across diverse systems. These principles include positive feedback loops that are required to destabilize a spatially uniform state of the cell. The conserved small G-protein Cdc42 is a master regulator of eukaryotic cellular...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1091/mbc.E16-10-0739
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms and receptors involved in phagocytosis by nonhematopoietic cells are not well understood. The involvement of the alpha 3 beta 1 integrin in phagocytosis of the extracellular matrix by human breast cancer cells was studied. The possible role of this integrin was suggested since alpha 3 and beta 1 but not...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.7.11.1789
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tight junction adaptor protein ZO-1 regulates intracellular signaling and cell proliferation. Its Src homology 3 (SH3) domain is required for the regulation of proliferation and binds to the Y-box transcription factor ZO-1-associated nucleic acid binding protein (ZONAB). Binding of ZO-1 to ZONAB results in cytopla...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-06-0507
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00