Abstract：
CONTEXT:At the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium, final year medical students participate in 70 problem-solving clinical seminars over a period of 2 months, concentrating on clinical reasoning for formulating differential diagnoses. The clinical seminars end in an examination consisting of 200 extended-matching questions (EMQs). OBJECTIVES:This study asks whether problem-solving clinical seminars improve clinical reasoning and whether the EMQ examination measures clinical decision making. In order to detect an increase in diagnostic ability, the Diagnostic Thinking Inventory (DTI) was applied. The research hypotheses were: (i) DTI scores will be higher after the seminars than before, and (ii) the correlations between DTI scores and EMQ examination scores will be significant. METHODS:In the academic year 2003-04, 3 series of problem-solving clinical seminars were held. At the beginning and end of each series the students filled in the DTI. This questionnaire measures 2 aspects of diagnostic thinking: the degree of flexibility in thinking, and how knowledge is structured in the memory. RESULTS:For all data together, the DTI scores after the clinical seminars were significantly higher than before. Pearson correlations between DTI scores and EMQ examination scores were low but significant, with the exception of post-test Structure (not significant). CONCLUSIONS:Two months of intensive problem-solving clinical training was accompanied by an improvement in diagnostic thinking, as measured by DTI scores. Correlation between DTI scores and examination scores indicates that the EMQs measure an aspect of student achievement that is related to clinical reasoning.
journal_name
Med Educjournal_title
Medical educationauthors
Beullens J,Struyf E,Van Damme Bdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02627.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-12-01 00:00:00pages
1173-9issue
12eissn
0308-0110issn
1365-2923pii
MED2627journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The present study was undertaken to evaluate the competence of rotating residents in handling clinical problems, falling under the purview of the major clinical disciplines, which they come across during their routine work. Three hundred and one rotating residents (55% of the total) who graduated in June 1981 from the...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1983.tb01124.x
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical students in Germany have to write a research thesis to acquire the title of medical doctor. This study evaluates the contribution of student research to the Medline-indexed publications of a German medical faculty. A 1993-1995 Medline-publication list, on which medical students among authors should be marked, ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1998.00255.x
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to provide "horizontal" integration of related clinical subjects, a combined teaching course in community medicine, general practice, geriatric medicine and mental health has been devised. The course lasts 12 weeks and is divided between joint teaching of topics of common interest and clinical clerkships in i...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1982.tb01074.x
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Coaching in medical education has recently gained prominence, but minimal attention has been given to key skills and determining how they work to effectively ensure residents are progressing and developing self-assessment skills. This study examined process-oriented and content-oriented coaching skills used ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.13818
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Due to the high volume and acuity of mental health issues presented by graduate and professional students nationwide, this study explored specific mental health needs in students in order to identify credible areas for intervention. METHODS:An assessment tool was created for this project, which identified sati...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2929.2004.01812.x
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inconsistency of the marking in clinical examinations is a well documented problem. This project identified some of the factors responsible for this inconsistency. A standardized rating situation was devised. Five students were videotaped as they performed part of a physical examination on simulated patients. Eigh...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1980.tb02379.x
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes a strategy for helping students to learn about laboratory and radiological investigations in diagnosis and management, and to make decisions about the use of investigations, taking into account such features as safety, patient comfort and cost. Learning takes place through the use of a programmed ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02310.x
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In 1993 the General Medical Council published its recommendations on undergraduate medical education. AIM:To study the implementation of these recommendations in UK medical schools by means of informal visitations. METHODS:Teams consisting of 3-5 members visited the 25 UK medical schools in a 3-year period...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01152.x
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Recently several authors have drawn parallels between educational research and some theories of natural science, in particular complexity theory and chaos theory. The central claim is that both the natural science theories are useful metaphors for education research in that they deal with phenomena that involve...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.03945.x
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Communicating "bad news" to patients and their families can be difficult for physicians. OBJECTIVE:This qualitative study aimed to examine residents' perceptions of barriers to delivering bad news to patients and their family members. DESIGN:Two focus groups consisting of first- and second-year medical and...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.00766.x
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Some medical courses in the UK have many more applicants than places and almost all applicants have the highest possible previous and predicted examination grades. The BioMedical Admissions Test (BMAT) was designed to assist in the student selection process specifically for a number of 'traditional' medical cou...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03367.x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Recent UK policy has been to increase substantially the number of graduate entrants to medical schools. Our aim was to study whether graduate and non-graduate entrants have different long-term career preferences. METHODS:We conducted postal questionnaire surveys of medical qualifiers from all UK medical scho...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2007.02706.x
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In this paper we report on further tests of the validity of the multiple mini-interview (MMI) selection process, comparing MMI scores with those achieved on a national high-stakes clinical skills examination. We also continue to explore the stability of candidate performance and the extent to which so-call...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03407.x
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Student assessment in community settings presents problems for medical teachers, e.g., difficulties in assessing the contribution of individual members to group work, and lack of test standardization due to varying field conditions. The Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Sudan is a community-oriented, communit...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1998.00151.x
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:This paper describes the process of validating the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) for use with postgraduate health care professionals. CONTEXT:The RIPLS questionnaire has proved useful in the undergraduate context, enabling tutors to assess the readiness of students to engage in interprofe...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02442.x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interactive video is a new teaching medium that has much potential in medical education. Hitherto, the realization of this potential has been restrained by lack of awareness among medical teachers of the advantageous features provided and how to implement them, while computer specialists lack the required medical know...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1991.tb00044.x
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Teaching preclinical medical students about doctor-patient communication gives them an opportunity to develop their interviewing skills prior to their having to elicit lists of symptoms in their clinical years. General practitioners should be among the more efficient interviewers in clinical medicine and therefore abl...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1993.tb00259.x
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative methods of evaluating the outcomes of medical education may not always deliver the information which course organizers and teachers most need in order to improve their courses. Qualitative methods of research could provide such information. However, the use of qualitative methods has been limited by the d...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1989.tb01575.x
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The view, background and motivation of providers of medical education was studied using a structured questionnaire which was sent to all those who organized courses for the Postgraduate Education Allowance in the West of Scotland. Two hundred and twenty-five replies were received from 254 course providers, giving an 8...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1993.tb00300.x
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Script concordance test (SCT) scores are intended to reflect respondents' competence in interpreting clinical data under conditions of uncertainty. The validity of inferences based on SCT scores has not been rigorously established. OBJECTIVES:This study was conducted in order to develop a structured validity a...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03863.x
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Portfolios are increasingly advocated in medical education. Qualitative studies have suggested their value in stimulating experiential learning, promoting deep learning and encouraging reflection. This study explored the use of educational portfolios in reflective learning by general practice (GP) registrars...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2004.01737.x
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:In Japan, regulatory intervention aimed at preventing a prospective surplus of physicians is an important medical issue. The study committees organized by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MHW) in 1986, 1993 and 1998, concluded that the number of physicians would exceed demand for their services in the fut...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.00937.x
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Simulated patients (SPs) are extensively used in the teaching of medical communication, both for students and doctors. They occupy a unique middle ground between patients and physicians: although free from the prejudices that medical training brings, they work closely with clinical tutors to promote the princip...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.13547
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With a diverse language background profile in an Australian medical student population, teaching interventions are necessary for students whose English language proficiency is not adequate for the study of medicine. This paper describes the screening of written and aural English language proficiency in 143 first year ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1997.00674.x
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) skills tend to degrade over time. There is mounting evidence that high-fidelity simulation (HFS) is advantageous to teaching ACLS. The aspects of HFS that enhance learning are not entirely clear, but the anxiety generated by a scenario may enhance retention through well-e...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03775.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Trainees in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education engage in multiple transitions as part of the educational process, including many transitions that occur on both periodic and daily bases within medical education programmes. The clinical rotation, based on either a medical discipline or clinical care...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03847.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The findings of a survey of 3262 women doctors registered between 1945 and 1974 are reported. The results are based on 2433 returned questionnaires (75% response). The survey confirmed that the special forms of assistance provided to enable women doctors to continue training and to work after graduation are inadequate...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1979.tb01514.x
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Globally, people with the academic and personal attributes to successfully study medicine experience disadvantages associated with sociodemographic factors. Governments have attempted to address this issue via macrolevel policies aimed at widening participation (WP) to medicine. These policies differ by co...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.14442
更新日期：2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:British medical school teachers of medical statistics aspire to teach statistical concepts without requiring medical students to undertake every statistical technique in the book. In the typical course of 20 to 30 hours, about 50 topics are taught, usually requiring the student to perform a technique. In a survey of c...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1994.tb02686.x
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:There is a growing literature on diagnostic errors. The consensus of this literature is that most errors are cognitive and result from the application of one or more cognitive biases. Such biased reasoning is usually associated with 'System 1' (non-analytic, pattern recognition) thinking. METHODS:We review thi...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03507.x
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
