Abstract:
:Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a prognostic factor and a marker of deficient mismatch repair (MMR) in colorectal adenocarcinomas (CRC). However, a proper application of this marker requires understanding the following: (1) The MSI concept: The PCR approach must amplify the correct locus and accurately identify the microsatellite pattern in the patient's normal tissue. MSI is demonstrated when the length of DNA sequences in a tumor differs from that of nontumor tissue. Any anomalous expansion or reduction of tandem repeats results in extra-bands normally located in the expected size range (100 bp, above or below the expected product), differ from the germline pattern by some multiple of the repeating unit, and must show appropriate stutter. (2) MSI mechanisms: MMR gene inactivation (by either mutation or protein down-regulation as frequently present in deep CRC compartments) leads to mutation accumulation in a cell with every cellular division, resulting in malignant transformation. These mechanisms can express tumor progression and result in a decreased prevalence of aneuploid cells and loss of the physiologic cell kinetic correlations in the deep CRC compartments. MSI molecular mechanisms are not necessarily independent from chromosomal instability and may coexist in a given CRC. (3) Because of intratumoural heterogeneity, at least two samples from each CRC should be screened, preferably from the superficial (tumor cells above the muscularis propria) and deep (tumor cells infiltrating the muscularis propria) CRC compartments to cover the topographic tumor heterogeneity. (4) Pathologists play a critical role in identifying microsatellite-unstable CRC, such as occur in young patients with synchronous or metachronous tumors or with tumors showing classic histologic features. In these cases, MSI testing and/or MMR immunohistochemistry are advisable, along with gene sequencing and genetic counseling if appropriate. MSI is an excellent functional and prognostically useful marker, whereas MMR immunohistochemistry can guide gene sequencing.
journal_name
World J Gastroenteroljournal_title
World journal of gastroenterologyauthors
Blanes A,Diaz-Cano SJdoi
10.3748/wjg.v12.i37.5932subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-10-07 00:00:00pages
5932-40issue
37eissn
1007-9327issn
2219-2840journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:AIM:To elucidate cell proliferation in erosive reflux disease (ERD) and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), we evaluated markers in squamous epithelial cells. METHODS:Thirty-four consecutive patients with gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-related symptoms (21 NERD and 13 ERD) were evaluated for the enrolment into the stu...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i40.4496
更新日期:2011-10-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on rat septic shock with intraabdominal infection by E. coli and its possible mechanism. METHODS:76 SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly: control group (group C, n=16) without any special treatment, septic shock group (group S...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v8.i6.1134
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To study immune response induced by foreign plasmid DNA after oral administration in mice. METHODS:Mice were orally administered with 200 mug of plasmid pcDNA3 once and spleen was isolated 4 h and 18 h after administration. Total RNA was extracted from spleen and gene expression profile of BALB/c mice spleen was a...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i28.3847
更新日期:2007-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol consumption and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have a synergic hepatotoxic effect, and the coexistence of these factors increases the risk of advanced liver disease. The main mechanisms of this effect are increased viral replication and altered immune response, although genetic predisposition may also play ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i4.1411
更新日期:2016-01-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pit pattern classification using magnifying chromoendoscopy is the established method for diagnosing colorectal lesions. The Japan Narrow-band-imaging (NBI) Expert Team (JNET) classification is a novel NBI magnifying endoscopic classification that focuses on the vessel, and surface patterns. AIM:To determin...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i40.6279
更新日期:2020-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::We herein report a case of bronchial bleeding after radical esophagectomy that was treated with lobectomy. A 65-year-old male who underwent subtotal esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection for esophageal carcinoma was referred to our hospital because of sudden hemoptysis. After the esophagectomy, bilatera...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i11.3394
更新日期:2015-03-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Trace elements (TE) metabolism is altered in inflammatory bowel diseases. TE (zinc and copper) are constituents of antioxidant enzymes. Iron is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation. The aim was to evaluate zinc and copper status and the effects of iron manipulation in experimental colitis. METHODS:...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i28.4396
更新日期:2005-07-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the apoptotic effect of photoexcited titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanoparticles in the presence of visible light on human hepatoma cell line (Bel 7402) and to study the underlying mechanism. METHODS:Cerium-element-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles were prepared by impregnation method. Bel 7402 human...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i29.4011
更新日期:2007-08-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) represents the best therapeutic option to induce mucosal healing and clinical remission in patients with moderate-severe ulcerative colitis. On the other side gut microbiota plays a crucial role in pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis but few information exists on how microb...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v25.i12.1465
更新日期:2019-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::The normal esophageal mucosa creates a protective epithelial barrier that constrains the acidic reflux in the esophageal lumen. Microscopic findings and functional studies indicate that this barrier might be impaired in patients with non erosive reflux disease (NERD) but not in patients with functional heartburn (FH)....
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i19.5762
更新日期:2015-05-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To counteract/reveal celecoxib-induced toxicity and NO system involvement. METHODS:Celecoxib (1 g/kg b.w. ip) was combined with therapy with stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (known to inhibit these lesions, 10 μg/kg, 10 ng/kg, or 1 ng/kg ip) and L-arginine (100 mg/kg ip), as well as NOS blockade [N(G)-nitro...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i29.5304
更新日期:2017-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, progressive, cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrotic obliteration of the hepatic biliary tree. It is commonly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A number of complications can occur which require special consideration, the mo...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.14.3974
更新日期:2008-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::A 76-year-old woman with a 5-mo history of recurrent diarrhea and generalized edema was admitted to our hospital. Colonoscopy revealed edematous mucosa, and histopathological examination was compatible with collagenous colitis. Protein leakage from the colon, particularly in the ascending portion, was identified on 99...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.14.6083
更新日期:2008-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::In order to have an adequate view of the whole small intestine during capsule endoscopy, the preparation recommended consists of a clear liquid diet and an overnight fast. However, visualization of the small bowel during video capsule endoscopy can be impaired by intestinal contents. To improve mucosal visualization, ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.3748/wjg.14.5773
更新日期:2008-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the illegal blood donors (IBDs) of central China in the early 1990s. METHODS:A total of 546 blood samples were collected from the IBDs in Maanshan city, a questionnaire was completed by each subject, detailing the age, se...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v18.i9.986
更新日期:2012-03-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To establish a new, reliable vomit model of minks. METHODS:Adult male minks were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=6): cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) group, copper sulfate (40 mg/kg) intragastric injection (i.g.) group, apomorphine (1.6 mg/kg) subcutaneous injection (s.c.) group, and 18 Gy ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i8.1300
更新日期:2006-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::AIM:It is well known that colonoscopy can be difficult due to abdominal pain induced during colonoscope insertion, if sedative agents are not given. Recently, an extra-flexible, small-diameter colonoscope (CF-SV, Olympus Inc.Japan) was developed in order to improve safety and comfort. The aim of this study was to acce...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v6.i5.659
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microsomal glutathione transferase (MGST1, EC 2.5.1.18) is a membrane bound glutathione transferase extensively studied for its ability to detoxify reactive intermediates, including metabolic electrophile intermediates and lipophilic hydroperoxides through its glutathione dependent transferase and peroxidase activitie...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i20.2552
更新日期:2011-05-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the agreement and prognostic value of different measures of covert hepatic encephalopathy (CHE). METHODS:One-hundred-and-thirty-two cirrhotic outpatients underwent electroencephalography (EEG), paper-and-pencil psychometry (PHES) and critical flicker frequency, scored on the original/modified (CFFo/...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i42.15756
更新日期:2014-11-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the possible involvement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)-1(alpha)-hydroxylase [1alpha-25(OH) (2) D(3)] in butyrate-induced differentiation in human intestinal cell line Caco-2 cells. METHODS:Caco-2 cells were incubated either with 3 mmol/L butyrate and 1 micromol/L 25(OH) (2) D(3) or with 1 micromol/L 1al...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i45.7136
更新日期:2005-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To highlight the intestinal perforation (IP), an uncommon and catastrophic complication after combined liver-kidney transplantation. METHODS:Combined liver-kidney transplantation (LKTx) with left kidney excision and a cyst fenestration procedure on the right kidney were performed on a case of 46-year-old female wi...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v10.i18.2769
更新日期:2004-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition affecting 3%-25% of the general population. As no curative treatment is available, therapy is aimed at reducing symptoms, often with little success. Because alteration of the normal intestinal microflora has been observed in IBS, probiotics (beneficial microbes tak...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.14.2650
更新日期:2008-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Sorafenib is the current standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its efficacy is modest with low response rates and short response duration. Predictive biomarkers for sorafenib efficacy are necessary. However, efforts to determine biomarkers for sorafenib have led only to potential candidat...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i36.10336
更新日期:2015-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of hepatic choriocarcinoma in a man diagnosed at autopsy after a rapid downhill clinical course. The patient was a 49-year-old man who presented with acute right-sided abdominal pain. There were no masses palpable on physical examination. Radiographic findings showed large multi-nodular tumors mainly ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i48.9485
更新日期:2013-12-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To systematically investigate if cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathway may participate in dendroaspis natriuretic peptide (DNP)-induced relaxation of gastric circular smooth muscle. METHODS:The content of cGMP in guinea pig gastric antral smooth muscle tissue and perfusion solution were meas...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.14.5461
更新日期:2008-09-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the protective effects of preconditioning by alpha-lipoic acid (LA) in patients undergoing hepatic resection under inflow occlusion of the liver. METHODS:Twenty-four patients undergoing liver resection for various reasons either received 600 mg LA or NaCl 15 min before transection performed under inflo...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i42.6812
更新日期:2006-11-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To compare prevalence rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) between Hispanics of Mexican origin and Hispanics of Dominican and Puerto Rican origin. METHODS:We evaluated prevalence rates of NAFLD between the two largest sub-populations of Hispanics in the United States; Hispanics of Mexican origin and ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i17.4987
更新日期:2014-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To describe the bowel habits and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and to investigate the influence of health behavior and social factors on IBS prevalence in university students. METHODS:This cross-sectional study was conducted at five major universities in Greater Beirut and its suburbs, between F...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i12.3628
更新日期:2015-03-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the expression of programmed death (PD)-1, PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2 in liver tissues in the context of chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS:Liver biopsies and HCC specimens from patients were collected and histologically examined. The expression of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i28.3322
更新日期:2011-07-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To elucidate the relationship between the microvessel count (MVC) by CD34 analyzed by immunohistochemical method and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who underwent hepatectomy based on our preliminary study. METHODS:We examined relationships between MVC and clinicopathological factors in 128 HC...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.14.4915
更新日期:2008-08-21 00:00:00