Abstract:
:Pain management is a challenge when working with persons who have cognitive impairment that affects their ability to understand and communicate. This article focuses on pain assessment and treatment in persons who have dementia, but the challenges and principles are relevant to the spectrum of cognitive impairment. Fundamental principles guiding pain assessment and treatment in this population are (1) that behavioral disturbance is the result of an unmet need that causes discomfort, (2) that the behavioral disturbances that result from the unmet need of uncontrolled pain may be identical to those caused by other unmet needs (e.g., thirst, needing to toilet, understimulation, overstimulation, depression, psychosis, uncomfortable clothing), and therefore (3) that any pain treatment protocol for this population must target discomfort behaviors in general and then attempt to determine their causes. Pain assessment and treatment approaches based on these principles are outlined, and then two cases are presented to illustrate the application of these approaches.
journal_name
J Clin Psycholjournal_title
Journal of clinical psychologyauthors
Snow AL,Shuster JL Jrdoi
10.1002/jclp.20317subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-11-01 00:00:00pages
1379-87issue
11eissn
0021-9762issn
1097-4679journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This study compared MCMI and clinician Axis II diagnoses for DSM-III diagnostic categories. Subjects were 151 consecutively admitted inpatients at a private psychiatric hospital. The MCMI was administered to all subjects shortly after admission and shortly before discharge. MCMI diagnostic impressions for both admissi...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198709)43:5<478::aid-jclp2270430
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The interpersonal-psychological theory (IPT) of suicidal behavior suggests that an individual who does not feel they belong and believes they are a burden combined with the capability to attempt suicide is more likely to attempt suicide. The study aimed to investigate this hypothesis in the context of psycho...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.22233
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poor insight in psychosis has been described as a seeming lack of awareness of the deficits, consequences of the disorder, and of the need for treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate whether patients with auditory hallucinations have less insight than those without hallucinations, and to determine which hal...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.20799
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonverbal support seeking behavior of 11 mildly depressed patients was studied in relation to the nonverbal support giving behavior of a female interviewer. The patients were interviewed for 20 minutes during which the interviewer gave high and low nonverbal support for 10 minutes in a cross-over design. Different beh...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4679(199701)53:1<35::aid-jclp5>
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study focused on the frequency with which two MMPI-2 suicide items (506 and 520) were endorsed. These two items can be referred to as the "I Mean Business" items, for there is no denying that the client is reporting the recent contemplation of actively taking his or her life. A large sample (N = 23,646) of well-d...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4679(199909)55:9<1167::aid-jclp
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compared five aspects of generalized expectations (internality, powerful others external control orientation, change control orientation, hopelessness, and machiavellianism) of alcoholics and nonalcoholics. Ss tested were 56 nonalcoholics and 50 alcoholics just starting a treatment (middle socioeconomic class). Data a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198010)36:4<1022::aid-jclp227036
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research indicates that many brain-damage screening tests lack the ability to separate organic from functional patients at a satisfactory level. However, the Smith Symbol-Digit Modalities Test, the Benton Visual Retention Test, the Background Interference Procedure variation of the Minnesota Percepto-Diagnost...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198104)37:2<347::aid-jclp2270370
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is no specific self-efficacy measure that has been developed primarily for problem drinkers seeking a moderation drinking goal. In this article, we report the factor structure of a 20-item Controlled Drinking Self-Efficacy Scale (CDSES; Sitharthan et al., 1996; Sitharthan et al., 1997). The results indicate that...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.10127
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) to improve both short- and long-term outcomes in both uncomplicated and comorbid insomnia patients has been repeatedly and conclusively demonstrated. Further demonstrations of efficacy, per se, in additional comorbid insomnia populations are likely not ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.21948
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cluster analysis was performed on data collected from six different groups, one of controls and five of various patient groups. The analysis produced two clusters of items that differentiated groups at significant levels. The schizophrenic group, in particular, showed very high levels of significance when compared w...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197507)31:3<419::aid-jclp2270310
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Examined the effects of a training program for counselors and therapists based upon configurations of (a) systematic human relations training; (b) cognitive restructuring of counselor beliefs; and (c) systematic performance feedback. Criterion measures consisted of post vs. pre-gain scores on selected scales of the Pe...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197804)34:2<494::aid-jclp2270340
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of the investigation were to draw attention to systematic scale score discrepancies between Forms A and B of the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), to suggest that these discrepancies might be mediated by acquiesence response set (ARS), and to provide reliability estimates for ARS and lie scale scores. Evid...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197701)33:1+<147::aid-jclp227033
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excessive and potentially addictive use of the Internet among children and adolescents has emerged as a major concern in recent times. Internet addiction is often conceptualized as an impulse control disorder, with features similar to pathological gambling. However, there remains considerable debate about the core com...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.21918
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although clinical theories suggest that people with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) experience a confused sense of self, little empirical research has directly examined the self in BPD (Heard & Linehan, 1993; Westen & Cohen, 1993). In this study, 43 female participants, 15 with BPD and 28 without BPD, completed ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.20230
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the predictive value of cognitive coping strategies at pretreatment and the value of changes in these strategies during cognitive-behavioral treatment for aviophobia for long-term therapy results. METHOD:Data from baseline, after therapy at 2 months, short-term follow-up at 5 months, and long-term...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.22424
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationships between two of Cattell's second-stratum factors, Cortertia and Temperamental Independence, and WAIS scores were investigated for 122 men and 127 women. For men, both Cortertia and Temperamental Independence were related significantly to WAIS scores. For women, Temperamental Independence, but not Cort...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197604)32:2<349::aid-jclp2270320
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studied the correlations of alpha, beta and theta time densities with psychological and psychophysiological variables in a psychiatric population (N = 76). The correlations of the EEG variables with measures of adjustment were small and barely exceeded chance expectations. Alpha and beta were correlated positively wit...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Examined the WISC-R profiles of learning-disabled children from the Papago culture. A sample of 46 Papagos diagnosed as learning disabled were used in the study. Recategorized scores were subjected to 1 X 3 repeated measures ANOVA, and the differences between mean categorized scores were analyzed by Newman-Keuls tests...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198411)40:6<1489::aid-jclp227040
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessed the efficacy of the Whitaker Index of Schizophrenic Thinking, Form A, in differentiating schizophrenics with and without brain damage. Two groups of 26 state hospital residents each were selected on the basis of evidence of schizophrenia and (or lack of evidence) of brain damage. Results indicated that at lea...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198107)37:3<464::aid-jclp2270370
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Threatened Ss in five stress groups with electric shock, while Ss in a sixth group were not threatened. In one of the stress groups Ss were encouraged to project causality for their feelings that resulted from the threat of shock to the E instead of to the shock, while Ss in the remaining stress groups were not encour...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197801)34:1<200::aid-jclp2270340
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the relationship among psychopathology, intelligence and the simulation of psychopathological roles. The 132 Ss were 48 inpatients, 48 outpatients, and 36 nonprofessional employees. Each S simulated the MMPI profile of an anxiety neurotic, psychopathic deviate, or paranoid schizophrenic. Their ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Birth patterns of non-aboriginal, first admission, Western Australian psychiatric patients born between 1920 and 1950 were compared statistically with those of the general population. Three I. C. D. categories were examined: schizophrenia, anxiety neurosis, and depressive neurosis. For both categories of neurosis no d...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197807)34:3<633::aid-jclp2270340
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE(S):The metacognitive model suggests that beliefs about cognition maintain repetitive negative thinking (RNT), a transdiagnostic process that underlies commonly comorbid, emotional disorders. To date, there has been the limited application of metacognitive therapy (MCT) to adolescents. This study aimed to eval...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.22914
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This case report is a shared, compassion-focused therapy account between a therapist and someone with a 20-year history of schizophrenia. It shows the usefulness of compassion in facilitating the courage to address the worst symptoms of psychosis. It does this by promoting a mindfulness of mind and emotional regulatio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.22251
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tested male Ss (N = 34) to determine how changes in the urinary excretion patterns of selected catecholamines and their metabolites affect the multivariate relationships involving variables that measure physical fitness condition and selected personality characteristics. Urine specimens were collected from each S afte...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198411)40:6<1308::aid-jclp227040
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article introduces an issue of the Journal of Clinical Psychology:In Session devoted to treatment failures in psychotherapy. In contrast to recent attention from the research perspective and cognitive-behavioral orientation, this issue focuses on clinical material from multiple theoretical perspectives. This arti...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type:
doi:10.1002/jclp.20858
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to identify juvenile delinquent boys who had low social self-concepts as measured by the Tennessee Self Concept Scale (TSCS) and to enhance their self-concepts through a program of photographic feedback of successful social interactions. A total of 30 Ss engaged in social interactions each week...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197707)33:3<833::aid-jclp2270330
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interrelationship between the theoretically related constructs of anger and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms was examined in a group of 42 combat veterans with PTSD using a multimeasure assessment strategy. Scores on several anger measures were found to be quite high in this sample and were significan...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4679(199712)53:8<871::aid-jclp1
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Researchers have reported conflicting conclusions about the relation of the MMPI (MMPI-2) clinical scale elevations and race. Consequently, this study examined the concurrent validity of the MMPI-2 in evaluating African-American females. Seventy-eight (78) African American college student volunteers were administered ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199607)52:4<437::AID-JCLP8
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study tested the diathesis-stress component of Beck's (1967) cognitive theory of depression. Initially, participants completed measures assessing cognitive organization of the self-schema and depressive symptoms. One year later, participants completed measures assessing cognitive organization of the self-schema, ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jclp.20723
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00