Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In many cases, the specific pathogen responsible for a respiratory infection is not identified and can lead to improper medical treatment, increased duration of illness, and possibly contributes to the development of antibiotic resistance. Molecular-based diagnostic methodologies have significantly improved our ability to identify common respiratory pathogens; these techniques are not useful, however, when a novel pathogen is responsible for the infection and clinicians must rely on differential diagnosis for the treatment of patients. RECENT FINDINGS:New pathogens previously not associated with human infections have been identified in the past few years. In addition, new strains of bacteria and viruses have emerged as the causative agents of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress. Protozoans and saprophytic fungi, which are not normally associated with respiratory infection, have also emerged as respiratory pathogens particularly in individuals with AIDS or in those who are otherwise immunocompromised. SUMMARY:This review discusses the recent literature on newly described respiratory pathogens as well as opportunistic pathogens that can infect the respiratory system of immunocompromised individuals. The studies referenced here reveal the need for expanded laboratory tests and highly trained microbiologists in clinical laboratories worldwide.
journal_name
Curr Opin Pulm Medjournal_title
Current opinion in pulmonary medicineauthors
Lednicky JA,Rayner JOdoi
10.1097/01.mcp.0000219274.65557.dckeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-05-01 00:00:00pages
235-9issue
3eissn
1070-5287issn
1531-6971pii
00063198-200605000-00013journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Pulmonary fibrosis is a reparative response characterized by accumulation of extracellular matrix in the lung parenchyma that may be observed in end-stage sarcoidosis. This article will discuss the recent advancements in the understanding of the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis in sarcoidosis in com...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283486d52
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review recently published literature on behavioral aspects of asthma, including program descriptions, reviews, and original research reports. Most of the literature on behavioral aspects of asthma has been in the area of self-management, including education, medication use, and peak flow monitoring. Recent studies ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) poses a common and significant clinical problem. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood and therapeutic options are limited. Herein are summarized animal models of MPE and their contributions in unveiling new aspects of the pathobiology of the condition. RECENT FINDING...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32832af07c
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is a common complication of cystic fibrosis. Because it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, prompt diagnosis and aggressive management of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes is important. The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation held a consensus conference in 1998 to define the standards of care for pati...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00063198-199911000-00010
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Large, recurrent pleural effusions in systemic amyloidoses are rare but clinically challenging events predominantly affecting patients with primary systemic amyloidosis. Examining the mechanisms by which these effusions form and persist offers perspective on the pathophysiology and basis for therapeut...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mcp.0000162378.35928.37
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The Burkholderia cepacia complex is comprised of a group of related bacterial species that are capable of causing life-threatening respiratory tract infection in persons with cystic fibrosis. This article reviews advances in our understanding of Burkholderia cepacia complex infection in cystic fibrosi...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mcp.0000181475.85187.ed
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) can occur in patients who are suffering from diffuse lung disease. The main cause of SSP is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In contrast to primary spontaneous pneumothorax, SSP is a potentially life-threatening condition because patients with SSP ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833a3d96
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Food allergy associated clinical and social burdens have increased substantially in prevalence in the past decade. Coexisting asthma is a significant problem as food reactions tend to be more severe when they involve the lung. Food allergy also increases asthma morbidity in adults and children. RECEN...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e3282f1981c
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review highlights recent data detailing the prevalence and characteristics of pleural effusions occurring in patients with superior vena cava syndrome. RECENT FINDINGS:Numerous case reports have described pleural effusions in conjunction with the superior vena cava syndrome. Recent data suggest ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32812144aa
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Respiratory tract infections are a common reason for prescribing antibiotics, although not all of these infections require such therapy. Rapid diagnosis of etiology using point-of-care tests is a potentially useful way of reducing prescriptions of both unnecessary and unnecessarily broad-spectrum anti...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e3282f7642f
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Control of tuberculosis necessitates prompt diagnosis and access to effective treatment. We discuss the impact of a new nucleic acid amplification test to assist diagnosis and detect rifampicin resistance. Following encouraging clinical performance studies, an automated PCR-based test, the Xpert MTB/R...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000161
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Adherence to asthma therapies is poor leading to unnecessary morbidity and increased use of emergency and hospital resources. Strategies to improve adherence have not been successful. RECENT FINDINGS:Asthma adherence disease management is a clinical method to improve adherence for asthma patients. Th...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000128
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The current research is focused on identifying the common and disparate events involved in epigenetic modifications that concurrently occur during the pathogenesis of COPD and lung...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283477533
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staging of sarcoidosis needs a synthesis of clinical features, histology, radiology, biochemical changes, and immunologic aberrations to distinguish this disease from nonspecific sarcoid-tissue reactions. The main aim of this report is to offer readers an overview on immunologic markers that have been evaluated in the...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00063198-200209000-00017
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease including hypertension, angina, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Neurohumoral and hemodynamic responses to untreated sleep apnea are likely mechanisms that produce functional and structural changes within the cardiovascul...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00063198-200211000-00006
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Asthma is a heterogeneous disorder presenting with many phenotypes. Precise phenotypic definition has eluded the medical research community for years, despite recognition of different disease subtypes. Improved phenotypic characterization and knowledge of underlying pathobiology is necessary for linka...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e328011b84b
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Survival for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) continues to improve. The proportion of CF patients over the age of 18 years is nearly 50%, and care providers will need to better understand this patient population. Despite these improvements, young females continue to have a worse prognosis and lower ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e328365af49
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is increasingly clear that asthma is not a single disease, but a disorder with vast heterogeneity in pathogenesis, severity, and treatment response. In this review, we discuss the present understanding of different asthma phenotypes and endotypes, and the prospects of personalized medicine for asth...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32835b10ec
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex genetic disease affecting many organs, although 85% of the mortality is a result of lung disease. The natural history of the lung disease consists of early and persistent infection, an exaggerated inflammatory response, structural airway changes (i.e. bronchiectasis),...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e328345e1f8
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) can be challenging, and a substantial percentage of ILD patients remain unclassifiable even after thorough assessment by an experienced multidisciplinary team. In this review, we summarize the recent literature on the definition, prevalence, diag...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000509
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common infectious disease cause of death. We summarize recent findings regarding the epidemiology of CAP in adults, efficacy of vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae, diagnostics, and discuss the current controversy between CAP and healthcare-associat...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000150
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review examines the associations between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and renal and hepatobiliary diseases, with emphasis on the epidemiology and clinical outcomes, along with current information on pathophysiologic mechanisms and risk factors. RECENT FINDINGS:Glomerular filtrati...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000024
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Symptoms of anxiety and depression are prevalent in at least 20-40% of patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are known to affect prognosis and worsen quality of life. This review examines whether pulmonary rehabilitation can effectively improve psychological...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283218318
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Nuclear medicine techniques have the capacity to investigate neuronal dysfunction at the synapse level. For instance, metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) shows a similar uptake, storage and release as norepinephrine. Intravenously injected radiolabeled MIBG is able to reflect neuronal damage induced by inf...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833b1e1f
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Malignant pleural effusion is a common cause of breathlessness and signifies advanced disease. Common options for definitive pleural intervention include insertion of an indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) or talc pleurodesis. RECENT FINDINGS:Administration of graded talc through an IPC offers an incre...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000587
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review examines the current reports, the evidence and the issues surrounding the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in both the acute and domiciliary setting. RECENT FINDINGS:With the increasing use of NIV, more recent studies ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283659e4c
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To discuss the current use of oral corticosteroids (OCS) as a chronic treatment in patients with severe asthma and as a rescue treatment for patients presenting with acute exacerbations. RECENT FINDINGS:Airways disease is responsible for the bulk of OCS use in the community and considerable OCS-assoc...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000541
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To discuss pros and cons of anticoagulant treatment in the presence of symptomatic distal deep vein thrombosis. RECENT FINDINGS:Available data are responsible for a lack of consensus regarding treatment of distal deep vein thrombosis. SUMMARY:One standard diagnostic approach of suspected deep vein t...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0b013e32830460ea
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Pleural effusions are a common finding in the nearly six million Americans diagnosed with heart failure. This review focuses on the historical, present and potential future trends in the management of such benign pleural effusions. RECENT FINDINGS:The management of symptomatic pleural effusions, in g...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000176
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neurotrophins are a family of peptides that promote survival, growth, and differentiation of neurons. Neurotrophins may also influence the function of nonneuronal cell types, including immune cells. The development and maintenance of asthma is thought to involve the nervous system and the immune system, but the ro...
journal_title:Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00063198-200101000-00001
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00