Abstract：
:Biological soil crust is composed of lichens, cyanobacteria, green algae, mosses, and fungi. Although crusts are a dominant source of nitrogen (N) in arid ecosystems, this study is among the first to demonstrate their contribution to N availability in xeric temperate habitats. The study site is located in Lucas County of Northwest Ohio. Using an acetylene reduction technique, we demonstrated potential N fixation for these crusts covering sandy, acidic, low N soil. Similar fixation rates were observed for crust whether dominated by moss, lichen, or bare soil. N inputs from biological crusts in northwestern Ohio are comparable to those in arid regions, but contribute substantially less N than by atmospheric deposition. Nitrate and ammonium leaching from the crust layer were quantified using ion exchange resin bags inserted within intact soil cores at 4 cm depth. Leaching of ammonium was greater and nitrate less in lichen than moss crusts or bare soil, and was less than that deposited from atmospheric sources. Therefore, biological crusts in these mesic, temperate soils may be immobilizing excess ammonium and nitrate that would otherwise be leached through the sandy soil. Moreover, automated monitoring of microclimate in the surface 7 cm of soil suggests that moisture and temperature fluctuations in soil are moderated under crust compared to bare soil without crust. We conclude that biological crusts in northwestern Ohio contribute potential N fixation, reduce N leaching, and moderate soil microclimate.
journal_name
Microb Ecoljournal_title
Microbial ecologyauthors
Veluci RM,Neher DA,Weicht TRdoi
10.1007/s00248-005-0121-3keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-02-01 00:00:00pages
189-96issue
2eissn
0095-3628issn
1432-184Xjournal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Qualitative and quantitative investigations were made on the luminous bacteria associated with the gut of pond cultured milk fishChanos chanos. Significant differences in luminous bacterial numbers were found between gut and pond water and between gut and pond sediment, but not between pond water and sediment. No sign...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02011207
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relative amounts of hyphal inoculum in forest soils may determine the capacity for fungi to compete with and replace early colonizers of wood in ground contact. Our aim in this study was to test the flexibility of priority effects (colonization timing) by varying the timing of inoculum introduction (i.e., precolon...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-015-0588-5
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For most mammals, including nonhuman primates, diet composition varies temporally in response to differences in food availability. Because diet influences gut microbiota composition, it is likely that the gut microbiota of wild mammals varies in response to seasonal changes in feeding patterns. Such variation may affe...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-014-0554-7
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With this study, we present first data on the diversity of aerobic methanotrophic bacteria (MOB) in an Arctic permafrost active layer soil of the Lena Delta, Siberia. Applying denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and cloning of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) and pmoA gene fragments of active layer samples, w...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-008-9411-x
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles of soil microbial communities were determined in relation to the patterns of tree cover in a mature Norway spruce plantation. Replicate samples of the surface organic layers were taken close to the trunk, at 1 m and at 2 m (under the edge of the canopy) beneath five trees. S...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-001-0006-z
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Denitrifying bacteria is a driver of nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment ecosystem. However, the geographical characteristics of denitrifying bacterial communities associated with activated sludge from diverse wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are still unclear. Here, quantitative PCR and next-generatio...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-018-1236-7
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two areas of Chesapeake Bay, Colgate Creek in Baltimore Harbor and Eastern Bay, are presently under study, with routine sampling of water and sediment for petroleum-degrading microorganisms (bacteria, yeasts, and fungi) by direct plating and enrichment culture. Selected physical and chemical parameters are recorded fo...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02512380
更新日期：1974-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arkashin Schurf (Arkashin) and Zavarzin Spring (Zavarzin), two active thermal pools in the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Russia, were studied for geochemical and microbiological characterization. Arkashin, the smaller of the two pools, had broader temperature and pH ranges, and the sediments had higher concentrations of to...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-011-9979-4
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dermis of cetaceans is in constant contact with microbial species. Although the skin of the bottlenose dolphin provides adequate defense against most disease-causing microbes, it also provides an environment for microbial community development. Microbial community uniqueness and richness associated with bottlenose...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-017-1071-2
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Red clay was previously used to enhance bioremediation of diesel-contaminated soil. It was speculated that the enhanced degradation of diesel was due to increased bacterial growth. In this study, we selected Acinetobacter oleivorans DR1, a soil-borne degrader of diesel and alkanes, as a model bacterium and performed t...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-015-0624-5
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thymidine and leucine incorporation into macromolecules of soil bacteria extracted by homogenization-centrifugation were measured after size-fractionation of the bacterial suspension through different sized filters (1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4 μm). The specific thymidine incorporation rate was highest for the unfiltered and 1....
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00182410
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dynamics of a marine virus-host system were investigated at different steady state growth rates in chemostat cultures and the data were analyzed using a simple model. The virus-host interactions showed strong dependence on host cell growth rate. The duration of the infection cycle and the virus burst size were fou...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002480000050
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The occurrence of hypolithic cyanobacteria colonizing translucent stones was quantified along the aridity gradient in the Atacama Desert in Chile, from less arid areas to the hyperarid core where photosynthetic life and thus primary production reach their limits. As mean rainfall declines from 21 to journal_title：Microbial ecology pub_type： 杂志文章 doi：10.1007/s00248-006-9055-7 更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The detrital food web is a major nexus of energy flow in nearly all aquatic ecosystems. Energy enters this nexus by microbial assimilation of detrital carbon. To link microbiological variables with ecosystem process, it is necessary to understand the regulatory hierarchy that controls the distribution of microbial bio...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00172569
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The muramic acid (MurA) assay is a powerful tool for the detection and quantification of bacteria with no need to enrich samples by culturing. However, the analysis of MurA in mixed biological and environmental matrices is potentially more complex than analysis in isolated bacterial cells. In this study, we employed o...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-008-9406-7
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial populations association with phytoplankton cultures used as food for bivalve larvae were enumerated and identified from their partial 16S rDNA gene sequences. Microalgae were provided from different European hatcheries during the larval production season. Average concentration (direct counts) of bacteria ran...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-003-2031-6
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thymidine incorporation into DNA is widely used to estimate rates of bacterial growth and secondary production in aquatic systems. The procedure requires the use of several conversion factors and assumptions to convert rates of thymidine uptake to rates of carbon production. Perhaps the most controversial of the conve...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00177190
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial respiration contributes to atmospheric carbon dioxide accumulation and development of hypoxia and is a critical, often overlooked, component of ecosystem function. This study investigates the concept that maintenance respiration is a significant proportion of bacterial respiration at natural nutrient levels ...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-018-1244-7
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aquatic ecosystems worldwide have been substantially altered by human activities, which often induce changes in multiple factors that can interact to produce complex effects. Here, we evaluated the combined effects of dissolved nutrients (nitrogen [N] and phosphorus [P]; three levels: concentration found in oligotroph...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-017-1099-3
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is one of the most important macromolecules in the cell. It is well established that high-temperature environmental conditions destabilize rRNA, leading to a selection for G+C-rich stabilizing structures. Our knowledge about the nucleotide composition effect of other environmental conditions, howe...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-008-9446-z
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The haptophyte Prymnesium parvum has lytic properties, and it affects coexisting phytoplankton species through allelopathy. We studied the effect of P. parvum allelochemicals on the lysis of the nontoxic and nonaxenic cryptomonad Rhodomonas salina and the consequent release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Changes i...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-006-9188-8
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soil microbial communities follow distinct seasonal cycles which result in drastic changes in processes involving soil nutrient availability. The biomass of fungi has been reported to be highest during winter, but is fungal growth really occurring in frozen soil? And what is the effect of plant cover on biomass format...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-011-0001-y
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The persistence and interaction between newly isolated strains ofPseudomonas aeruginosa and resident bacteriophages indigenous to a freshwater environment was monitored over 45 days in lake water microcosms. The interaction between susceptible and resistant bacteria with pure phage (UT1) particles or a mixed phage pop...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02012098
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alterations in microbial community composition, biomass, and function in the Florida Everglades impacted by cultural eutrophication reflect a new physicochemical environment associated with monotypic stands of Typha domingensis. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers were used to quantify microbial responses in det...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-012-0090-2
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the rules that govern the successions of gut microbiota is prerequisite for testing general ecological theories and sustaining a desirable microbiota. However, the ignorance of microeukaryotes raises the question of whether gut microeukaryotes are assembled according to the same rules as bacteria. We tra...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-020-01533-6
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selective nucleic acid intercalating dyes--ethidium monoazide (EMA) and propidium monoazide (PMA)--represent one of the most successful recent approaches to detect viable cells (as defined by an intact cell membrane) by PCR and have been effectively evaluated in different microorganisms. However, some practical limita...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-010-9719-1
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ammonia oxidation has been intensively studied for its sensitivity to environmental shifts and stresses. However, acute stress effects on the occurrence and composition of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) based on expression of related molecular markers in complex soil environments have been to an ex...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-012-0081-3
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several Mesorhizobium species are able to induce effective nodules in chickpea, one of the most important legumes worldwide. Our aims were to examine the biogeography of chickpea rhizobia, to search for a predominant species, and to identify the most efficient microsymbiont, considering Portugal as a case study. One h...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-009-9536-6
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitrogen fixation (C2H2 reduction) by epiphylls on coffee,Coffea arabica, grown in sites with different degrees of shade, was determined. Coffee leaves with nitrogen-fixing epiphylls were found in all sites in approximately equal numbers. Rates of C2H2 reduction were similar for all sites and throughout the year, aver...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02010497
更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nutrient or niche-based competition among bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the natural environment. Such interspecies interactions are often mediated by secreted soluble factors and/or direct cell-cell contact. As ubiquitous soil bacteria, Myxococcus species are able to produce a variety of bioactive secondary m...
journal_title：Microbial ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00248-013-0252-x
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
