Abstract：
:The cough reflex pathway is characterized by a remarkable plasticity often resulting in a persistent and uncontrollable urge to cough during airway inflammation. In many instances cough becomes up regulated to the extent that ceases to fulfill its defensive role in protecting the airways. The exact mechanisms underlying this plasticity are unknown and likely involves a variety of factors influencing the function of the peripheral and central nervous system. This review outlines the evidence of increased cough sensitivity during airway disease. This is followed by a discussion of the peripheral mechanisms involved including the potential role of inflammatory mediators, neutrophins and changes in the airway mucosal structure. A greater understanding of the mechanisms leading to enhanced cough should lead to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.
journal_name
Respir Physiol Neurobioljournal_title
Respiratory physiology & neurobiologyauthors
Carr MJ,Lee LYdoi
10.1016/j.resp.2005.11.003keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-07-28 00:00:00pages
298-311issue
3eissn
1569-9048issn
1878-1519pii
S1569-9048(05)00274-0journal_volume
152pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:It has been more than thirty years since the in vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparation was first presented as a method to study automatic breathing behaviors in the neonatal rat. This straightforward preparation has led to an incredible burst of information about the location and coordination of several spontaneously...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2015.08.007
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to tobacco smoke is a major risk factor for the sudden infant death syndrome. Nicotine is thought to be the ingredient in tobacco smoke that is responsible for a multitude of cardiorespiratory effects during development, and pre- rather than postnatal exposure is considered to be most detrimental. Nicotine in...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2005.05.004
更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin (EPO) exert neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects in the CNS. We recently demonstrated that VEGF, EPO and their receptors (VEGF-R2, EPO-R) are expressed in phrenic motor neurons, and that cervical spinal VEGF-R2 and EPO-R activation elicit long-lasting ph...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2012.10.014
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our aim was to observe the induction of panic attacks (PA) symptoms by a breath-hold test in panic disorder (PD) patients as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders 4th edition (DSM-IV) and their healthy first-degree relatives. We randomly selected 26 PD patients, 28 healthy first-degree relatives o...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1569-9048(02)00149-0
更新日期：2002-10-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Resting lung diffusing capacity (DLCO) decreases during the early and late-follicular phases of the menstrual cycle presumably due to capillary blood volume (VC) changes; however, it is not known if these differences exist during exercise. We hypothesized that DLCO would increase during the mid-luteal phase of the men...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2014.10.014
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ratio of the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and for nitric oxide (DLNO) measured simultaneously is modified in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH). The potential impact of targeted therapy on the DLCO/DLNO ratio is unknown. Simultaneous measurements of DLNO and DLCO we...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2020.103467
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulatory effect of substance P on respiration is mediated via neurokinin (NK) receptors. While previous studies suggest that NK-1 receptors are involved, little is known about the role NK-2 receptors in ventilatory responses to hypoxia. Ventilatory responses to acute hypoxia (8% O2 in N2) were measured by indire...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2007.07.012
更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma independently increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. As inhaled β-agonists have systemic cardiovascular effects, and elevations in arterial stiffness and sympathetic nerve activity are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity/mortality, this study examines the effect of salbutamol us...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2016.05.014
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While a large surface area combined with short diffusion distances make fish gills well suited for gas exchange, these properties leads to costly water and ion fluxes and exposure to toxic substances and pathogens. Thus, gill morphology is likely to be a compromise between opposing demands. It has become clear that so...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2006.02.006
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Whether the specific blood transfer conductance for nitric oxide (NO) with hemoglobin (θNO) is finite or infinite is controversial but important in the calculation of alveolar capillary membrane conductance (DmCO) and pulmonary capillary blood volume (VC) from values of lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLC...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2016.12.007
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, inspiratory activation (IA) of lingual muscles protects the upper airway from collapse. We aimed to determine when rats' lingual muscles exhibit IA. In 5 Sprague-Dawley and 3 Wistar rats, we monitored cortical EEG and lingual, diaphragmatic and nuchal electromyograms (EMGs), ...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2013.05.033
更新日期：2013-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Bronchoaspiration results in local deterioration of lung function through direct damage and/or indirect systemic effects related to neurohumoral pathways. We distinguished these effects by selectively intubating the two main bronchi in pigs while a PEEP of 4 or 10cm H2O was maintained. Gastric juice was instilled only...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2014.05.001
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The adult elephant is unique among mammals in that the pleural membranes are thickened and the pleural cavity is obliterated by connective tissue. It has been suggested that this peculiar anatomy developed because the animal can snorkel at depth, and this behavior subjects the microvessels in the parietal pleura to a ...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1569-9048(03)00199-x
更新日期：2003-11-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Quality of life and prognosis of patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (MD1) often depend on the degree of lung function impairment. This study was designed to assess the respective prevalence of ventilatory restriction, hypoxaemia and hypercapnia in MD1 patients and to determine whether postural changes in lung fun...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2014.01.006
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This investigation examined the effects of a six-week inspiratory resistance training (IRT) on metabolic health biomarkers, pulmonary function, and endurance in obese individuals. Twenty-eight obese adults (BMI > 27 kg/m2 Taiwan obesity criteria) were randomly assigned to either IRT (IRT; N = 16) or sham control (PLA;...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2019.103285
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our primary hypothesis was that the acute ventilatory response to carbon dioxide in the presence of sustained hypoxia {VRCO2 (hypoxia)} or hyperoxia {VRCO2 (hyperoxia)} would increase in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after exposure to episodic hypoxia. Secondarily, we hypothesized that chronic (i.e. year...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2005.04.019
更新日期：2006-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary mechanics [static (Est) and dynamic (Edyn) elastances, resistive (DeltaP1) and viscoelastic pressures (DeltaP2)], histology, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from BALB/c mice were analysed 1, 24, 48 and 72 h after intravenous injection of saline or Bothrops jararaca crude venom [0.3 (V0.3) or 1 (V1) m...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2003.10.002
更新日期：2004-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently, surface EMG of parasternal intercostal muscle has been incorporated in the "ERS Statement of Respiratory Muscle Testing" as a clinical technique to monitor the neural respiratory drive (NRD). However, the anatomy of the parasternal muscle risks confounding EMG "crosstalk" activity from neighboring ...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2020.103572
更新日期：2020-11-05 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the occurrence of tidal expiratory flow limitation (EFL) and/or dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation (DH) in chronic heart failure (CHF) during exercise 15 patients with stable systolic CHF, aged 69 ± 6yr, underwent pulmonary function testing and incremental cardio-pulmonary exercise testing. They subsequently p...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2013.06.017
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dyspnoea, the perception of an unpleasant and/or uncomfortable sensation of breathlessness, offers several physiological, anatomical and teleological analogies with pain. Pain perception has been shown to exist in the newborn, suggesting that dyspnoea may also occur from birth onwards. The perception of breathlessness...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 社论,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2008.12.001
更新日期：2009-05-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The comparatively low compliance of the mammalian lung results in an evolutionary dilemma: the origin and evolution of this bronchoalveolar lung into a high-performance gas-exchange organ results in a high work of breathing that cannot be achieved without the coupled evolution of a muscular diaphragm. However, despite...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2010.01.004
更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously showed that nasal pressure support ventilation (nPSV) can lead to active inspiratory laryngeal narrowing, which originates from the stimulation of bronchopulmonary receptors. Among the three major types of bronchopulmonary receptors, which are variably stimulated by lung distension, C-fiber endings are r...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2014.07.014
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (MIP) is a common measurement of inspiratory muscle strength, which is often used in a variety of exercises to evaluate the effects of inspiratory muscle training. An understanding of elite athletes' MIP characteristics is needed to guide sport-specific inspiratory muscle training pr...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2016.05.004
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stimuli within the lung can cause the sensations of pain, ache, irritation and urge-to-cough. In general these are abolished or inhibited by vagal section or vagal anaesthesia, or local anaesthesia within the airways. They are present in patients with functional high cervical spinal cord transaction and after general ...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 社论,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2008.09.012
更新日期：2009-05-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal development of the lung requires coordinated activation of cascades of signaling pathways initiated by growth factors signaling through their receptors. TrkB and its ligands, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4, belong to the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which are expressed in ...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2009.06.001
更新日期：2009-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Lung ventilation is a mechanical process in which the respiratory muscles are acting in concert to remove air in and out of the lungs. Any alteration in the performance of the respiratory muscle may reduce the effectiveness of ventilation. Thus, early diagnosis of their weakness is vital for treatment and rehabilitati...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2008.04.019
更新日期：2008-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetylcholine (ACh) acting through muscarinic receptors is thought to be involved in the control of breathing, notably in central and peripheral chemosensory afferents and in regulations related to sleep-wake states. By using whole-body plethysmography, we compared baseline breathing at rest and ventilatory responses ...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2003.10.006
更新日期：2004-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:In response to the increase in oxygen tension at birth, the resistance pulmonary arteries dilate, while the ductus arteriosus constricts. Although modulated by the endothelium, these opposite responses are intrinsic to the vascular smooth muscle. While still controversial, it seems likely that during normoxia the prod...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1569-9048(02)00054-x
更新日期：2002-08-22 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to determine whether the route of administration of methacholine (MCh) influenced the pattern of airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in mice. BALB/c mice were inoculated with a 50-microL volume containing 10(4.5)-pfu Influenza virus A/Mem/1/71(H3N1) or media. MCh responsiveness in vivo [inhaled (0.01-30...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2008.06.011
更新日期：2008-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:GABA and adenosine contribute to respiratory inhibition in early postnatal life. In this study the adenosine A2A receptor agonist CGS21680 was used to evaluate adenosine receptor specificity and the interrelation of adenosine and GABA in the inhibition of inspiratory drive. In neonatal piglets (n = 10), CGS21680 was i...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2004.04.012
更新日期：2004-07-20 00:00:00
