Abstract:
:The Liverpool Lung Project (LLP) is being conducted within a defined geographic area of Merseyside, based on contiguous districts with a high incidence of lung cancer. As well as increasing the scientific understanding of the interactions between the different risk factors for lung cancer, the LLP aims to develop a model which predicts lung cancer risk from an extensive record of epidemiological risk factors, molecular/genetic risk factors and from changes in molecular biomarkers, which maybe used in early detection programmes. The LLP has two components: Firstly, a case-control study of 800 newly diagnosed cases of lung cancer matched 2:1 for age (+/-2 years) and gender will facilitate the development of the molecular genetic and epidemiological model to assess an individual's risk of developing lung cancer. Secondly, a prospective cohort study will recruit 7,500 individuals to identify markers of pre-clinical carcinogenesis in a high-risk population and validate and strengthen the molecular genetic and epidemiological risk assessment model. Structured questionnaires collect detailed information on lifestyle factors (active and passive smoking, medical history, family cancer history, occupation, residence and diet) over the whole life course. Collection of biological specimens includes blood, sputum, bronchial lavage, oral scrapes and tumour. Cohort study subjects will be followed up over a 10-year period. In addition, serial biological samples (blood and induced sputum) will be collected from a high-risk subgroup of the cohort. The LLP protocol provides detailed information on the study design and analysis strategy, together with the informed consent documentation and the LLP lifestyle questionnaire. Conclusions from the LLP programme will be based around epidemiological and genotyping risk assessment models enabling us to identify high-risk populations, and will ultimately contribute to, and facilitate the development of effective prevention, early detection and chemoprevention strategies.
journal_name
Int J Oncoljournal_title
International journal of oncologyauthors
Field JK,Smith DL,Duffy S,Cassidy Akeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-12-01 00:00:00pages
1633-45issue
6eissn
1019-6439issn
1791-2423journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A putative tumor suppressor, PTEN/MMAC1 gene was recently identified at 10q23 and was found to be frequently altered in several types of human tumors. To determine the possible role of this gene in human ovarian tumors, we screened 31 unselected primary epithelial ovarian cancers with matched normal tissues and 7 ovar...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.13.1.101
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were reported to be involved in the development of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the study on miRNAs in ccRCC is far from complete. The present study identified miRNAs which could act as potential novel prognostic markers for ccRCC, and analyzed its possible mechanism. We found t...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2016.3746
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a critical component in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation decisions. In breast carcinoma cells, activation of the p38-MAPK member of this family occurs in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines and cellular stress. The involvement of p38-MAPK in th...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, the compilation of massive amounts of genetic and genomic information on a wide variety of human cancer types, collectively known as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), has revealed a wealth of descriptive classification schemes both within and between different types and sources of cancer. In endometrial cancer...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2020.5139
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prognostic significance of Ki 67/MIB1 immunohistochemical assays (ICAs) was investigated in optimal technical conditions in 139 breast carcinomas. Automated ICAs (immunoperoxidase/Ventana device) was performed on frozen sections. Immunoprecipitates were quantified by computerized analysis (SAMBA) of digitized micr...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.9.2.337
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic cancer (PanC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, and resistance towards gemcitabine, the front-line chemotherapy, is the main cause for dismal rate of survival in PanC patients; overcoming this resistance remains a major challenge to treat this deadly malignancy. Whereas several molecular mechanisms ar...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2015.2885
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of different substrate stiffness were investigated on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cervical cancer cell lines and the role of miR-106b and its target protein DAB2 therein. Cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa were cultured on artificial substrates with different stiffness prepared using d...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2017.3978
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cervical lymph node metastasis is the most common recurrence pattern of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and it is usually treated with radiation therapy and/or neck dissection. There has long been a desire for markers useful in predicting radiosensitivity to enable assignment of patients with recurrent ...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.19.6.1127
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three genes on the short arm of chromosome 11 (WT1, IGF2 and HRAS) were hypomethylated in Wilms' tumour tissue compared to normal kidney tissue, and one (CALCA) was hypermethylated. IGF2 and HRAS showed evidence of allele-specific methylation, which may indicate genomic imprinting of the 11p15 region in some kidney ce...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of microRNA-375 (miR-375) is significantly reduced in cancer tissues of maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma (MSSCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the functional significance of miR-375 and a possible regulatory role in the MSSCC networks. Restoration o...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2011.1196
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the crucial roles of long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in various human cancers, including non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of the lncRNA cancer susceptibility candidate 7 (CASC7) in NSCLC has not been clearly determined. The aim of...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2020.5076
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depletion of glutathione (GSH) by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) has been reported to be toxic against some cancer cells and to sensitize many tumours including neuroblastoma (NB) to anticancer drugs. The balance between the production rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the function of GSH affects the intracellul...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surfactant proteins play important roles in lung surfactant function and innate immunity. The DNA methylation state of 11 CpG sites of surfactant protein (SP)-A1, -B, -C, and -D was determined using universal bead arrays. A total of 90 cancerous and non-cancerous tissues from 23 patients with adenocarcinoma and 22 wit...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::WNT signaling pathway plays a key role in carcinogenesis and embryogenesis. We have cloned and characterized the human WNT5B. Overlapping WNT5B cDNAs, containing 1080-bp ORF, were isolated. WNT5B encoded a 359-amino-acid polypeptide with the N-terminal signal peptide, four N-linked glycosylation sites, and consensus a...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.19.2.347
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Baicalein is a flavonoid derived originally from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which has been used in Oriental medicines for treating various diseases. Although this compound has been reported to have anticancer activities in several human cancer cell lines, the therapeutic effects of baicalein on human ...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2016.3606
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) can cut and release a wide variety of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands to promote survival, invasion and proliferation of cancer cell, and therefore, is considered to be a potential therapeutic target for cancer. The main goal of the present study was to o...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2016.3536
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We included in a case-control study on brain tumours and mobile and cordless telephones 1,617 patients aged 20-80 years of both sexes diagnosed during January 1, 1997 to June 30, 2000. They were alive at the study time and had histopathology verified brain tumour. One matched control to each case was selected from the...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer antigens RAK-p120, p42, and p25, which exhibit biological, immunological and molecular similarity to the proteins expressed by Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1), were found in 47 of 47 tested cases of serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary, and 45 of 45 tested cases of squamous carcinoma of the cervix. Normal ...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.9.4.693
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known to be resistant to chemotherapy. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, is overexpressed in most cancers but is absent in most normal adult tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate whether expression of survivin contributes to resistance to cisplatin-...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Steroid receptor analysis is the only widely accepted prognostic/predictive marker in breast cancer (BC) treatment. In the present study we evaluated the prognostic role of ER/PgR with p53 and Bcl2, in a series of 277 BC (153 pN1/2, 122 pNO, 2 pNx) with a long-term follow-up (67 months for DFS, 75 months for OS). Our ...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.15.6.1137
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is promising for cancer treatment owing to its selective cytotoxicity against malignant cells. However, some cancer cell types, including malignant melanoma cells, are resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Therefore, dr...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2012.1483
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently malignancy in women. Therefore, establishment of an animal model for the development of preventative measures and effective treatment for tumors is required. A novel heterogeneous spontaneous mammary tumor animal model of Kunming mice was generated. The purpose of this study w...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2014.2657
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::SOX2, a SRY-related HMG box protein, is thought to be an important transcription factor during organogenesis, including the stomach although the expression and function are unclear. We investigated SOX2 protein expression to clarify its roles in differentiation and carcinogenesis of the stomach. Using polyclonal SOX2 ...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymph node metastasis of breast cancer is a clinical marker of poor prognosis. Yet, there exist no therapies targeting mechanisms of intravasation into lymphatics. Herein we report on an effect of the antidyslipidemic drug fenofibrate with vasoprotective activity, which attenuates breast cancer intravasation in vitro,...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.2017.3956
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The support mechanisms that are involved in lymph-node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain largely unknown. Recent studies have demonstrated that tumor cells express chemokine receptors and use chemokines to metastasize to the target organ in many malignancies in humans. In this study, we examined...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our study reviews the central role of androgens for the development of androgen-insensitive growth in prostatic carcinoma using an individual dynamic model which emulates aspects of proliferation control. Our aim is the identification of individually proliferating cells from prostate carcinoma. Short-term cultured cel...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.7.6.1339
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) has been implicated in several cellular processes by the demonstration of ADP-ribosylation of proteins which play a role in cellular repair of DNA damage, response to ionizing radiation and apoptosis. In addition, ADP-ribosylation has been shown to play a role in cell cycle...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.8.4.803
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a transdisciplinary methodological approach we have conducted a multifactorial analysis in Martinique and Guadeloupe in order to elucidate the aetiology of prostate cancer. In 2002, world age standardized rates of prostate cancer were 152 new cases per 100,000 person-years in the two islands; one of the highest ...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo_00000229
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein kinase C (PKC) designates a family of kinases that regulate many essential functions including cell growth and differentiation. The tight regulation of PKC activity is crucial for maintaining normal cellular proliferation and excessive activity leads to abnormal or uncontrolled cell growth. Recent reports indi...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3892/ijo.14.2.327
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review focuses on two chemotherapeutic agents belonging to the family of purine analogs, 9-beta-D-arabinosyl-2-fluoroadenine-5'-monophosphate (F-ara-AMP, fludarabine), which is the soluble form of F-ara-A, and 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA, cladribine). Both compounds display remarkable activity in malignancies...
journal_title:International journal of oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00