Abstract：
:1. Potential therapies for ischaemic stroke include agents to reduce oedema, to improve cerebral perfusion, to reduce excitotoxic damage, to minimise free-radical induced injury and to reduce complications such as deep venous thrombosis. 2. Of the anti-oedema drugs, steroids are ineffective and possibly dangerous; intravenous glycerol is unproven. 3. Haemodilution to reduce whole blood viscosity and improve perfusion is ineffective. Thrombolytic drugs have not been adequately tested but several randomised multicentre trials are now commencing. Early treatment and CT scanning are essential. 4. Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs may have wide applicability but have not been tested in the acute phase of stroke. A multi-centre trial will address this issue. 5. Neuronal cytoprotection offers exciting prospects for acute stroke treatment. Antagonists of glutamate at the NMDA receptor, calcium and sodium channel blocking agents and free radical scavenging drugs have potent effects experimentally. Several agents are now reaching clinical trials. The calcium antagonist nimodipine has been disappointing in large scale trials but some studies were flawed by late treatment. 6. Successful treatment of acute stroke is likely to combine several approaches. 7. Therapeutic trials in stroke must include CT scanning, early treatment and a multicentre approach to achieve large numbers of patients.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Lees KRdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb05655.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-12-01 00:00:00pages
486-93issue
6eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：AIM:Omalizumab, a humanized IgG monoclonal antibody that binds to human immunoglobulin E (IgE), interrupts the allergic cascade in asthmatic patients. The aim was to compare simultaneously drug exposure and IgE biomarker responses in Japanese and White patient populations. METHODS:An instantaneous equilibrium drug-lig...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02803.x
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Two antitussive agents (+/-)-glaucine phosphate and codeine phosphate have been compared with placebo with respect to ventilation, ventilatory response to carbon dioxide, pulse, blood pressure, digit symbol substitution, sedation score and the Zahlen-Verbindung test performance in ten healthy volunteers (22-36 years...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02028.x
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT:Structured medication interviews improve the medication history upon hospitalization. Pharmacy records are valid lists of the prescribed medications available to individual patients. In Denmark, treating doctors now have access to their patients' pharmacy records through a real-...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.03017.x
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In many endoscopy units midazolam is replacing diazepam as the intravenous sedative of first choice. Midazolam is approximately twice as potent as diazepam. Although generally considered a safe drug, there have been a number of recent reports, particularly in the elderly, of the drug causing hypotension, respiratory d...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1987.tb03037.x
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:With rising use worldwide, pregabalin is increasingly implicated in poisoning deaths. We aimed to investigate the clinical effects and complications of pregabalin poisoning. METHODS:This is a retrospective review of patients presenting with pregabalin poisoning to two tertiary toxicology units from 1 July 2014 to...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.14348
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains a therapeutic challenge in part because of the limited understanding of the pathophysiology. The placebo response rate varies in randomized controlled trials from 20 to 70%, and can persist for up to at least 1 year. It is contentious whether dietary fibre and bulking agents ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01966.x
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Several cases of acute non-infectious cholestatic hepatitis recently appeared in Italy following consumption of Curcuma longa-containing dietary supplements. The aim of this research was to describe the Tuscan (Italy) cases of acute hepatitis and to compare them with similar cases of hepatotoxicity published in th...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcp.14460
更新日期：2020-07-13 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To investigate the driving forces behind increasing utilization of cardiovascular drugs. METHODS:Using register data, all Danish residents as of 1 January 1996 were followed until 2006. Cohort members were censored at death or emigration. Cardiovascular drug utilization on the individual level was traced, applyin...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03282.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The coming of age of molecular biology has resulted in an explosion in our understanding of the pathogenesis of virus related diseases. New pathogens have been identified and characterized as being responsible for old diseases. Empirical clinical evaluation of morbidity and mortality as outcome measures after a therap...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2002.01623.x
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, acute pharmacokinetic, neurophysiological and psychotropic effects of suriclone, a new cyclopyrrolone derivative, were investigated and compared with alprazolam. 2. Fifteen normal young volunteers received randomized oral single doses of placebo, 0.1, 0.2 and...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04254.x
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To evaluate if rivaroxaban, an oral factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor, could modify the expression in vitro of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in abdominal aortic aneurysmal (AAA) sites showing intraluminal thrombus. METHODS:AAA sites with intraluminal mural thrombus were obtained from six patients undergoin...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.13383
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Ten consecutive patients with hypertriglyceridaemia who adhered to a low carbohydrate diet without complete control of serum triglycerides were started on chenodeoxycholic acid 750 mg daily and followed monthly for 6 months. Nine of these patients were then followed for a further month on placebo capsules and therea...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1978.tb01632.x
更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium subserves a ubiquitous role in the organisation of cell function. Ca2+ channels which control influx may be modified in disease states. Animal models of cerebral ischaemia do present some problems when investigating potential therapies involving Ca2+ channels. However, it is important not to be too rigid in se...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04125.x
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methods of expressing the effects of beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs on exercise heart rate have been evaluated using a standardised exercise test. In six normal subjects given atropine (0.04 mg/kg) on two separate occasions, the mean +/- s.e. mean exercise heart rate rose by 10.3 +/- 1.8 beats/min and by 11.0 +/- 1....
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1976.tb00348.x
更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a promising treatment for lactic acidosis complicating severe malaria. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity of dichloroacetate were evaluated in 11 patients with severe malaria, and their lactate responses compared with nine control patients in an open-label prospective study....
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1996.tb00155.x
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Less than 5% of a dose of the conventional oral formulation of cyclosporin, Sandimmun, is absorbed in liver transplant recipients with external biliary drainage, necessitating intravenous administration of the drug and exposing the patient to increased risk of severe side-effects. 2. We compared the pharmacokinetic...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1995.tb05722.x
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possibility that vigabatrin (VGB) decreases serum phenytoin (PHT) concentration by lowering the oral bioavailability of PHT was investigated in 21 patients with epilepsy. Each patient was switched from oral to intravenous PHT for 5 days before and after combined treatment with VGB. After VGB (2-3.5 g day(-1) for a...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1993.tb00422.x
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To describe age- and gender-related prescription patterns of diuretics in community-dwelling elderly, and to compare diuretics to other cardiovascular (CV) medications. METHODS:Cross-sectional study of patient-specific prescription data derived from a panel of 10 Dutch community pharmacies. Determination of propo...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00793.x
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Fourteen hypertensive patients were studied by intra-arterial BP monitoring to quantify the effects of standardized physiological stresses: Valsalva manoeuvre, isometric, treadmill and bicycle exercise, and 60 degree tilting before and after labetalol treatment. 2 The dose of labetalol ranged from 100--600 mg three ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight healthy normal subjects (19-23 years) received graded intravenous isoprenaline infusions PRE- and POST-atropine, 0.04 mg/kg i.v. The adequacy of atropinization was tested with bolus intravenous injections of phenylephrine. PRE-atropine, isoprenaline caused an increase in heart rate and systolic pressure, but a d...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02469.x
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Renal clearance of lithium has been used as a marker of proximal tubular function in man. Recently, lithium pre-treatment has been shown to interfere with the natriuretic actions of some natriuretic agents in man. We have therefore investigated the effects of oral lithium carbonate (500 mg) on the natriuretic response...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1991.tb05598.x
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six human volunteers were each given single oral doses of aspirin (ASA) ranging from 300-1,500 mg. The unchanged ASA excreted in the urine was proportional to dose and urinary pH. The mean percent (+/- s.d.) of dose excreted was 1.9 +/- 0.67. The clearance for ASA was 1.42 +/- 0.28 1/h. The rate of in vitro hydrolysis...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02030.x
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The pharmacokinetics of physostigmine were investigated in a three-way cross-over design in six healthy, male volunteers comparing a physostigmine transdermal system (PTS), an oral solution and an i.v. infusion. 2. A single application of the patch over 24 h produced detectable plasma drug concentrations after a me...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1995.tb04410.x
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Antidepressant use has increased in the last decade. Several studies have suggested a possible association between maternal antidepressant use and teratogenic effects. METHODS:The pharmacy prescription database IADB.nl was used for a cohort study in which laxative and antidiarrhoeal medication use in children aft...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04081.x
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Formoterol is a beta2-adrenoceptor agonist marketed as a racemic mixture of the active (R; R)- and inactive (S; S)-enantiomers (rac-formoterol). The drug produces prolonged bronchodilation by inhalation but there is significant interpatient variability in duration of effect. Previous work has shown that in humans ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.2000.00133.x
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To establish the dose-response for pharmacodynamics (bronchodilatation), safety and pharmacokinetics for a nebulized formulation of the long acting muscarinic antagonist glycopyrrolate (EP-101) with a high efficiency nebulizer in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS:Patients with mo...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/bcp.12517
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Oral micronized progesterone (P) is proposed for the treatment of certain endocrine gynaecological disorders. To examine the effects of P on performance and mood, a randomized, placebo-controlled study of 24 healthy females ages 18-24 years on low-dose oral contraceptives was conducted. 2. Subjects were admitted to...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04038.x
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Smoking is a major risk factor for developing atherosclerosis. In order to understand the vascular abnormalities observed in smokers, we investigated vascular responsiveness in cigarette smokers. METHODS:We performed two consecutive matched group comparative studies to investigate vascular responsiveness using ve...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.0306-5251.2001.01434.x
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Glucocorticoids suppress the release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by macrophages in vitro and cause monocytopaenia in vivo. These actions may contribute to anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects. We therefore examined relationships between prednisolone concentration, suppression of monocyte...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1997.00586.x
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The present study aimed to evaluate the associations between medication use and falls and to identify high risk medications that acted as a trigger for the onset of falls in an acute care hospital setting. METHODS:We applied a case-crossover design wherein cases served as their own controls and comparisons were m...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03613.x
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
