Abstract：
PURPOSE:To determine whether poor fetal growth, as determined by size at birth, is associated with increased risk of age-related macular degeneration. METHODS:A total of 660 men and women born in Sheffield, United Kingdom, between 1922 and 1930 and whose size at birth was available were traced and invited to take part in the study. Of these, 392 attended for ophthalmic examination. Age-related macular degeneration in these volunteers was determined by the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System. RESULTS:The mean birth weight of subjects with macular degeneration (early or late) was heavier than that of those without (7.6 lb vs. 7.3 lb, respectively; P = 0.03). After adjustment for age, gender, and risk factors for macular degeneration, a significantly increased risk of macular degeneration was found in subjects with higher birth weight (odds ratio [OR] 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-2.0 for each SD [1 lb, 5 oz] increase in birth weight). Other parameters describing size at birth showed a weaker relation or no relation with macular degeneration, but one of the measures of fetal proportion (head circumference-to-birth weight ratio) was significantly associated with risk of macular degeneration. Subjects with macular degeneration had a significantly lower head circumference-to-birth weight ratio than did those without (11.2 vs. 12.0 respectively, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The finding that age-related macular degeneration was associated with increased rather than decreased birth weight was unexpected. Failure of the developing fetus's normal brain-sparing mechanism is a possible explanation for our finding of a lower head circumference-to-birth weight ratio among subjects with macular degeneration.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Hall NF,Gale CR,Syddall H,Martyn CN,Phillips DIkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-12-01 00:00:00pages
3641-5issue
12eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:To compare conventional pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (cVEPs) with multifocal VEPs (mfVEPs). METHODS:mfVEPs and cVEPs were recorded during the same session in 12 normal subjects with an active electrode at Oz referenced to the inion (Oz-In) or to a midfrontal position, Fz (Oz-Fz). The mfVEP stimulu...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.02-0441
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Placental growth factor (PlGF) has been implicated as a contributor to resistance against anti-VEGF therapy. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the systemic levels of PlGF, VEGF-A, and VEGF-B in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) after treatment with aflibercept, ranib...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-16686
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the thickness and surface area of porcine sclera. METHODS:One hundred twenty-eight porcine globes were sectioned from the center of the cornea to the region of the optic nerve. Photographs of the sectioned sclera including a millimeter scale were taken. Photographic slides were projected onto blank p...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We examined the treatment period necessary to restore retinal and visual stability following trauma to the optic nerve. METHODS:Cats received unilateral optic nerve crush and no treatment (NT), treatment of the injured eye with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), or treatment of the injured eye combined ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.13-12683
更新日期：2013-10-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative autoradiography was used to study the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into the retina of albino rats following in vivo exposure to 300-nm radiation. Relative to background labeling in unexposed eyes, there was 8-20 times as much label per unit area in the outer nuclear layer, inner nuclear layer, and gangli...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To determine age-related alterations in the retinal tissue perfusion (RTP) and volumetric vessel density (VVD) in healthy subjects. Methods:Total 148 healthy subjects (age 18 to 83 years) were enrolled and divided into four groups (G1, <35 years; G2, 35 ∼ 49 years; G3, 50 ∼ 64 years; and G4, ≥65 years). The RT...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.18-25864
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To determine whether combining quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters can achieve high sensitivity and specificity to distinguish eyes with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) from those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) as well as eyes with diabetes and no ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.18-24142
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Critical flicker frequency (CFF) was measured for stimuli varying in chromaticity only and in luminance only for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and for matched normal controls. The two CFF measurements showed different underlying linear interdependencies for the two groups, consistent with a greater loss of tem...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Retinal dopamine deficiency is a potential cause of myopia and visual deficits in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We investigated the cellular mechanisms responsible for lowered levels of retinal dopamine in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model of ROP. METHODS:Retinopathy was induced by exposing m...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.16-19346
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess photoreceptor morphology in patients with Stargardt's disease and fundus flavimaculatus using ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT) and correlate it with visual acuity (VA). METHODS:This was a prospective observational case series. Fourteen patients with Stargardt's disease (nin...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-0212
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:An alteration in corneal innervation has been described in dry eye associated with diabetes mellitus, contact lens use, and LASIK. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether dry eye not related to Sjögren's syndrome (NSDE) and dry eye related to primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSDE) are associated with an al...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.06-0127
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta-1) can modulate inflammation. Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) is characterized by acute ocular inflammation related to the release of cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6. The authors investigated the effect of TGF beta-1 on EIU in mice. METHODS:Three independent ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the site of highest resistance to the movement of water across Bruch's membrane in humans. METHODS:A hydraulic conductivity chamber was designed that enabled us to measure flow across Bruch's membrane while ablating its subepithelial aspect using an excimer laser (193 nm). When resistance was lost...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To evaluate the relationship between refractive error, circadian phase, and melatonin with consideration of prior light exposure, physical activity, and sleep. Methods:Healthy young myopic (spherical equivalent refraction [SER] ≤-0.50DS) and emmetropic adults underwent noncycloplegic autorefraction and axial l...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.61.8.45
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To compare the hemifield asymmetry of visual field (VF) loss in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) across all severity levels. Methods:A total of 522 eyes of 327 patients with POAG (mean age ± SD, 54.1 ± 12.4 years) and 375 eyes of 204 patients with PACG (67.3 ± 8.9 ye...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.17-22980
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To validate the Liverpool Uveal Melanoma Prognosticator Online (LUMPO) in a cohort of patients treated at the University of California-San Francisco (UCSF). Methods:A retrospective chart review was performed of 390 patients treated between 2002 and 2007 for choroidal melanoma at UCSF. Similar patients (n = 117...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.16-19654
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to identify a new Pseudomonas protease and determine its possible role in keratitis. METHODS:Concentrated culture supernatants of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains PA103 and ATCC 19660 were analyzed by zymography. P. aeruginosa small protease (PASP) was purified from strain PA103...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-1483
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To assess the feasibility of macular integrity assessment (MAIA) microperimetry (MP) in children. Also to establish representative outcome measures (differential light sensitivity, fixation stability, test-retest reliability) for children without visual impairment. Methods:Thirty-three adults and 33 children (...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.16-20037
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various noninvasive test procedures were used to evaluate retinal function in a patient who had become night blind following vincristine chemotherapy. The results obtained were strikingly similar to those reported previously in subjects with recessively inherited stationary night blindness; the dark-adaptation curve w...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the performance of an automated retinal image quality assessment system for use in automated diabetic retinopathy grading. METHODS:Algorithmic methods have been developed for assessing the quality of 45 degrees single field retinal images for use in diabetic retinopathy screening. For this purpose,...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.05-1155
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Previous in vitro studies with transgenic and gene-knockout mice have shown that lenses with elevated levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX)-1 activity are able to resist the cytotoxic effect of H(2)O(2), compared with normal lenses and lenses from GPX-1-deficient animals. The purpose of this study was to inves...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The increase in intraocular pressure in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) may involve transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta2 signaling, as TGF-beta2 is found in higher amounts than normal in the aqueous humor of patients with POAG. In vitro, TGF-beta2 causes an accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.06-0226
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To design a contrast sensitivity perimetry (CSP) protocol that decreases variability in glaucomatous defects while maintaining good sensitivity to glaucomatous loss. METHODS:Twenty patients with glaucoma and 20 control subjects were tested with a CSP protocol implemented on a monitor-based testing station. In ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.07-1205
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Human adenovirus species D type 19 (HAdV-D19) has been associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), a highly inflammatory infection of the ocular surface. Confusion exists regarding the origins of HAdV-D19. The prototype virus (HAdV-D19p) does not cause EKC, while a virus identified later with the ident...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.12-9656
更新日期：2012-05-14 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To identify proteinases and growth factors abnormally expressed in human corneas of donors with diabetic retinopathy (DR), additional to previously described matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-10 and -3 and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I. METHODS:RNA was isolated from 35 normal, diabetic, and DR autopsy human ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-1507
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To investigate the action of atropine on global flash multifocal electroretinogram (gmfERG) responses to retinal defocus. Method:gmfERG recordings were made monocularly in 19 healthy adults under three lens-imposed defocus conditions (2 diopters myopic, 2 diopters hyperopic, and no defocus) before and 24 hours...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.18-24600
更新日期：2019-01-02 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Endothelin (ET)-1 is known to inhibit active NaK transport by as much as 50% in kidney tubule and other tissues. The presence of low levels of ET-1 in aqueous humor combined with the potential for release of ET-1 from ciliary processes suggests that the lens could be exposed to ET-1 in vivo. In this study, expe...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate whether the detection of apoptosing retinal cells (DARC) could detect cells undergoing apoptosis in a laser model of retinal damage. METHODS:Laser lesions were placed, with the use of a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser, on the retina in 34 eyes of anesthetized Dark Agouti rats. Lesion size and las...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.07-1335
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental esotropia was produced surgically in infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) for brief periods of time. Electrophysiological studies of the visual cortex showed that esotropia of only 2 weeks duration in an infant monkey is sufficient to cause a marked shift of dominance in favor of the fixating eye and to...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To isolate tissue-specific gene products that contribute to corneal integrity. METHODS:A cDNA library was constructed and differentially hybridized. Cornea-specific clones were purified and further characterized. RESULTS:In this study cornea-specific gene products were isolated by differential cDNA hybridizat...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
