Abstract：
:The ever-increasing presence of environmental toxicants and their disruptive effect on the reproductive systems of wildlife raises the question of possible damage to the human reproductive system. Using medicolegal data from over 20,000 Japanese men subjected to necropsy from 1948 to 1998, we investigated temporal changes in testis weight to find possible evidence of male reproductive disorders. We also carried out a histological examination of 747 testes collected from 1978 to 1998. Our detailed analyses of the development of testis weight over the past 50 years have revealed four clear phenomena: (i) the age at which testis weight reaches its maximum has decreased; (ii) peak weight showed a general increase until it started to decline in boys born after 1960; (iii) the decline-rate at which testis weight decreases after its peak has greatly accelerated; and (iv) the onset of increasing testis weight of boys has occurred at a progressively younger age. Our quantitative analyses of testis weight indicate the possibility of a subtle reproductive disorder in Japanese men, especially in those born after 1960. Together with the accelerated development and decline in testis weight during the past 50 years, the decline in peak weight might be indicative of a subtle interference of environmental toxicants with male reproductive organogenesis.
journal_name
Anat Sci Intjournal_title
Anatomical science internationalauthors
Mori C,Hamamatsu A,Fukata H,Koh KB,Nakamura N,Takeichi S,Kusakabe T,Saito T,Morita M,Tanihara S,Kayama F,Shiyomi M,Yoshimura J,Sagisaka Kdoi
10.1046/j.0022-7722.2002.00009.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-06-01 00:00:00pages
109-16issue
2eissn
1447-6959issn
1447-073Xjournal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its three relatives constitute a novel family of neurotrophic factors, the GDNF family ligands. These factors signal through a multicomponent receptor complex comprising a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface molecule (GDNF family receptor (GFR) alph...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073x.2005.00099.x
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of tamoxifen and soy on apoptosis of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus of ovariectomized rats after repeated seizures were investigated. Female rats were divided into: (1) Control, (2) Sham, (3) Sham-Tamoxifen (Sham-T), (4) Ovariectomized (OVX), (5) OVX-Tamoxifen (OVX-T), (6)OVX-Soy(OVX-S) and (7) OVX-S-T....
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-017-0398-6
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Olfactory bulb (OB) interneurons, predominantly periglomerular (PG) and granule (GR) cells, are derived from neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) throughout life and migrate to the OB in the rostral migratory stream (RMS). In the adult superficial GR layer transgene expression was found, either enhanced ...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073X.2007.00209.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reproductive toxicity is one of the side effects of cyclophosphamide (CP) in cancer treatment. Pumpkin seeds and Zingiber officinale are natural sources of antioxidants. We investigated the possible protective effect of combined pumpkin seed and Zingiber officinale extracts on sperm characteristics, epididymal histolo...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-015-0314-x
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed and performed on 20 human adult cadavers at the level of the retroperitoneal space in order to provide evidence of the paravertebral and prevertebral sympathetic ganglia. Only one specimen, male, presented two ganglia on the left side located on the first lumbar splanchnic nerve, one pro...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-008-0012-z
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The structure of the ligamentum flavum has yet to be fully elucidated and no studies have investigated fine structural differences at different spinal levels in any animals. The aim of the present study was to clarify structural differences in the ligamentum flavum at different spinal levels (cervical: C3/4 and C5/6; ...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.0022-7722.2003.00050.x
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The thyroid isthmus has different measurements in its width, height, and thickness, and its location with respect to the tracheal rings has been inconsistent, among the anatomical literature. This study was performed to clarify the location and morphometric characteristics of the thyroid isthmus. One hundred thyroid i...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-013-0187-9
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Knowledge of development and various possible positions of the appendix is important in understanding the pathophysiology of appendicitis. In the present case, we report on a lateral pouch type of appendix in a formalin-embalmed male cadaver. The appendix was found to be situated in a space between the caecum and the ...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-014-0249-7
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Demineralization can facilitate the dissection of soft tissue structures in inaccessible locations by softening surrounding bone so that it can be easily removed without risking damage to the structure of interest. However, it is unclear whether demineralization alters the morphometry of soft tissues if used for this ...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-014-0248-8
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve regeneration is a complex process associated with the expression of hundreds of genes. To elucidate the molecular mechanism responsible for nerve regeneration, hundreds of nerve regeneration-associated genes have been hunted using differential display polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR), random cloning, microarra...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073X.2006.00136.x
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a very rare case of right partial and double internal jugular veins, found in an 86-year-old Japanese female cadaver during a student dissection practice session in 2002 at Osaka Dental University. In this case, the right internal jugular vein separated into medial and lateral branches at a level with the m...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073X.2006.00119.x
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was recently reported that the internal branch of the accessory nerve not only comprises the cranial root but also various combinations of the cranial root, spinal root, and the vagal component of the vagus nerve. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the anatomical distribution of each component of the internal...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-014-0244-z
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although an azygos lobe is a rare anomaly of the lung, its radiological appearance has been well defined. Clinically, the azygos lobe has been accepted as a normal variation that can simulate various diseases. However, on chest roentgenograms, this anomaly may appear to be present if there are any other pathological c...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073X.2005.00116.x
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unique variants of the pectoralis major and biceps brachii were found during a routine student dissection of a 96-year-old Caucasian female's axilla and brachium. The donor cadaver had bilateral presentation of a muscle originating from the pectoralis major, near the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove, extendin...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-019-00483-5
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We found a five-headed biceps brachii (BB) muscle associated with the pectoralis major muscle in a 43-year-old Korean male cadaver during a routine dissection course. A supernumerary head originated from the anterior surface of the distal tendinous part of the pectoralis major muscle, lay in the sulcus between the sho...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-015-0288-8
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lateral atlantoaxial joints contain folds of synovium termed meniscoids that may potentially contribute to cervical spine pain; however, the anatomy of these structures has not been comprehensively investigated. The purpose of this study was to explore the morphology and morphometry of lateral atlantoaxial joint m...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-015-0276-z
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Parkinson's disease (PD), physical therapy is one of the mainstays of supportive treatment modalities. This study focused on the neuroprotective effect of regular exercise on striatal calretinin positive interneurons in a rat model of PD. 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected unilaterally into the medial forebrai...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-020-00538-y
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The northern pike (Esox lucius) is a fresh water species belonging to the Esocidae family. It is a carnivorous fish feeding mostly on invertebrates and fishes. Due to the scantiness of relevant literature regarding the morphology of the tongue in fish we carried out this study with the aim of providing information on ...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-014-0254-x
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The histogenesis and cornification of claws in zebrafinch embryos has been analyzed. At 10-12 days post-deposition, the epidermis at the tip of the toes forms placode-like anlage associated with a mesenchymal condensation and with a terminal phalange. Claws seem to be modified scales, the dorsal side of which becomes ...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-009-0015-4
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The olfactory system typically consists of two parallel systems: the main olfactory system and the accessory olfactory system. The main olfactory bulb (MOB) acts as the initial processing site for volatile chemical stimuli and receives input from the olfactory receptor cells located in the olfactory epithelium. The Af...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-014-0227-0
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The attachment and innervation of the scalenus muscles in both sides of two Japanese monkeys and a rhesus monkey were observed to discuss their morphological significance while comparing their findings in humans. The scalenus ventralis muscle in macaques had almost the same attachments as the scalenus anterior muscle ...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073x.2004.00063.x
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Familiarity with the different anatomical variations of the arterial supply of the gallbladder and liver is of great importance in all hepatobiliary surgical procedures. A complex anomaly of the hepatobiliary arterial system, which has never been reported before, was found during anatomical dissection of a 73-year-old...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12565-013-0219-5
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The arrector pili muscle is a smooth muscle bundle that attaches to the bulge region of the hair follicle and extends to its superior attachment in the upper dermis or epidermis. However, the morphology and origin of the muscle associated with the human mustache is different, having a general smooth arrector pili musc...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12565-012-0133-2
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eukaryotic cells can adapt to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction by producing diverse signals from the ER to the cytosol or nucleus. These signaling pathways are collectively known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). The canonical branches of the UPR are mediated by three ER membrane-bound proteins: double-str...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12565-013-0214-x
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anatomical variations of the biceps brachii and triceps brachii have been described by various authors, but the occurrence of four-headed biceps brachii and triceps brachii in an ipsilateral arm is rare and has not been reported before in the literature. During routine cadaveric dissection in the department of anatomy...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073X.2007.00171.x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report an adult male cadaver with persistence of the ductus arteriosus and a right retroesophageal artery. The retroesophageal artery was first appreciated as a retropharyngeal mass during the dissection of this area. Both the left and right vertebral arteries originated in normal fashion. The thoracic duct of our ...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073x.2004.00068.x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We encountered a persistent median artery in the forearms and hands bilaterally in a 78-year-old Japanese male cadaver during dissection practice at Wakayama Medical University. The brachial arteries divided into the ulnar and radial arteries. The ulnar artery gave off the median and posterior interosseous arteries at...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073X.2006.00150.x
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to gestational stress impairs hippocampal-dependent learning in offspring. In spite of the known decisive role of hippocampal dendritic architecture in learning and memory, there has been no study to date that examines the effect of prenatal stress on the morphology of the hippocampal neurons. Therefore we pe...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073X.2007.00186.x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To understand which layer of the intrinsic muscles of the foot the adductor hallucis muscle belongs to, it is essential to investigate the innervation patterns of this muscle. In the present study, we examined the innervation patterns of the adductor hallucis muscles in 17 feet of 15 Japanese cadavers. We investigated...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073x.2006.00143.x
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the routine dissection of an 86-year-old Caucasian male cadaver, an accessory inferior thyroid artery originating from the left suprascapular artery was detected. In addition to the existence of inferior and superior thyroid arteries, a third thyroid artery arising from the left suprascapular artery was present...
journal_title：Anatomical science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1447-073X.2007.00206.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
