Abstract:
:Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its three relatives constitute a novel family of neurotrophic factors, the GDNF family ligands. These factors signal through a multicomponent receptor complex comprising a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface molecule (GDNF family receptor (GFR) alpha) and RET tyrosine kinase, triggering the activation of multiple signaling pathways in responsive cells. Recent gene-targeting studies have demonstrated that GDNF family ligands are essential for the development of a diverse set of neuronal populations and we have now started to understand how these ligands uniquely regulate the formation and sculpting of the nervous system. Recent studies have also revealed interactions by multiple extracellular signals during neural development. The deciphering of GDNF family ligand signaling in neural cells promises to provide vital new insights into the development and pathology of the nervous system.
journal_name
Anat Sci Intjournal_title
Anatomical science internationalauthors
Enomoto Hdoi
10.1111/j.1447-073x.2005.00099.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-03-01 00:00:00pages
42-52issue
1eissn
1447-6959issn
1447-073Xjournal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the detailed configuration of periocular elastic fibers. Semiserial paraffin sections were made using 40 whole orbital contents from 27 elderly cadavers and stained by the aldehyde-fuchsin method. Periocular tissues were classified into three types according to directions of th...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::It was recently reported that the internal branch of the accessory nerve not only comprises the cranial root but also various combinations of the cranial root, spinal root, and the vagal component of the vagus nerve. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the anatomical distribution of each component of the internal...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-009-0015-4
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1447-073X.2005.00116.x
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abstract::Scanning electron microscopy for plastic casts and confocal laser scanning microscopy for Villanueva bone-stained ground sections were used together to observe enamel tubules in red kangaroo molars. Although the tubular structures such as terminals, bends, expansions, splits, divergences and rejoinings in this species...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
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abstract::The olfactory system typically consists of two parallel systems: the main olfactory system and the accessory olfactory system. The main olfactory bulb (MOB) acts as the initial processing site for volatile chemical stimuli and receives input from the olfactory receptor cells located in the olfactory epithelium. The Af...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-014-0227-0
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The arrector pili muscle is a smooth muscle bundle that attaches to the bulge region of the hair follicle and extends to its superior attachment in the upper dermis or epidermis. However, the morphology and origin of the muscle associated with the human mustache is different, having a general smooth arrector pili musc...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-012-0133-2
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abstract::The ever-increasing presence of environmental toxicants and their disruptive effect on the reproductive systems of wildlife raises the question of possible damage to the human reproductive system. Using medicolegal data from over 20,000 Japanese men subjected to necropsy from 1948 to 1998, we investigated temporal cha...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.0022-7722.2002.00009.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report an adult male cadaver with persistence of the ductus arteriosus and a right retroesophageal artery. The retroesophageal artery was first appreciated as a retropharyngeal mass during the dissection of this area. Both the left and right vertebral arteries originated in normal fashion. The thoracic duct of our ...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1447-073x.2004.00068.x
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic biliary injury is one of the most common complications in cholecystectomy and is frequently accompanied by arterial injuries. Because there are several anatomical variations of the hepatic ducts, including the accessory hepatic ducts (AHDs), it is important to consider not only the anatomical position of the h...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-020-00568-6
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12565-014-0259-5
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demand for cadavers for clinical skills training is increasing. However, conventional formalin-fixed bodies are often unsuitable for surgical training because the tissues become too hard. We recently developed a new formalin-free embalming method with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (pyrrolidone) that has excellent fixative...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-019-00494-2
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retroesophageal right subclavian artery, arising from the arch of the aorta as the terminal branch and passing dorsal to the esophagus, was found in five (1.2%) of 428 bodies donated for student dissection at Kumamoto University between 1993 and 2008. The presence of a retroesophageal right subclavian artery has bee...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::On average, in chicks, the total number of retinal ganglion cells is 4.9 x 10(6) and the cell density is 10400 cells/mm2. Two high-density areas, namely the central area (CA) and the dorsal area (DA), are located in the central and dorsal retinas, respectively, in post-hatching day 8 (P8) chicks (19000 cells/mm2 in th...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1447-073x.2004.00084.x
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study conducted a careful description of the histological events during the embryonic development of quail stomach. Daily histological specimens from the quail stomach from day 4 to day 17 post incubation were examined by light microscopy. The primitive gut tube of the embryonic quail appeared at day 4 pos...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-015-0318-6
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1447-073x.2004.00063.x
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demand for anatomical illustrations in the early modern period coincided with a scientific revolution. Starting out as a servant, Iulius Casserius became a great anatomist, who challenged the Galenic doctrine. The aim of this paper is to honor his memory and recreate the stylism of his anatomical illustrations. On...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-020-00545-z
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been no systematic study of the anatomy of the region between the sacral and coccygeal cornua. Reference texts describe an intercornual ligament connecting these structures. The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomy of this region, which may be relevant to unexplained cases of coccygeal pain (cocc...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-013-0222-x
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of development and various possible positions of the appendix is important in understanding the pathophysiology of appendicitis. In the present case, we report on a lateral pouch type of appendix in a formalin-embalmed male cadaver. The appendix was found to be situated in a space between the caecum and the ...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-014-0249-7
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::The effects of tamoxifen and soy on apoptosis of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus of ovariectomized rats after repeated seizures were investigated. Female rats were divided into: (1) Control, (2) Sham, (3) Sham-Tamoxifen (Sham-T), (4) Ovariectomized (OVX), (5) OVX-Tamoxifen (OVX-T), (6)OVX-Soy(OVX-S) and (7) OVX-S-T....
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-017-0398-6
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::We present a very rare case of right partial and double internal jugular veins, found in an 86-year-old Japanese female cadaver during a student dissection practice session in 2002 at Osaka Dental University. In this case, the right internal jugular vein separated into medial and lateral branches at a level with the m...
journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1447-073X.2006.00119.x
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Anatomical science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12565-018-0431-4
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00