Abstract:
:To ascertain whether signaling due to peripheral inflammation affects motoneuron vulnerability, we examined in adult rats the reaction to axonal injury of facial motoneurons primed by muscle inflammation. In this double-hit paradigm, preconditioning was achieved by injections into the facial muscles of the T cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin, which was found in a previous study ( 11 ) to elicit a retrograde response in motoneurons. Facial nerve transection was used as test lesion. Intramuscular injections of saline prior to axotomy were used as control for lectin pretreatment. In rats pretreated with phytohemagglutinin injection, upregulation of the expression of the antiapoptotic bcl-2 gene, examined with in situ hybridization, was significantly higher in facial motoneurons at 2 days postaxotomy compared with saline-injected control cases. After repeated phytohemagglutinin injections followed by nerve transection, induction in facial motoneurons of nitric oxide synthase, revealed by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, as well as activation of the surrounding microglia, was enhanced at 14 days postaxotomy with respect to the saline-treated control cases. At the same time point, no significant intergroup difference was detected in the intensity of astrocytic activation. At 1 month postaxotomy, stereological cell counts revealed that motoneuron loss was significantly greater in the cases pretreated with phytohemagglutinin than in the saline-treated cases. The data point out that the response of the facial motor nucleus to axonal damage is altered by previous exposure to peripheral inflammation and that such preconditioning stimulus enhances motoneuron vulnerability to nerve injury.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Mariotti R,Tongiorgi E,Bressan C,Kristensson K,Bentivoglio Mdoi
10.1006/exnr.2002.7908keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-07-01 00:00:00pages
133-42issue
1eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014488602979082journal_volume
176pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Green tea polyphenol is known to act as a buffer, reducing biological responses to oxidative stress. Several effects of polyphenol have been reported, such as protection of tissue from ischemia, antineoplasmic and anti-inflammatory effects, and suppression of arteriosclerosis. In this study, we investigated whether pe...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0014-4886(03)00344-3
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury (SCI) initiates biochemical events that lead to an increase in extracellular excitatory amino acid concentrations, resulting in glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxic events. These receptors include the three groups of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). Group I mGluR activation can initiate...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7721
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol withdrawal (ETX) in ethanol-dependent rats results in susceptibility to seizures, including generalized tonic-clonic audiogenic seizures (AGS). The inferior colliculus (IC) is strongly implicated in AGS initiation during ETX, but IC neuronal mechanisms subserving AGS are unclear. The present study examined IC ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(95)90062-4
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chorda tympani (CT) nerve carries taste information from the anterior tongue to the brain stem. Injury to the chorda tympani may result in loss or distortion of taste information. This study examined changes occurring in the hamster peripheral taste system during recovery from injury. The hamster chorda tympani ne...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.0169
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apnea of prematurity (AoP) is associated with severe and repeated episodes of arterial oxygen desaturation (intermittent hypoxia - IH), which in turn increases the number of apneas. So far, there is no data addressing whether IH leads to sex-specific respiratory consequences, neither if drugs targeting AoP are more ef...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.112985
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive movement, psychiatric and cognitive disturbances. Previous studies have indicated that HD pathogenesis may be mediated in part by loss of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Antidepressants selectively b...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.10.015
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary bladder and urethral sphincter responses evoked by bladder distention, ventral root stimulation, or microstimulation of S2 segment of the sacral spinal cord were investigated under alpha-chloralose anesthesia in cats with an intact spinal cord and in chronic spinal cord injured (SCI) cats 6-8 weeks after spina...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.07.001
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease of undetermined cause manifesting with progressive autonomic failure (AF), cerebellar ataxia and parkinsonism due to neuronal loss in multiple brain areas associated with (oligodendro)glial cytoplasmic alpha-synuclein (alpha SYN) inclusions (GCIs). Usin...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.05.008
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we describe a bilateral cervical contusion model for mice. Adult female mice received graded bilateral contusion injuries at cervical level 5 (C5) using a commercially available impactor (the IH device). Three separate experiments were carried out to define conditions that produce impairments in forelimb functio...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.09.028
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas quite a number of previous reports have shown that the developing brain is vulnerable to protein deprivation, the mature CNS is usually considered resistant to this condition. To explore this assumption the present experimental model was built on groups of 2-month-old rats fed with a low-protein diet (8% casei...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(89)90081-2
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pompe disease is an inherited disorder due to a mutation in the gene that encodes acid α-glucosidase (GAA). Children with infantile-onset Pompe disease develop progressive hypotonic weakness and cardiopulmonary insufficiency that may eventually require mechanical ventilation (MV). Our team conducted a first in human t...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.07.013
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test the hypothesis that prepubertal exposure of LHRH neurons to a source of catecholamines and neuropeptides accelerates the onset of puberty, we examined the effects of autologous adrenal transplantation into the base of the third ventricle of the brain in juvenile female rhesus monkeys at 11-13 months of age. Th...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.0127
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Focal limbic seizures often impair consciousness/awareness with major negative impact on quality of life. Recent work has shown that limbic seizures depress brainstem arousal systems, including reduced action potential firing in a key node: cholinergic neurons of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT). In vivo w...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.11.008
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) is a cytokine that regulates the survival, proliferation and maturation of microglial cells. Administration of M-CSF can promote neuronal survival in various models of central nervous system (CNS) injury. Here, in an attempt to induce a neuroprotective microglial cell pheno...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.08.021
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was performed to investigate the physicological properties of histaminergic neurons in intraocular hypothalamic transplants. Pieces of posterolateral hypothalamus containing the tuberomammillary nucleus were dissected from Embryonic Day 17 rat fetuses and transplanted into the anterior chamber of the eye of...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1995.1079
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modification of GABAergic inhibition is an intensely investigated hypothesis guiding research into mechanisms underlying temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Seizures can be initiated by blocking γ amino butyric acid type A (GABAA receptors, GABARs), which mediate fast synaptic inhibition in the brain, and controlled by drug...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.10.028
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infants born very preterm are at high risk for neurological deficits including cerebral palsy. In this study we assessed the neuroprotective effects of umbilical cord blood cells (UCBCs) and optimal administration timing in a fetal sheep model of preterm brain injury. 50 million allogeneic UCBCs were intravenously adm...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.06.017
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parameters related to the capacity and the rate of uptake of calcium ions by the sarcoplasmic reticulum were measured in skinned extensor digitorum longus fibers of control and myodystrophic mice. Single fibers were isolated and skinned in a relaxing solution and mounted on a force transducer and apparatus for changin...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(85)90140-2
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol intake is one of the important lifestyle factors for the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Acetaldehyde, the major ethanol metabolite which is far more reactive than ethanol, has been postulated to participate in alcohol-induced tissue injury although its direct impact on insulin signaling is unc...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.08.002
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dendritic organization of the phrenic nucleus as a whole was studied after injections of the B-subunit of cholera toxin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase were made into the diaphragm of adult rats. Transverse, sagittal, and horizontal sections through the phrenic nucleus (C3-C5) were incubated according to a mo...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(87)90224-x
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The postischemic time course of amyloid protein precursor (APP), beta-amyloid protein (beta-AP), and apolipoprotein E (APO-E) immunoreactivity were examined in comparison to neuronal necrosis in the selectively vulnerable hippocampal CA1 region of gerbils subjected to 10 min of bilateral carotid occlusion-induced fore...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1995.1062
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::c-Fos protein-like immunoreactivity (IR) was investigated in the rat brain following an application of weak anodal direct current to the surface of the unilateral sensorimotor cortex in an attempt to elucidate the cellular and molecular bases of central plasticity. Anodal polarization resulted in a massive increase in...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1995.1004
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) grafted to sites of spinal cord injury (SCI) extend numerous axons over long distances and form new synaptic connections with host neurons. In the present study we examined the myelination of axons emerging from NPC grafts. Rat embryonic day 14 (E14) multipotent NPCs constitutively expre...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.07.005
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oscillatory activity has been well-studied in many structures within cortico-basal ganglia circuits, but it is not well understood within the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), which was recently introduced as a potential target for the treatment of gait and postural impairments in advanced stages of Parkinson's disease ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.05.007
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anticonvulsant long-term efficacy of diazepam was studied in amygdala-kindled rats. The drug was administered three times daily at doses of 5 mg/kg i.p. for 2 weeks in fully kindled animals. The severity of the kindled seizures was markedly reduced throughout the period of treatment, while tolerance developed to t...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(85)90026-3
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estrogens and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors regulate multiple aspects of morphological and functional plasticity in young animals. For example, estrogens increase spine density in the hippocampus, and NMDA antagonists block these effects. Few studies have examined the effects of age, postovariectomy interval, ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7716
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that traumatic brain injury (TBI) produces progressive degradation of cytoskeletal proteins including neurofilaments (e.g., neurofilament 68 [NF68] and neurofilament 200 [NF200]) within the first 24 h after injury. Thus, we employed immunofluorescence (light and confocal microscopy) to stud...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1999.7244
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is associated with various short- and long-term physiological and neurochemical changes and has been shown to confer an increased susceptibility to accompanying ischemic injury or provide protection against a subsequent experimental ischemia. Nitric oxide is involved in the processe...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1999.7218
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was shown to be detrimental in cerebral ischemia but the mechanisms whereby PARP is deleterious have yet to be determined. They may include a role in neutrophil infiltration known to aggravate ischemic damage. In this context, we investigated the effect of 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), a ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0014-4886(03)00367-4
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The review outlines data consistent with the hypothesis that inspiratory drive transmission that generates fetal breathing movements (FBMs) is essential for the developmental plasticity of phrenic motoneurons (PMNs) and diaphragm musculature prior to birth. A systematic examination during the perinatal period demonstr...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.05.017
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00