Abstract:
:The family of homodimeric nitric oxide synthases (NOS I-III) catalyzes the generation of the cellular messenger nitric oxide (NO) by oxidation of the substrate L-arginine. The rational design of specific NOS inhibitors is of therapeutic interest in regulating pathological NO levels associated with sepsis, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. The cofactor (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (H(4)Bip) maximally activates all NOSs and stabilizes enzyme quaternary structure by promoting and stabilizing dimerization. Here, we describe the synthesis and three-dimensional (3D) quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis of 65 novel 4-amino- and 4-oxo-pteridines (antipterins) as inhibitors targeting the H(4)Bip binding site of the neuronal NOS isoform (NOS-I). The experimental binding modes for two inhibitors complexed with the related endothelial NO synthase (NOS-III) reveal requirements of biological affinity and form the basis for ligand alignment. Different alignment rules were derived by building other compounds accordingly using manual superposition or a genetic algorithm for flexible superposition. Those alignments led to 3D-QSAR models (comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA)), which were validated using leave-one-out cross-validation, multiple analyses with two and five randomly chosen cross-validation groups, perturbation of biological activities by randomization or progressive scrambling, and external prediction. An iterative realignment procedure based on rigid field fit was used to improve the consistency of the resulting partial least squares models. This led to consistent and highly predictive 3D-QSAR models with good correlation coefficients for both CoMFA and CoMSIA, which correspond to experimentally determined NOS-II and -III H(4)Bip binding site topologies as well as to the NOS-I homology model binding site in terms of steric, electrostatic, and hydrophobic complementarity. These models provide clear guidelines and accurate activity predictions for novel NOS-I inhibitors.
journal_name
J Med Chemjournal_title
Journal of medicinal chemistryauthors
Matter H,Kotsonis P,Klingler O,Strobel H,Fröhlich LG,Frey A,Pfleiderer W,Schmidt HHdoi
10.1021/jm020074gkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-07-04 00:00:00pages
2923-41issue
14eissn
0022-2623issn
1520-4804pii
jm020074gjournal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Noncovalent proteasome inhibitors introduce an alternative mechanism of inhibition to that of covalent inhibitors used in cancer therapy. Starting from a noncovalent linear mimic of TMC-95A, a series of dimerized inhibitors using polyaminohexanoic acid spacers has been designed and optimized to target simultaneously t...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm4002007
更新日期:2013-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular modeling methods have been used to design a novel series of conformationally constrained cyclic peptide inhibitors of human renin. Three goals were defined: enhanced inhibitory potency, high specificity for renin, and increased metabolic stability. Three cyclic compounds were synthesized with ring sizes 10, ...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00397a003
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 5-HT(6) receptor (5-HT(6)R) has been in the spotlight for several years regarding CNS-related diseases. We set out to discover novel, neutral 5-HT(6)R antagonists to improve off-target selectivity compared to basic amine-containing scaffolds dominating the field. High-throughput screening identified the N'-(sulfon...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm200466r
更新日期:2011-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a key enzyme that is involved in the de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides. Novel 2-aminooxazoles were synthesized and tested for inhibition of IMPDH catalytic activity. Multiple analogues based on this chemotype were found to inhibit IMPDH with low nanomolar potency. O...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm0105777
更新日期:2002-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis and CNS activity of a noval class of annelated 1,4-benzodiazepines, the aminomethylene-2,4-dihydro-1H-imidazo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepines, are described. An investigation of the structure--activity relationships in the series derived from 8-chloro-2,4-dihydro-2-dimethylaminomethylene-6-phenyl-1H-imidazo[1...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00218a009
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of novel benzoheterocyclic [(methoxyphenyl)amino]oxoalkanoic acid esters has been prepared. These compounds were tested as inhibitors of rat polymorphonuclear leukocyte 5-lipoxgenase (LO) in vitro and as inhibitors of leukotriene D4 (LTD4) and ovalbumin (OA) induced bronchospasm in the guinea pig (GP) in vivo...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00385a024
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dual-acting kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist and mu opioid receptor (MOR) partial agonist ligands have been put forward as potential treatment agents for cocaine and other psychostimulant abuse. Members of the orvinol series of ligands are known for their high binding affinity to both KOR and MOR, but efficacy at t...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm301543e
更新日期:2013-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::5-Nitronicotinamide (1) was prepared from 5-bromonicotinoyl chloride by treatment with ammonia and then oxidation with fuming H2SO4 and 30% H202. 2-Cholor-, 2-alkoxy-2-benzyloxy,2-phenoxy-,2-alkylamino-, and 2-benzylamino-5-nitronicatinamides were also prepared via 2-chloro-3-cyano-5-nitropyridine. 2-Methyl-5-nitronic...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00211a027
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antiseizure activity of benzodiazepines (BDZs) 1-5 in mice and rats as animal models is described. These BDZs have selective efficacy for alpha2beta3gamma2 and alpha3beta3gamma2 GABA(A)-receptors. Significant anticonvulsant activity with little or no motor impairment and therapeutic indexes (TI) of 2.8-44 (mice, i...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm801652d
更新日期:2009-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Various lines of evidence, including molecular modeling studies, imply that the endoethylenic bridge of 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2. 1]octanes (DBO, 1) plays an essential role in modulating affinity toward mu opioid receptors. This hypothesis, together with the remarkable analgesic properties observed for N(3) propionyl, N(8...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm991140q
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous paper, we reported the N-hydroxyformamidine derivative HET0016 as a potent and selective 20-HETE synthase inhibitor. Despite its attraction as a potential therapeutic agent for cerebral diseases, the preparation of an injectable formulation of HET0016 was limited by its poor solubility under neutral cond...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm020557k
更新日期:2003-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Four novel steroidal alpha-methylene delta-lactones have been synthesized and shown to be active against human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (KB) cells in culture. The syntheses involved the use of known alpha-methylenation procedures. In addition, the lactone 6 was directly methylenated by reaction with CH2O/KOH or Et2NH/...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00175a019
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::G-protein-coupled receptor 52 (GPR52) is an orphan Gs-coupled G-protein-coupled receptor. GPR52 inhibits dopamine D2 receptor signaling and activates dopamine D1/N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors via intracellular cAMP accumulation, and therefore, GPR52 agonists may have potential as a novel class of antipsychotics. A se...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm5002919
更新日期:2014-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::The dynorphin (Dyn) A analogue zyklophin ([N-benzyl-Tyr(1)-cyclo(d-Asp(5),Dap(8))]dynorphin A(1-11)NH2) is a kappa opioid receptor (KOR)-selective antagonist in vitro, is active in vivo, and antagonizes KOR in the CNS after systemic administration. Hence, we synthesized zyklophin analogues to explore the structure-act...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm501827k
更新日期:2015-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Thirteen newly synthesized or resynthesized diamine-platinum(II) complexes were characterized, and their cytotoxic activities (IC50) were tested on parental and resistant ovarian cancer cell lines. They represent models of conjugates between biologically active vectors and cytotoxic Pt(II) moieties within the "drug ta...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm049508t
更新日期:2005-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::A series of C7-O- and C20-O-amidated 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHS) derivatives ((+/-)-1a-f and (+/-)-2), as well as a set of alkenylated DHS analogues ((+/-)-4a-f), were designed and de novo synthesized. A diesteric derivative of DHS ((+/-)-3) and two C23 esterified DHS analogues ((+/-)-5a and (+/-)-5b) were also prepared ...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm900735p
更新日期:2009-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::New and greatly improved preparations of the 12alpha,1'beta- (5) and 12beta,1'beta- (6) glucuronides of dihydroartemisinin (DHA, 2) are reported using anomeric hydroxy and imidate glucuronate intermediates. Comparison of the synthetic and natural materials shows that the human metabolite of DHA is the 12alpha-epimer 5...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm001061a
更新日期:2001-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::(R)-(-)- and (S)-(+)-alpha-methyl-beta-4-(fluorophenyl)-N-methyl-N- propynylethylamine [R)-(-)- and (S)-(+)-4-fluorodeprenyl) were synthesized via the reaction of 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with nitroethane followed by reduction with lithium aluminum hydride to produce racemic 4-fluoroamphetamine, which was resolved by recr...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00169a034
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A diverse range of chromen-2-one, chromen-4-one and pyrimidoisoquinolin-4-one derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity against the DNA repair enzyme DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with a view to elucidating structure-activity relationships for potency and kinase selectivity. DNA-PK inh...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm049526a
更新日期:2005-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::A series of 3,6-disubstituted pyridazino[4,3-c]isoquinolines were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit the binding of [3H]diazepam to rat brain receptors in vitro. Compounds bearing a phenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, or methyl group at position 3 and a dialkylamino group at position 6 showed the highest affinit...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00147a034
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In lead optimization, open, solvent-exposed protein pockets are often disregarded as prospective binding sites. Because of bulk-solvent proximity, researchers are instead enticed to attach charged polar groups at inhibitor scaffolds to improve solubility and pharmacokinetic properties. It is rarely considered that sol...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00490
更新日期:2017-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::Much has been discussed about the proper physicochemical properties (e.g., molecular weight, hydrophobicity, etc.) that should be considered when utilizing fragment leads in drug design. However, little has been reported as to what emphasis, if any, should be placed on the potency of the resulting fragment leads. In t...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm060511h
更新日期:2006-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::A close analogue of the antileukemic agent 5,8-dideaza-N10 propargylfolic acid (2) was synthesized by replacing the propargyl moiety of 2 with a cyanomethyl group. This compound, N10-(cyanomethyl)-5,8-dideazafolic acid (3), was evaluated for its antifolate and antitumor activities in several biological test systems. A...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00358a030
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative structure-activity studies were carried out on a series of N-isopropylaryl hydrazides which inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO). The inhibitory potencies of these compounds of MAO were found to correlate with the electron-withdrawing capacity of the aryl ring substituents as estimated by both empirical Hamme...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00227a005
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of 3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazoles were synthesized and characterized as potent state-dependent sodium channel blockers. A limited SAR study was carried out to delineate the chemical requirements for potency. The results indicate that the distal phenyl group is critical for activity but will tolerate lipophi...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm030498q
更新日期:2004-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::The intriguing structural similarities of glutamic acid based cholecystokinin (CCK) antagonists (A-64718 and A-65186) and the benzodiazepine CCK antagonist MK-329 (L-364,718) have been reported. Efforts to include the weak CCK antagonist benzotript into this construct utilizing a similar approach have resulted in a no...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm00116a002
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::3-(3-Cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-8-isopropyl-adenine V11294 (1) has been identified as a lead structure, which selectively inhibits human lung PDE4 (436 nM) and is also active in a number of in vitro and in vivo models of inflammation. Here we describe the synthesis and pharmacology of a series of highly potent 8...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm030603w
更新日期:2005-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Type II beta-turn mimics and polyproline II helix mimics based upon diastereoisomeric 5.6.5 spiro bicyclic scaffolds have provided two pairs of Pro-Leu-Gly-NH(2) (PLG) peptidomimetics with contrasting dopamine receptor modulating activities. Compounds 1a and 3a were found to be positive allosteric modulators of the do...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm801575w
更新日期:2009-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::We have designed and synthesized 16 new olean- and urs-1-en-3-one triterpenoids with various modified rings C as potential antiinflammatory and cancer chemopreventive agents and evaluated their inhibitory activities against production of nitric oxide induced by interferon-gamma in mouse macrophages. This investigation...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm0002230
更新日期:2000-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::HCV infection is considered a silent epidemic because most people infected do not develop acute symptoms. Instead, the disease progresses to a chronic state leading to cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. Novel therapies are needed to combat this major health threat. The HCV NS3 serine protease has been the target of contin...
journal_title:Journal of medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/jm801201u
更新日期:2009-02-12 00:00:00