Abstract:
:Pharyngeal dilator muscle activation (GGEMG) during wakefulness is greater in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) than in healthy control subjects, representing a neuromuscular compensatory mechanism for a more collapsible airway. As previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated a close relationship between GGEMG and epiglottic pressure, we examined the relationship between genioglossal activity and epiglottic pressure in patients with apnea and in control subjects across a wide range of epiglottic pressures during basal breathing, negative-pressure (iron-lung) ventilation, heliox breathing, and inspiratory resistive loading. GGEMG was greater in the patients with apnea under all conditions (p < 0.05 for all comparisons), including tonic, phasic, and peak phasic GGEMG. In addition, patients with apnea generated a greater peak epiglottic pressure on a breath-by-breath basis. Although the relationship between GGEMG and epiglottic negative pressure was tight across all conditions in both groups (all R values > = 0.69), there were no significant differences in the slope of this relationship between the two groups (all p values > 0.30) under any condition. Thus, the increased GGEMG seen in the patient with apnea during wakefulness appears to be a product of an increased tonic activation of the muscle, combined with increased negative-pressure generation during inspiration.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Fogel RB,Malhotra A,Pillar G,Edwards JK,Beauregard J,Shea SA,White DPdoi
10.1164/ajrccm.164.11.2102048keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-12-01 00:00:00pages
2025-30issue
11eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970journal_volume
164pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE:Reactivation tuberculosis (TB) occurs as a result of reactivation of latent TB infection (LTBI), and was reported to occur in the United States at a rate of 0.10 to 0.16 cases per 100 person-years in the 1950s; it has not been measured since. OBJECTIVES:To calculate the rate of reactivation TB in a U.S. comm...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200909-1355OC
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. OBJECTIVES:We hypothesize that galactomannan (GM), a component of fungal cell wall, as measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) might be a diagnostic adjunct in hematologic malignancies. METHODS:A ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201403-0431OC
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Protein kinase C zeta (PKCζ) has been reported to act as a tumor suppressor. Deletion of PKCζ in experimental cancer models has been shown to increase tumor growth. However, the mechanisms of PKCζ down-regulation in cancerous cells have not been previously described. OBJECTIVES:To determine the molecular mec...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201403-0463OC
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Current evidence suggests that patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may have augmented pharyngeal dilator muscle activity during wakefulness, to compensate for deficient anatomy. However, the isolated effect of sleep on the activity of these muscles (comparing OSA patients with controls) has not been studied. W...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.6.8665050
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to compare the effects of salmeterol and beclomethasone on lung function and symptoms in children with mild to moderate asthma. Sixty-seven children not treated with inhaled corticosteroids were randomized in a double-blind parallel study either to salmeterol 50 micrograms b.i.d. or beclometh...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.3.9611067
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive pressure ventilation with large VTs has been shown to cause release of cytokines, including macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), a functional equivalent of human interleukin-8. The mechanisms regulating ventilation-induced cytokine production are unclear. Based on our previous in vitro model of lung cel...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200305-660OC
更新日期:2004-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Four hundred forty-one subjects 34 to 69 yr of age were recruited from a random sample of the community. The sample was biased in favor of men, snorers, and subjects with subjective sleep complaints. They answered a questionnaire and were monitored in their homes for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). This report conce...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.152.2.7633730
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the effects of maturation on crossbridge properties and myosin isoform composition in hamster diaphragm muscle. Diaphragm strips were obtained at postnatal Days 1 and 8 and in adults (10 to 12 wk). Peak isometric tension and maximum unloaded shortening velocity (Vmax) increased w...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.3.9701051
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Studies in patients and experimental animals provide compelling evidence of the involvement of the major thrombin receptor, proteinase-activated receptor-1 (PAR(1)), and the potent chemokine, chemokine (CC motif) ligand-2 (CCL2)/monocyte chemotactic protein-1, in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibro...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200712-1827OC
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physiologic adaptations after an 8-wk endurance training program were examined in 13 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (age, 64 +/- 4 [SD] yr; FEV1, 43 +/- 9% pred; PaO2, 72 +/- 8 mm Hg; and PaCO2, 36 +/- 2 mm Hg) and in eight healthy sedentary control subjects (61 +/- 4 yr). Both pre- and pos...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.6.9804136
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous study of older pulp and paper workers in Berlin, New Hampshire, decrements in spirometry results associated with accidental exposures to high levels of irritant gases depended on cumulative levels of pulp mill exposure and cigarette smoking. Many of those subjects were older and retired. A new study was ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.1.8542120
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Characteristics of and survival estimates for recipients of lung retransplantation in the modern era are unknown. OBJECTIVES:To compare lung retransplant patients in the modern era with historical retransplant patients, to compare retransplant patients with initial transplant patients in the modern era, and ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200707-1132OC
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Most patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) die from right heart failure. Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade reduces mortality by about 30% in patients with left-sided systolic heart failure, but is not used in PAH. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of the adrenergic receptor blocker carvedilol on ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201003-0335OC
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In asthma, the acute increment of airway responsiveness caused by exposure to allergen is associated with influx of eosinophils into the airways. The relationship between chronic airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation is unclear, as they do not change consistently following long-term anti-inflammatory trea...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.157.1.9703002
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Cigarette smoke is the major risk factor in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lipidomics is a novel and emerging research field that may provide new insights in the origins of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as COPD. OBJECTIVES:To investigate whether expression of the sputu...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201312-2210OC
更新日期:2014-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher. ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.202009-3684CP
更新日期:2020-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Despite intensive research, sepsis displays the most prevalent cause of death on intensive care units. The hallmark of sepsis is an overshooting T-cell death that reduces host defense mechanisms and that is associated with poor patient survival. Previous in vitro studies revealed that the expression of the tr...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201010-1585OC
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Recent retrospective evidence suggests the efficacy of early norepinephrine administration during resuscitation; however, prospective data to support this assertion are scarce. Objectives: To conduct a phase II trial evaluating the hypothesis that early low-dose norepinephrine in adults with sepsis with hyp...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201806-1034OC
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used various ovalbumin sensitization and challenge protocols to determine the importance of the route of allergen administration and the genetic background in modulating the physiologic, inflammatory, and immunologic features characteristic of allergen-induced asthma. In BALB/c mice, induction of maximal airway hyp...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.2.9032210
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noninvasive and invasive diagnostic techniques have been shown to achieve comparable performances in the evaluation of suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). We studied the impact of both approaches on outcome in a prospective, open, and randomized study in three intensive care units (ICUs) of a 1,000-bed te...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.1.9907090
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously reported differential impairment of pulmonary and systemic vascular contractility in hyperdynamic sepsis. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine whether the magnitude of this phenomenon depends on the control group chosen for comparison, and (2) to examine the role of nitric oxide (NO) i...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm/151.3_Pt_1.706
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is a significant disease with survival rates remaining poor despite numerous therapeutic advances during the last 30 years. Understanding lung cancer pathogenesis through murine modeling may improve future human therapies, and new data indicate that mutations within different endogenous stem cells situated...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/rccm.200607-984PP
更新日期:2007-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The inflammatory events in the airways at the time of acute respiratory failure from acute severe asthma are poorly understood. To determine the patterns of cellular inflammation in the airways in acute severe asthma, we analyzed tracheal aspirates collected within 12 h of intubation from patients intubated emergently...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.161.4.9812061
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of renin-angiotensin system components and the elevation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in a number of fibrotic lung diseases suggests angiotensin II (AII) could play a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. However, the effect of AII on lung fibroblasts has not previously been assessed...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.161.6.9907004
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To help assess short-term respiratory responses to summertime air pollution, we exposed 24 asthmatic volunteers aged 11-18 in a chamber to respirable acid aerosol (mass median aerodynamic diameter 0.66 micron) plus 0.3 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) plus 0.2 ppm ozone (O3). The aerosol contained available hydrogen ions (H...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.152.3.7663800
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alveolar epithelial type II cells (AET2) respond with exocytosis of surfactant containing lamellar bodies to stimulation with mechanical stretch and secretagogues, a process that is fundamental for maintaining alveolar stability and lung gas exchange. In the present study in cultured rat AET2, we employed botulinum C2...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.1.9801106
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ineffective lung repair in patients with unresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is accompanied by progressive fibroproliferation, inability to improve lung injury score (LIS), progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and an unfavorable outcome. Our aim was to investigate the relationship...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.5.9801107
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide (CO2) is increased in asthmatics with airway obstruction. Increased vagal afferent activity as well as increased airway resistance have been postulated as the causative mechanisms. However, whether increased vagal afferent activity without bronchoconstriction...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.150.6.7952620
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Roflumilast is a therapeutic agent in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It has antiinflammatory effects; however, it is not known whether it can affect a biologic pathway implicated in COPD pathogenesis and progression. The self-propagating acetyl-proline-glycine-proline (AcPGP) p...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201503-0543OC
更新日期:2015-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms have been associated with several immune-related diseases, and VDR and vitamin D itself modulate T cell differentiation. VDR maps to chromosome 12q, near a region commonly linked to asthma. We evaluated VDR as part of a 12q positional candidate survey, and in response to observat...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200404-447OC
更新日期:2004-11-15 00:00:00