Abstract:
:Childhood stoke is increasingly recognized, but studies remain largely descriptive. Important differences from adult stroke include the following: (1) frequently delayed or missed diagnosis, (2) heterogenous and overlapping risk factors, and (3) developmental differences in the cerebrovascular, neurologic, and coagulation systems. These aspects limit the extrapolation of the results of adult stroke research and present challenges in caring for children with stroke. The incidence of childhood ischemic stroke exceeds 3.3 in 100,000 children per year, more than double the estimates from past decades. The increased incidence reflects, in part, increased survival in previously fatal conditions predisposing to stroke, including congenital heart disease, sickle cell anemia, and leukemia. Risk factors for stroke are recognized in more than 75% of children. Common risk factors include congenital heart disease and sickle cell disease. Progressive arteriopathies, including vasculitis and moyamoya syndrome, are rare in children with stroke; however, transient arteriopathies including post-varicella angiopathy are increasingly recognized. Prothrombotic abnormalities are frequently present but of unclear significance. Adverse outcomes after childhood stroke, including death in 10%, recurrence in 20%, and neurologic deficits in two thirds of survivors could be reduced with available stroke treatments. Aggressive prehospital emergency care and transfer could improve access to hyperacute stroke therapies including tPA. Currently, the diagnosis is delayed by more than 24 hours from onset in most children. As in adults, tPA will likely produce unacceptable rates of intracerebral hemmorrhage unless given within 3 hours of stroke symptom onset. The appropriate choices for in hospital treatment and secondary preventative strategies, including aspirin and anticoagulants, are controversial. Empiric recommendations are published; however, age-appropriate clinical trials are urgently needed. The large multinational networks of investigators necessary for designing and conducting these future trials are now being formed.
journal_name
Semin Pediatr Neuroljournal_title
Seminars in pediatric neurologyauthors
deVeber G,Roach ES,Riela AR,Wiznitzer Mdoi
10.1053/spen.2000.20074keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-12-01 00:00:00pages
309-17issue
4eissn
1071-9091issn
1558-0776pii
S1071-9091(00)80025-Xjournal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::This neuropathologic case study illustrates the discovery of metachronous hemorrhagic infarcts insinuating round mass-like lesions by magnetic resonance imaging in the setting of childhood primary angiitis of the central nervous system (cPACNS) raising diagnostic awareness of this unusual presentation in a clinical an...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Headache is a common problem in children and adolescents. Its recurrent and disabling nature may lead to use of neuroimaging to exclude secondary causes of headache such as Chiari I malformation (CM I). CM I has a variety of presentation with headache being the most common symptom. CM I can be asymptomatic and is also...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Migraine is the most frequent type of headache in children. In the 1980s, scientists first hypothesized a connection between migraine and mitochondrial (mt) disorders. More recent studies have suggested that at least some subtypes of migraine may be related to a mt defect. Different types of evidence support a relatio...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.spen.2013.09.002
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.spen.2004.11.001
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1071-9091(96)80011-8
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.spen.2006.06.006
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A seven year-old male presented to his pediatrician with choreiform movements and a recent history of sore throat. He was diagnosed with Sydenham's chorea based on clinical criteria and laboratory evidence. Worsening symptoms prompted a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain which demonstrated evidence of Moyam...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.spen.2010.01.004
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/pb.2000.6690
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journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Epilepsy in children is mostly diagnosed and treated in an ambulatory office setting. This article reviews the literature and offers opinions about the best practice from the time of diagnosis through to remission and beyond. The diagnosis and assignment of an epilepsy syndrome may be difficult, and even experts disag...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::The occurrence of seizures in the sleep state is observed in nearly one third of patients. This is caused by an intimate relationship between the physiological state of sleep and the pathological process underlying epileptic seizures. Both sleep and sleep deprivation influence the frequency of epileptiform discharges ...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.spen.2008.03.007
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial, pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder defined by the core symptoms of significant impairment in social interaction and communication as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. In addition to these core behaviors, persons with ASD frequently have associat...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Routine serum antiepileptic (AED) drug levels and laboratory monitoring for drug toxicity have crept into clinical practice. The value of these routines is uncertain. Serum drug levels do not clearly improve seizure control, predict adverse effects, or influence compliance. Routine laboratory testing appears neither s...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infants with congenital infections are at high risk for developmental disabilities. Because of this increased-risk status, they require comprehensive, longitudinal follow-up that should begin in the neonatal period with sensory, developmental, and neuromotor assessments as well as neuroradiological imaging. Reassessme...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral palsy (CP) registers appear to be appropriate tools for answering questions regarding the prevalence and characteristics of this common childhood disability. Registers are population databases issuing from multiple sources, relying on a clear definition and inclusion and exclusion criteria of CP, and requirin...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.spen.2004.01.004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infections of the central nervous system are a significant cause of neurologic dysfunction in resource-limited countries, especially in Africa. The prevalence is not known and is most likely underestimated because of the lack of access to accurate diagnostic screens. For children, the legacy of subsequent neurodisabil...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.spen.2014.02.003
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has contributed dramatically to our understanding of the newborn with neurologic problems. Recently developed magnetic resonance techniques, such as fetal MRI and MR spectroscopy, offer additional insight into normal and pathologic processes affecting the fetal and neonatal CNS. This a...
journal_title:Seminars in pediatric neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/spen.2001.24838
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00