Abstract：
:Essential hypertension is an escalating problem for industrialized populations. It is currently seen as a 'complex' genetic trait caused by multiple susceptibility genes the effects of which are modulated by gene-environment and gene-gene interactions. Nevertheless, the success to date in identifying these susceptibility genes has been very limited. A number of candidates has been proposed, but demonstrating consistently the linkage or association with hypertension has been problematic. The data for angiotensinogen is undoubtedly the most extensive and meta-analysis has confirmed a significant association overall, although the risk contributed by this gene appears to be modest (odds ratio of 1.2). Identifying further genes - probably conferring even smaller attributable risks - represents a major challenge for future developments in this area. This contrasts markedly with the success that has been achieved in the past 5 years in solving the molecular genetics of a number of rare familial hypertension syndromes. The true incidences of some of these disorders may be higher than first appreciated, but it is still unclear if the genes for these syndromes also play a part in essential hypertension. A more complete understanding of the genetic basis of essential hypertension should be possible in the coming years using new strategies that take advantage of the information provided by the human genome project. This knowledge will irrevocably change the way we approach this disease in terms of its diagnosis, risk assessment for end-points such as stroke and heart disease, and the customised treatment that might be offered in the future.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
O'Shaughnessy KMdoi
10.1046/j.1365-2125.2001.01254.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-01-01 00:00:00pages
5-11issue
1eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125pii
bcp1254journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The effect of isotonic bicycle exercise on beta 2-adrenoceptors and cAMP production in lymphocytes was studied. The origin of the newly exposed receptors was studied by measuring radioligand binding in the presence of hydrophylic or lipophylic 'cold' ligands. During exercise beta 2-adrenoceptor density increased from ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb05487.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To summarize and extend the main conclusions and recommendations relevant to drug management during acute kidney disease (AKD) as agreed at the 16th Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) consensus conference. METHODS:Using a modified Delphi method to achieve consensus, experts attending the 16th ADQI consensus ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.13449
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The aim was to investigate the population pharmacokinetics of levamisole in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. METHODS:Non-linear mixed effects modelling was performed on samples collected during a randomized controlled trial. Samples were collected from children who were receiving 2.5 mg kg(-1) l...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.12607
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:In 2017, concerns regarding adverse events (AEs) associated with the Mirena levonorgestrel intrauterine device were largely echoed in the media in France. This resulted in a tremendous reporting of AEs to pharmacovigilance centres. The aim of this study was to describe the reporting of AEs regarding Mirena in Fran...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.14027
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The beta-adrenergic blocking potencies of practolol, ICI 66082, tolamolol, acebutolol, H 93/26, H 87/07, pindolol and Ro 3-4787 were compared with that of propranolol, on human and rat adipocytes. 2. A good correlation was found between the potencies on adipocytes of the two species but not between our results and ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1975.tb02776.x
更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aim was to describe the utilization of antidiabetic agents, in terms of persistence and regimen change, in the management of a cohort of newly treated type 2 diabetes patients and to investigate associated socio-demographic and treatment factors. METHODS:A population-based retrospective cohort study was condu...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.12573
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To investigate the association between risk of lupus and exposure to selected drugs implicated in risk of lupus in a number of case reports. METHODS:In this matched nested case-control study we utilized primary care data from the UK General Practice Research Database recorded between 1987 and 2001. Cases with at l...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03733.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Our study aimed to evaluate the impacts of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B6-G516T and CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms on pharmacokinetic and clinical parameters in patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment. METHODS:Opioid PhArmacoLogy (OPAL) was a clinical survey of the sociodemographic characteristics, histor...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/bcp.13936
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Potential therapies for ischaemic stroke include agents to reduce oedema, to improve cerebral perfusion, to reduce excitotoxic damage, to minimise free-radical induced injury and to reduce complications such as deep venous thrombosis. 2. Of the anti-oedema drugs, steroids are ineffective and possibly dangerous; int...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb05655.x
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We investigated the effect of the haemostatic agent ethamsylate on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal bleeding. 2. Eighteen healthy subjects were studied three times: at the end of 48 h periods of treatment with (a) placebo, (b) aspirin 600 mg four times daily, (9 doses) and (c) aspirin 600 mg four times daily with ea...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03512.x
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aim of this study was to determine the potential influence of variables such as the cell content in the fluid, and serum levels, on the concentrations of ceftibuten, cefixime and azithromycin in the middle ear fluid of patients suffering from acute otitis media. METHODS:This randomized, open study compared th...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00887.x
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for lopinavir in combination with ritonavir, in which the interaction between both drugs was characterized, and in which relationships between patient characteristics and pharmacokinetics were identified. METHODS:The pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with r...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02455.x
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We have tested the hypothesis that the fall in hepatic mass with age influences the age related increase in sensitivity to warfarin. In 39 otherwise healthy outpatients, aged 50-87 years, stabilised on warfarin for prophylaxis of thromboembolism, age, mean International Normalised Ratio (INR), and mean warfarin dos...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of new insights and revised guidelines on initial and follow-up treatment with antihyperglycaemic drugs over the period 1998-2003. METHODS:The InterAction Database (IADB), which contains pharmacy dispensing data from 53 community pharmacies in the Northern and E...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02711.x
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The efficacy of felodipine a new calcium channel blocker with selective vasodilator activity in the management of severe low output cardiac failure, secondary to coronary heart disease, was determined in 10 patients. 2. Haemodynamic measurements were made at rest and during dynamic exercise and left ventricular fun...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1988.tb05254.x
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To evaluate a context-learning pharmacotherapy programme for approximately 750 2nd, 3rd and 4th year preclinical medical students with respect to mastering cognitive pharmacotherapeutic skills, i.e. choosing a (drug) treatment and determining patient information. METHODS:The context-learning pharmacotherapy progra...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02742.x
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Shivering is frequent during the post-anaesthetic recovery period, and there is no clear consensus about the best strategy for its treatment. We tested the efficacy of two commonly used analgesic drugs, pethidine and metamizol. 2. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed, includin...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.04124.x
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Previous studies of propranolol disposition in renal failure have been conflicting. 2 Using simultaneous administration of [3H]-propranolol intravenously and unlabelled propranolol orally the principal determinants of drug distribution were calculated in normals, patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine cle...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1980.tb00511.x
更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To compare gastric acid suppression by netazepide, a gastrin/CCK2 receptor antagonist, with that by a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), and to determine if netazepide can prevent the trophic effects of PPI-induced hypergastrinaemia. METHODS:Thirty healthy subjects completed a double-blind, randomized, parallel group t...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/bcp.12534
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The frequency distributions of the 0-8 h urinary metabolic ratios of debrisoquine and mephenytoin were measured in 111 healthy, unrelated Sinhalese resident in Sri Lanka. Blood samples were taken from 77 of these subjects for CYP2D6 genotyping. Bimodality in the distribution of the log10 debrisoquine/4-hydroxydebrisoq...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04384.x
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects on carotid artery blood flow of atenolol (a selective beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist) and xamoterol (a beta 1-adrenoceptor partial agonist with 43% agonist activity) were measured using a Doppler technique in eight healthy volunteers. Atenolol produced a decrease in blood pressure and blood velocity flow, ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03578.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-related effects of ibuprofen (placebo, 400 and 800 mg rac-ibuprofen [Aktren], administered orally) on experimentally-induced tonic and phasic pain. 2. Eighteen volunteers participated in this randomized, double-blind, three-fold cross-over study. Measurements were o...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb05712.x
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of heart failure due to chronic myocardial infarction on the responsiveness to injected angiotensin I and ACE inhibition by intravenous cilazapril (1 mg kg-1) were evaluated. 2. For this purpose one group of 17 rats with a 4-week old myocardial infarction was compared with a group of 10 sham operated ra...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03478.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using a variety of radioimmunoassay methods, plasma digoxin concentrations were measured in two patients before and after the administration of ovine Fab antibody fragments to remove the effects of digoxin. Gross method-dependent anomalies in the results due to in vitro drug interaction were observed. More widespread ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02194.x
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:All beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs that have been described share the common property of being competitive inhibitors. They differ in their associated properties, the presence or absence of cardioselectivity, membrane stabilizing activity, and partial agonist activity. Recently some beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1978.tb01644.x
更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To examine the influence of a pharmaceutical care programme on disease control and health-related quality of life in Type 2 diabetes patients in the United Arab Emirates. METHODS:A total of 240 Type 2 diabetes patients were recruited into a randomized, controlled, prospective clinical trial with a 12-month follow...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03391.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Prescribing errors are common and inadequate preparation of prescribers appears to contribute. A junior doctor-led prescribing tutorial programme has been developed for Edinburgh final year medical students to increase exposure to common prescribing tasks. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of these tu...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcp.12147
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The pharmacokinetics of proguanil were evaluated in patients with acute P. falciparum malaria receiving concomitantly proguanil hydrochloride and atovaquone. The population consisted of 203 Blacks, 112 Orientals and 55 Malays; 274 males and 96 females. Of the 370 patients, 114 and 256 patients were classified as 'p...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1996.tb00114.x
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT:* Only one other study (Becker et al.) has reported on the influence of smoking cessation and smoking resumption on inhaled insulin pharmacokinetics and glucodynamics, concluding that the rapid changes associated with smoking resumption carry the risk for hypoglycaemia and thus ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.03041.x
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The oral kinetics of oxazepam after a single 15 mg oral dose was investigated in six healthy volunteers before and during concomitant administration of the beta-adrenoceptor antagonists propranolol (80 mg) and labetalol (200 mg) (racemates). 2. A possible pharmacodynamic interaction between oxazepam and the beta-ad...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03599.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
