Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:Assessment of the dimensions of the cardiac chambers and the great arteries in the human fetus may be helpful in the prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease. The purpose of this prospective cross-sectional study was to compile normative data in fetal cardiac measurements in early pregnancy. The structure of the fetal heart was examined in 136 normal singleton fetuses between 10 and 17 weeks of gestation. METHODS:The transversal heart diameter, both ventricular dimensions, interventricular septal thickness, heart area, heart circumference, thoracic diameter, thoracic circumference and thoracic area were measured in the four-chamber view during diastole. Diameters of the pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta were obtained in the short axis and long axis view during systole. Ultrasound examinations were performed with a 5.0-MHz transvaginal and/or transabdominal phased-array sector scanner. RESULTS:The four-chamber view and the cross-over of the pulmonary artery and the aorta were adequately visualized in 44% of the fetuses at 10 weeks of gestation, in 75% at 11 weeks of gestation, in 93% at 12 weeks of gestation and in 100% of the fetuses at 13-17 weeks of gestation. Before 14 weeks of gestation transvaginal sonography was superior to the transabdominal sonography in visualization of the fetal heart and great arteries. After 14 weeks of gestation transabdominal sonography accurately demonstrated the structure of the fetal heart. The ratio of right and left ventricle (RV/LV) and the ratio of the pulmonary trunk and aorta (PT/AO) were constant during this period of gestation (approximately 1.00 and 1. 10, respectively). The ratio of the cardiac and thoracic area showed only a slight increase with advancing gestational age, but with significant correlation. The fetal heart rate showed a slow decrease from 167 to 150 bpm in this period of gestation. The transversal heart diameter, both ventricular dimensions, interventricular septal thickness, heart area, cardiothoracic diameter ratio, aortic diameter and the pulmonary trunk diameter showed a highly significant linear correlation to the gestational age and the biparietal diameter. CONCLUSION:The advancing quality of ultrasound images allows fetal echocardiography in the first and early second trimester. Our normative data could be the basis of studying the development of cardiac structures in congenital heart disease and it might be helpful in the detection of some congenital heart defects in early pregnancy.
journal_name
Fetal Diagn Therjournal_title
Fetal diagnosis and therapyauthors
Gembruch U,Shi C,Smrcek JMdoi
10.1159/000020970keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-01-01 00:00:00pages
20-31issue
1eissn
1015-3837issn
1421-9964pii
20970journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis using circulating fetal trophoblast cells has been challenging due to lack of a reproducible trophoblast-specific antibody. We investigated the use of three trophoblast cell-specific antibodies, HLA-G, placenta growth factor, and neuroD2, for the isolation of trophoblast cells...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000097102
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reproductive genetic testing technologies are expanding at an exponential rate. Nurses are increasingly being called upon to provide these services to women. This paper discusses the status of nursing education in genetics and identifies immediate needs for nurses in order to be adequately prepared to respond to these...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000263892
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Myelomeningocele is a neural tube defect resulting in an exposed spinal cord, which leads to irreversible neurologic damage at birth. We proposed development of a fetal rabbit model of myelomeningocele to study in utero spinal cord injury and repair strategies. METHODS:New Zealand white rabbits (n = 10) at 2...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000021021
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchopulmonary sequestration with associated nonimmune hydrops has been previously reported with generally poor prognosis for the neonate. We report a case of bronchopulmonary sequestration and associated pleural effusion successfully managed with a transthoracic catheter placement. The embryology and clinical patho...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000263532
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To validate an updated version (Version 2) of a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based noninvasive prenatal test (NIPT) and to determine the likelihood of success when testing for fetal aneuploidies following a redraw. METHODS:Version 2 was analytically validated using 587 plasma samples with known genot...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000442931
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::At 28 weeks of amenorrhea, 1 fetus of a monoamniotic twin pregnancy died. Ultrasound and Doppler investigations of the surviving twin were normal. Three weeks later, endovaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed massive bilateral cerebral ischemic necrosis in the surviving twin. In utero fetal blood s...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000264487
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the value of circulating luteinizing human chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) forms for the prediction of preeclampsia (PE) in the first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS:Case-control study, based on a cohort of 5,759 pregnancies, including 20 early PE, 20 late PE, and 300 controls. We recorded...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000371516
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Septal agenesis is a rare cerebral developmental anomaly characterized by partial or complete absence of the septum pellucidum (ASP). Septal agenesis may be associated with various congenital brain malformations, namely holoprosencephaly, septooptic dysplasia (SOD), schizencephaly or agenesis of the corpus callosum. C...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000338009
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the feasibility of offline anatomic M-mode (AMM) to study fetal atrioventricular annulus long-axis displacement (LAD) and compare its performance against real-time conventional M-mode (MM). MATERIAL AND METHODS:Paired AMM and MM LAD studies were recorded prospectively in 54 fetuses, and performance was...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000330790
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in spontaneous abortions is much higher than commonly appreciated. Using postmortem chorionic villus sampling (as we have previously described), our much increased yield of results allows us to divide embryos into two groups based upon potential viability. Embryonic size at t...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000263821
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present 2 cases of maternal mortality after transabdominal amniocentesis performed during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy. In both these cases, blood cultures revealed Escherichia coli. Broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotic treatment started immediately after admission to the hospital did not change the rapid progre...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000075150
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the neonatal outcome in red blood cell alloimmunised pregnancies at increased risk of fetal anaemia where invasive testing was avoided based on reassuring middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler velocity results. METHODS:We included 28 alloimmunised pregnant women at significant risk of fetal or neona...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000086809
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Chronic reduction of oxygen and nutrient delivery to the fetus has been related to neurodevelopmental problems. Placental underperfusion induces a significant reduction in oxygen and nutrient delivery, whereas maternal undernutrition causes mainly nutrient deficiency. A comparison of the neurodevelopmental...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000454859
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic adrenal masses are unusual in the fetus. The most common diagnosis for adrenal cyst is hemorrhage. We report 2 cases of cystic neuroblastoma diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound. In each case, diagnosis was confirmed in the neonatal period first by scintigraphy, then by histology. Differential diagnosis and manag...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000263946
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functional residual capacity (FRC) was measured at 2-8 (median 4) weeks of age in 100 infants whose mothers had entered a randomized trial of amniocentesis versus chorion villus sampling (CVS) at 10-13 weeks gestation. At measurement all of the infants were well and none had respiratory problems. No significant differ...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000263638
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe the course of total and ionized magnesium and total calcium levels in maternal serum during low-risk pregnancies and to compare women who developed preterm labor and delivery with those who delivered at term. METHODS:209 women with low-risk pregnancies were enrolled in a prospective trial before...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000020952
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of sirenomelia in a 27-year-old woman detected at 11 weeks 5 days of gestation is presented. It was suspected by two-dimensional sonography and color Doppler imaging. Three-dimensional ultrasound confirmed the final diagnosis. With detailed evaluation of the acquired volumes, valuable information was obtained a...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000236359
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficiency of percutaneous intratumor laser ablation for fetal solid sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT). SUBJECTS AND METHODS:We carried out percutaneous ultrasound-guided intratumor laser ablation through a 17-gauge needle using an output of 40 W in 7 fetuses with large solid SCT and reviewed the...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000500775
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Characterization of marker chromosomes before the introduction of array CGH (aCGH) assays was only based on their banding patterns (G, C, and NOR staining) and fluorescent in situ hybridization techniques. The use of aCGH greatly improves the identification of marker chromosomes in some cases. We describe an atypical ...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000347049
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We report the first case of thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) successfully diagnosed in utero by a combination of 2-D ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) 3-D imaging and genetic analysis at 26 weeks' gestation. METHODS:Prenatal sonographic examinations performed at 23 weeks' gestation revealed micromelic shorten...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000170092
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a congenital heart malformation that can be diagnosed in the fetus by indirect indicators on an echocardiogram, such as inability to demonstrate the pulmonary veins returning to the left atrium by color Doppler, the presence of a chamber or the pulmonary venous conflu...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000279330
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the sequential combination of ultrasound screening for fetal aneuploidy at 11-14 weeks with maternal biochemistry at 12-14 and 15-18 weeks of gestation. METHODS:A prospective study including 1,656 women, with a singleton pregnancy booked before 13 weeks of gestation. Nuchal translucency (NT) thic...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000020900
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The umbilical artery, aorta, and middle cerebral artery pulsatility indices were investigated by pulsed Doppler ultrasound in 73 fetuses at 18-37 weeks of gestation, before and after fetal blood sampling performed either at the placental cord insertion (n = 46) or at the intrahepatic vein (n = 27). At the end of the p...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000264251
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed morphometric measurements from midgestational fetal necropsies and shown that arm and foot lengths are linear relationships versus gestational age (GA). Using foot length as the GA determinant, we found that the ratio of arm:foot length was also a linear relationship and was decreased in trisomy 21 fe...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000263920
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine if: (1) human umbilical cord stem cells could survive for 20 h in extra-embryonic celomic fluid obtained at 40 days of development from baboon pregnancies by ultrasound-guided celocentesis and, (2) human hematopoietic stem cell survival could be enhanced by adding increasing concentrations of he...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000097112
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of in vitro fertilization techniques increases the frequency of pathological implantation. However, simultaneous pregnancies are a rarity. Ectopic implantation of the embryo may occur in the cervical canal. This is the first case report, which describes successful management of an intrauterine twin pregnancy which...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000089300
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this study was to obtain precise knowledge of fetal biometric measurements, in particular crown-rump length (CRL). Our results have been carefully compared to equations found in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Single-operator measurements of 2,123 spontaneous pregnancies from a genera...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000339272
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE AND METHODS:We report a girl presenting with a polymalformation syndrome. Despite a normal karyotype on peripheral lymphocytes and the unavailability of cultured fibroblasts, a tetrasomy 12p was identified on pulmonary DNA extracted from a postmortem biopsy, by use of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) a...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000095658
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the safety and efficacy of ventriculoamniotic shunt placement through a hysterotomy in the second trimester of pregnancy as treatment for isolated obstructive hydrocephalus. METHODS:Between 1999 and 2003, four pregnancies with isolated fetal obstructive hydrocephalus in the second trimester were...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000095668
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine whether brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) assessed by ultrasonography during the late first trimester is able to predict the occurrence of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. METHODS:Maternal endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial arter...
journal_title:Fetal diagnosis and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000366059
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00