Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To study the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) at a very early stage and to evaluate clinical markers of presymptomatic AD. SETTING:Longitudinal study at a university hospital. SUBJECTS:A Swedish family harboring a double mutation at codons 670/671 of the APP gene on chromosome 21 was followed longitudinally for 3 years. Both mutation carriers and noncarriers participated. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS:Results from clinical investigations, electroencephalography, neuropsychological and neuroradiological examinations including magnetic resonance imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography were assessed and compared on two or more occasions. MAIN OUTCOME:During follow-up, 1 initially asymptomatic mutation carrier who was near the expected age of onset for this family, developed cognitive symptoms, and at the end of the follow-up fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for AD. One mutation carrier with cognitive symptoms at the first examination showed clinical deterioration and was diagnosed with AD. One demented mutation carrier died and was shown to have typical AD neuropathology at autopsy. The two remaining asymptomatic mutation carriers, as well as all the noncarriers were asymptomatic. These mutation carriers who were near the expected age of onset of AD but without clinical signs of the disease, did not show changes in either electrophysiological parameters or volumes of the temporal lobes. However, in these 2 individuals the blood flow in the temporal lobe showed intermediate values between the symptomatic mutation carriers and healthy noncarriers. Two neuropsychological tests showed a deterioration that paralleled clinical symptoms in 1 of the mutation carriers who was close to the expected age of onset and who at the end of the follow-up had clinical signs of AD. In the same subject, brain glucose metabolism was pathologically reduced in the temporal lobes before other clinical symptoms were obvious. CONCLUSION:In this familial form of AD a reduced temporal lobe glucose metabolism was indicative of AD before the expected clinical onset. Reduced glucose metabolism even preceded the development of subjective or objective cognitive dysfunction and might therefore serve as a clinical marker for AD before the onset of clinical symptoms. Reduced cerebral blood flow in the temporal lobes and cognitive deterioration paralleled the clinical decline in the early stage of the disease. Copyrightz1999S.KargerAG,Basel
journal_name
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disordjournal_title
Dementia and geriatric cognitive disordersauthors
Wahlund LO,Basun H,Almkvist O,Julin P,Axelman K,Shigeta M,Jelic V,Nordberg A,Lannfelt Ldoi
10.1159/000017200keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-11-01 00:00:00pages
526-33issue
6eissn
1420-8008issn
1421-9824pii
17200journal_volume
10pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with Alzheimer's disease. Psychosis, agitation, apathy and depression were assessed using standardised measures in 32 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease. METHODS:The level...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137671
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The objective of this study was to investigate the relation between impaired fine motor skills in Parkinson disease (PD) patients and their cognitive status, and to determine whether fine motor skills are more impaired in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) than in non-MCI patients. METHODS:Twenty PD...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000448751
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:The frontal assessment battery (FAB) is reported to be a useful tool for screening frontal function. However, the neural substrates involved remain to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to identify the brain regions responsible for FAB performance in patients with early dementia. We sought ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000198687
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Midlife hypertension followed by late life hypotension resulting from neurodegeneration increases amyloidogenesis and tauopathy. METHODS:Consecutive outpatients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) at various stages and their respective caregivers were assessed for score variations in 1 year of tests as...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000447585
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLAb) may cause both focal ischemic and diffuse brain damage and may be associated with dementia. We have examined the relationship of aPLAb to dementia in the elderly. Blood samples were obtained from 87 consecutive patients with dementia (74 +/- 11 years old) and 69 controls (78 +/- 9 y...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000017211
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We screened for tau gene mutations among 24 Japanese (6 familial and 18 sporadic cases) and 4 Polish patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) using PCR-SSCP analysis followed by DNA sequencing. We identified 2 missense mutations in exon 10: N279K and P301L in 2 Japanese patients with familial FTD. Additionally 3 DN...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000051285
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is often misdiagnosed as Alzheimer's disease (AD). We hypothesized that the first symptoms associated with FTD would be different from those seen in AD and that the first symptoms in FTD would reflect loss of function in the frontal region with the greatest degree of degeneration. The obj...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000017251
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Low muscle strength and muscle mass are associated with adverse outcomes in older hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to assess the association between cognitive functioning and muscle strength and muscle mass in hospitalized older patients. METHODS:This prospective inception cohort included 37...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000486711
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delirium is one of the most frequent symptoms of disease in the elderly. A large variation of incidence and prevalence data is reported probably due to different patient populations and inconsistent diagnostic criteria. In medical and surgical elderly inpatients recent studies report a prevalence rate of approximately...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000017161
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data were derived from the Cochrane Collaboration meta-analyses of the efficacies of ginkgo, donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine on changes in cognitive function in patients with dementia and, where necessary, were transformed to standardized mean differences. The proportion of patients discontinuing trials was us...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1159/000079388
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is the major genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has also been implicated in cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline and cognitive changes in healthy ageing. The aim of this paper is to systematically review and critically assess the association between the APOE ge...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000109150
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene has in many studies been identified as a susceptibility factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The APOE association is rather strong, but other not yet identified genetic factors are assumed to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Recently an association between an intronic polymorphism...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000017037
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:To explore the presenting and early symptoms of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). METHOD:Patients with mild dementia fulfilling diagnostic criteria for DLB (n = 61) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 109) were recruited from outpatient dementia clinics in western Norway. At diagnosis, caregivers were ask...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000333072
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is generally understood as primarily affecting cognition while sparing motor function, at least until the later stages of the disease. Studies reported over the past 10 years, however, have documented a prevalence of falls in AD patients significantly higher than in age-matched normal elders; ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000105126
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten years after the introduction of the first drug, tacrine, in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, it seems appropriate to re-appraise the pharmacological processes of innovation in the research field of dementia. The aim of this review is to pinpoint concrete improvements achieved in this field, regarding experime...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000084400
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are two common forms of primary neurodegenerative dementia. Mutations in 3 genes (PSEN1, PSEN2, and APP) have been identified in patients with early-onset AD. METHODS:We performed gene sequencing in PSEN1, PSEN2, and APP in 61 AD and 35 FTD Chinese ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000366272
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:To investigate neuroanatomical substrates of unawareness of memory deficits in patients with early Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS:We compared regional perfusion deficits between AD patients with awareness (n = 19) and unawareness (n = 19). SPECT data were analyzed by statistical brain imaging method...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000119594
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Different studies have proven the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation (CS) for people with mild to moderate dementia, but further research is needed to gain insight into how CS interventions should be designed and developed. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to gather and analyze data about th...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000504799
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Corpus callosum atrophy possibly indicates neuronal degeneration in association cortex in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Water diffusivity allows detecting physiological changes that probably occur earlier than structural shrinkage in cerebral regions during the development of AD. OBJECTIVE:To simultaneously inv...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000094934
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:To evaluate whether dementia patients prescribed antipsychotic drugs have a higher mortality compared to unexposed patients, and to investigate whether there are differences in mortality associated with exposure to conventional versus atypical antipsychotic drugs. METHODS:Retrospective population cohor...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000326213
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate life expectancy of psychogeriatric patients having participated in a reactivation program. To identify prognostic characteristics - on admission - for survival after discharge. DESIGN:A prospective, clinical-empirical observational study. SETTING:A Dutch psychiatric-skilled nursing home. PARTI...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000077731
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) usually presents with clinical and neuroimaging findings consistent with single or multiple intracranial mass lesions. On cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), such lesions are nearly always contrast enhancing, reflecting disruption of the blood-brain barrier at the ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000017116
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychosis is common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and contributes substantially to patient morbidity and caregiver distress. Antipsychotic medications are used to treat psychosis and other psychiatric or behavioral symptoms in AD, although optimal treatment guidelines have been elusive. Choosing the most a...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000074279
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of the cerebral white matter (WM) in experimental models of hypoxia and ischemia has been for a long time neglected, the interest of investigators being focused on the response of the neuronal population. The increasing frequency with which modern neuroimaging techniques disclose alterations of the WM of pos...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000051185
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study was designed to determine the acceptability, feasibility and validity of measuring quality of life in a representative sample of dementia patients with a generic instrument, the Duke Health Profile. METHOD:The French version of the Duke Health Profile was administered to 148 subjects with a mental ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000051251
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The NMDA receptor is composed of several subunits, of which the receptor 2b subunit (NR2b) is of particular significance for AD. Abundant in the hippocampus of normal subjects, reductions in NR2b have ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000048639
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously reported that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was expressed on vascular endothelial cells from postmortem specimens of demented but not cognitively normal subjects. In the present study, we examined skin biopsies from 35 living patients who were either normal or had a clinical diagnosis of p...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000017016
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previously, key studies of the risk profile for post-surgical delirium have focused on general medical and non-elective patients, few have examined elective cohorts. Accurate prediction is imperative for clinical trials and prevention strategies. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:Our hypothesis was that subtle pre-operative ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000101453
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The concept of the cognitive reserve (CR) hypothesizes that premorbid factors such as education enable compensation for the manifestation of brain pathology. Accordingly, pathology should be more prominent in individuals with higher CR before becoming clinically apparent. Previously, we found that patients s...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000234912
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:The aim of the study was to investigate the association of postoperative delirium with the outcomes of cognitive impairment, functional disability and death. METHODS:Hip surgery patients aged 60 years or over (n = 200) underwent preoperative and daily postoperative assessment of their cognitive status ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000140804
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00