Abstract：
:At the request of the Service des Haras, our laboratory works on the toxicological problems of the sport-horse. These studies have resulted in the setting up of an anti-doping control for equestrian competitions of various types, not only flat racing. During events, horses, must be calm and docile to the riders' order. Frequently, the latter use tranquillizers to try and win events. The analytical method for the research and identification of these compounds is described. The technique involves successively: 1. alkalinisation of the sample - saliva, blood or urine after enzymatic hydrolysis. 2. extraction with diethyl ether - the recovery is 70% to 90% depending upon the drug. 3. determination by gas-liquid chromatography with use of a retention index for qualitative analysis. We can detect up to fifteen tranquillizers in any one sample, even when present at such low concentrations as found in saliva. The use of the retention index is a reliable method for qualitative analysis. For example, the method has been used for three years, during which period the rentention index of acetylpromazine remained at 3240 +/- 7. The chromatographic analysis was performed on 3% OV-17 at 290 degrees. The chromatographic analysis has been performed by three columns of different polarity (OV-1; OV-17; SP-2250). If on the three columns, the retention index of one peak is the same as that of the tranquilizer, a further confirmation is made with the use of a thermionic detector specific for nitrogenous drugs. In conclusion, this method which is sufficiently precise and specific has been used for anti-doping control.
journal_name
Br J Sports Medjournal_title
British journal of sports medicineauthors
Courtot Ddoi
10.1136/bjsm.10.3.143keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-10-01 00:00:00pages
143-6issue
3eissn
0306-3674issn
1473-0480journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish the relation between handball playing, passive hip range of motion (ROM), and the development of radiological hip osteoarthritis (OA) in former elite handball players. Two related issues are addressed: (a) the relation between long term elite handball playing and the incidence of hip OA; (b) the ...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2005.019026
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cell adhesion molecules are proteins expressed on the surface of a variety of cells and mediate the leucocyte response to inflammation. Some of these molecules are released to the plasma as soluble forms, whose presence indicates the degree of vascular endothelial activation or dysfunction. Increased concent...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2006.031047
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the effectiveness of physical activity interventions involving mobile applications (apps) or trackers with automated and continuous self-monitoring and feedback. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:PubMed and seven additional databases, from 2007 to 2020. STUDY SELECTION:R...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2020-102892
更新日期：2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The current methods measuring sports activity after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury are commonly restricted to the most knee-demanding sports, and do not consider participation in multiple sports. We therefore developed an online activity survey to prospectively record the monthly participation in al...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2012-092075
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nine healthy male subjects differing in their training status (VO2 max 54 +/- 7 ml.min-1.kg-1, mean +/- SD; 43-64 ml.min-1 kg-1, range) exercised on two occasions separated by one week. On each occasion, having fasted overnight, subjects exercised for 1 h on an electrically braked cycle ergometer at a workload equival...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1136/bjsm.23.2.109
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:A conservative method of treating four delayed union stress fractures of the anterior mid-tibia is described, with an illustrative case history. METHODS:Once diagnosed each of the patients was treated in a pneumatic lower leg brace with modified rest. The mean (range) age of the patients was 28 (24-32) ye...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.35.1.74
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Active Script Programme (ASP) aimed to increase the number of general practitioners (GPs) in Victoria, Australia who deliver appropriate, consistent, and effective advice on physical activity to patients. To maximise GP participation, a capacity building strategy within Divisions of General Practice (DGP...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2002.001297
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Functional strength deficits associated with chronic isolated posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) insufficiency have received limited attention in the literature. The purpose of this study was to determine the eccentric and concentric isokinetic moment characteristics of the quadriceps and hamstrings in a sampl...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.33.6.405
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is limited information about Achilles tendon disorders in professional football. AIMS:To investigate the incidence, injury circumstances, lay-off times and reinjury rates of Achilles tendon disorders in male professional football. METHODS:A total of 27 clubs from 10 countries and 1743 players have be...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2013-092271
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the protective eyewear promotion (PEP) project, which was a comprehensive educational strategy to increase the use of appropriate protective eyewear by squash players. METHODS:An ecological study design was used. Four squash venues in one playing association were randomly chosen to receive PEP an...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2005.018366
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:B-mode measurement of the sagital diameter of the Achilles tendon based on a manual tracing (MT) procedure is partly dependent on the subjectivity of the reader. The aim of this study is to establish a standardised automatic procedure to differentiate between normal and chronically degenerated tendons. For t...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2007.037812
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A focus on low body weight and body fat content, combined with regulations in some weight-sensitive sports, are considered risk factors for extreme dieting, eating disorders (EDs) and related health consequences among athletes. At present there are, from a health perspective, no generally accepted optimum values for b...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 共识发展会议,杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2013-092966
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acclimatisation to environmental hypoxia initiates a series of metabolic and musculocardio-respiratory adaptations that influence oxygen transport and utilisation, or better still, being born and raised at altitude, is necessary to achieve optimal physical performance at altitude, scientific evidence to support the po...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/bjsm.31.3.183
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In this study, the amplitude and time distribution of power output in a variety of competitive cycling events through the use of a new mathematical analysis was examined: exposure variation analysis (EVA). DESIGN:Descriptive field study. SETTING:Various professional road cycling events, including; a 5-day-e...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2008.047787
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Severe cervical spine injury in rugby union (rugby) exerts a major impact on the individual who sustains the injury and on the broader society. Since the late 1970s, authors of rugby case report studies have postulated that the underlying mechanism of cervical spine injury is hyperflexion of the neck. Howeve...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2011-090360
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate and synthesise the literature on hip strength among patients with patellofemoral pain (PFP) to address the following: (1) differentiate between hip strength as a risk factor and associated deficit in PFP; (2) describe hip strength in men and women with PFP across different age ranges; (3) investig...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2013-093305
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the influence of anthropometric parameters on race performance in ultra-endurance triathletes. DESIGN:Descriptive field study. SETTING:The Triple Iron Triathlon Germany 2006 in Lensahn over 11.6 km swimming, 540 km cycling and 126.6 km running. SUBJECTS:17 male Caucasian triathletes (mean (...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2007.039602
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The aim of this review is to summarise issues surrounding the measurement of physical activity (PA) by self-report and accelerometry in youth (2-18 years old). Current levels and temporal trends in PA and sport participation and the effect of assessment method on data interpretation will be summarised. METHODS:Rel...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2011-090190
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty one amateur skiers with 33 knees which had had a symptomatic chronic rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) treated with the Lemaire operation were reviewed retrospectively at an average of 4.5 years. Of the patients 23 were women. The operation failed to control symptoms in 17 out of the 33 knees. How...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.28.1.31
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Participation in regular exercise and athletic activities across the lifespan is encouraged to maintain the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems and general wellbeing. Before the menopause there is an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes, whereas there is an in...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2008.054296
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The menstrual cycle can affect sports participation and exercise performance. There are very few data on specific menstrual cycle symptoms (symptoms during various phases of the cycle, not only during menstruation) experienced by exercising women. We aimed to characterise the most common symptoms, as well as...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2020-102792
更新日期：2020-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/AIM:The Achilles tendon is a tissue that responds to mechanical loads at a molecular and cellular level. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the expression of anabolic and/or catabolic proteins can change within hours of loading and return to baseline levels within 72 h. These biochemical changes ha...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2013-092713
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To measure functional recovery following acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture using a simple and reliable clinical movement analysis system. Clinic based methods that simultaneously quantify different aspects of movement over a range of activities and model functional recovery will help guide rehab...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2005.019984
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most humans observe an overnight fast on a daily basis, and the human body copes well with short duration fasting. Periodic fasting is widely practised for cultural, religious or health reasons. Fasting may take many different forms. Prolonged restriction of food and fluid is harmful to health and performance, and it ...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2010.072157
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyse risk factors in alpine skiing. DESIGN:A controlled multicentre survey of injured and non-injured alpine skiers. SETTING:One tertiary and two secondary trauma centres in Bern, Switzerland. PATIENTS AND METHODS:All injured skiers admitted from November 2007 to April 2008 were analysed using a comp...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2009.064741
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rubella is now an uncommon disease, and its neurological complications are rarely encountered. One complication, acute transverse myelitis, has been described in a few case reports and usually has an unfavourable outcome. The case is presented of an elite swimmer who developed transverse myelitis after rubella, which ...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2005.020685
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Antidoping and medical care delivery programmes are required at all large international multisport events. OBJECTIVE:To document and critique the novel antidoping and medical care delivery models implemented at the 2nd Summer Youth Olympic Games, Nanjing 2014. METHODS:The International Olympic Committee im...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsports-2014-094424
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of the present systematic review was to investigate whether physical fitness in childhood and adolescence is a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, events and syndromes, quality of life and low back pain later in life. Physical fitness-related components were: cardiorespiratory fitness...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2008.056499
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in Tanzanian and Norwegian children, by using the same bicycle protocol in both samples. METHODS:Maximal oxygen uptake was estimated from an indirect maximal watt cycle ergometer test in 156 rural boys and girls in Tanzania. Similarly aged urban Norwegian b...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2005.020040
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate muscle activation patterns in selected scapulohumeral muscles in the tennis serve. These patterns of muscle activation have not been evaluated in other studies of the tennis serve. Fine wire and surface EMG was used to calculate onset and offset timing of muscle activation. DESIGN:Controlled labo...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/bjsm.2007.037333
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
