Abstract:
:Objective: Predicting who will be a placebo responder is a prerequisite to maximize placebo effects in pain treatment and to minimize them in clinical trials. First evidence exists that genetics could affect placebo effects. However, a classical twin study to estimate the relative contribution of genetic influences compared to common and individual environmental influences in explaining interindividual differences in placebo responsiveness has yet not been performed. Methods: In a first explorative twin study, 25 monozygotic (MZ) and 14 dizygotic (DZ) healthy twin pairs (27.5 ± 7.7 years; 73% female) were conditioned to the efficacy of a placebo analgesic ointment with an established heat pain paradigm on their non-dominant arm. Placebo analgesia was then tested on their dominant arm. Furthermore, warmth detection thresholds (WDTs) and heat pain thresholds (HPTs) were assessed, and participants filled in questionnaires for the assessment of psychological traits such as depression, anxiety, optimism, pain catastrophizing, and sensitivity to reward and punishment. Their expectations were determined with a visual analog scale. Results: There was a small but significant placebo analgesic effect in both MZ and DZ twins. Estimates of heritability were moderate for WDT only but negligible for HPT, the conditioning response, and placebo analgesia. Common environment did not explain any variance, and the individual environment explained the largest parts. Therefore, the placebo analgesia response can be seen as influenced by individual learning experiences during the conditioning procedure, whereas other variables assessed were not associated. Conclusions: Compared to the individual learning experience, genetic influences seem to play a minor role in explaining variation in placebo analgesia in this experimental paradigm. However, our results are restricted to placebo effects through conditioning on pain in healthy volunteers and should be replicated in larger samples and in patients. Furthermore, potential gene-environment interactions should be further investigated.
journal_name
Front Psychiatryjournal_title
Frontiers in psychiatryauthors
Weimer K,Hahn E,Mönnikes N,Herr AK,Stengel A,Enck Pdoi
10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00679subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-09-18 00:00:00pages
679issn
1664-0640journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Eating disorders (EDs) are serious psychopathologies characterized by a persistent disturbance in eating or eating-related behavior. Studies have shown EDs' detrimental consequences not only for patients, but also for their families. Nevertheless, a specific group that has so far been neglected, in both the research a...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00604
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The quality of life (QOL) of patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MAUD) is increasingly recognized as an important outcome. Previous studies have found that impulsivity is negatively associated with QOL in mental disorders, but this relationship is rarely confirmed in patients with MAUD. We hypothesiz...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579302
更新日期:2020-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Antipsychotic treatment can improve the symptoms of schizophrenia; however, residual symptoms after antipsychotic treatment are frequent. The effects of exercise on the symptoms of schizophrenic patients under antipsychotic treatment are inconclusive. The aim of this randomized case-control study was to ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00167
更新日期:2018-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a rapidly increasing mental health problem that requires more clinical attention. In this study, we aimed to explore the biobehavioral markers of NSSI in participants with mood disorders. Methods: A total of 45 participants with mood disorders (bipolar I, II, and major ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00124
更新日期:2020-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Criminal responsibility assessment is undertaken by psychologists or psychiatrists to assess offenders' legal capacities, which vary among countries or regional legislations. There are two psychometric tools (i.e., checklists) validated for criminal responsibility assessment: the Roger Criminal Responsibility Scale, a...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579243
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Vitamin D inadequacy or deficiency (VDID) has been reported in a high percentage of otherwise healthy individuals. Factors that may contribute to the high prevalence of VDID in people with mental disorders include diet low in vitamin D, poor sunlight exposure, decrease in cutaneous vitamin D synthesis, i...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00167
更新日期:2019-03-29 00:00:00
abstract:Study Objectives:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in children with Down syndrome (DS) and is associated with adverse health and cognitive outcomes. Daytime clinical assessment is poorly predictive of OSA, so regular screening with sleep studies is recommended. However, sleep studies are costly and not available ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00285
更新日期:2020-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) are a sub-type of receptors enriched in basal ganglia, activated by the neuromodulator adenosine, which interact with dopamine D2 receptors. Although this reciprocal antagonistic interaction is well-established in motor function, the outcome in dopamine-related behaviors remains uncertai...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00067
更新日期:2014-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::Structure and function are closely related in the healthy human brain. In patients with chronic heroin exposure, brain imaging studies have identified long-lasting changes in gray matter (GM) volume. More recently, we showed that acute application of heroin in dependent patients results in hypoperfusion of fronto-temp...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00135
更新日期:2013-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:Background:From birth, the human propensity to selectively attend and respond to critical super-stimuli forms the basis of future socio-emotional development and health. In particular, the first super-stimuli to preferentially engage and elicit responses in the healthy newborn are the physical touch, voice and face/eye...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00553
更新日期:2020-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::The human gut microbiome is emerging as a key modulator of homeostasis, with far-reaching implications for various multifactorial diseases, including anorexia nervosa (AN). Despite significant morbidity and mortality, the underlying mechanisms of this eating disorder are poorly understood, but the classical view defin...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.611677
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Social cognition has become recognized as an important driver of functional outcomes and overall recovery in patients with schizophrenia, mediating the relationship between neurocognition and social functioning. Since antipsychotic therapy targeting remission of clinical symptoms has been shown to have a limited impac...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00157
更新日期:2018-04-24 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease, but its etiology is poorly understood. It has been reported that a disrupted biological rhythm, in terms of a shortened light duration and total darkness, can cause depression-like behavi...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00233
更新日期:2020-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Young adults regularly using cannabis represent a uniquely vulnerable yet heterogeneous cohort. Few studies have examined user profiles using cannabis use motives and expectations. The association between user profiles and psychosocial functioning among only regular users remains unexplored. This explorati...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.599365
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Patients with schizophrenia show abnormal spontaneous oscillatory activity in scalp-level electroencephalographic (EEG) responses across multiple frequency bands. While oscillations play an essential role in the transmission of information across neural networks, few studies have assessed the frequency-spe...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.608154
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::Autism spectrum condition (ASC) is recognized as having an inflammatory component. Post-mortem brain samples from patients with ASC display neuroglial activation and inflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid, although little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhance...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00027
更新日期:2011-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Psychological stress is recognized as a major modifiable risk factor for adult non-communicable disease (NCD) that includes depression, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity resulting in either exaggerated or blunted cortisol responses...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00795
更新日期:2019-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Third-generation neuroimaging research has been enriched by advances in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measuring the concentration of important neurotrasmitters, such as the inhibitory amino acid GABA. Here, we performed a systematic mini-review on brain MRS studies measuring GABA concentration in patients affe...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00061
更新日期:2016-04-19 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Attentional dysfunctions constitute core cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia, but the precise underlying neurocognitive mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Methods:In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study, we applied, for the first time, a theoretically grounded modeling approach based on Bun...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00259
更新日期:2017-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Previous studies have indicated that changes in the concentration of glutamate and related metabolites may mediate the progression of addiction in patients with methamphetamine (MA) use disorders. In the present study, we utilized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to investigate absolute glutamate co...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00368
更新日期:2018-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: We previously found that chronic ketamine usages were associated with various psychotic and cognitive symptoms mimicking schizophrenia. The blockade of the NMDA receptor and subsequent nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) dysfunction were found to be closely correlated with schizophrenia including NOS1 gene polym...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580771
更新日期:2020-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::The use of smartphone apps for research and clinical care in mental health has become increasingly popular, especially within youth mental health. In particular, digital phenotyping, the monitoring of data streams from a smartphone to identify proxies for functional outcomes like steps, sleep, and sociability, is of i...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00652
更新日期:2019-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Unlike other episodic sleep disorders in childhood, there are no agreed severity indices for rhythmic movement disorder. While movements can be characterized in detail by polysomnography, in our experience most children inhibit rhythmic movement during polysomnography. Actigraphy and home video allow asses...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00709
更新日期:2019-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Timing is a fundamental and highly conserved mammalian capability, yet the underlying neural mechanisms are widely debated. Ramping activity of single neurons that gradually increase or decrease activity to encode the passage of time has been speculated to predict a behaviorally relevant temporal event. Cue-evoked low...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00190
更新日期:2016-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Virtual reality (VR) offers children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) an inexpensive and motivating medium to learn and practice skills in a personalized, controlled, and safe setting; however, outcomes of VR interventions can vary widely. In particular, there is a need to understand the predictors of VR experience...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00669
更新日期:2020-08-04 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of premature death in patients with psychotic disorders, where dyslipidemia occurs frequently. In the pathogenesis of these serious mental disorders, a low-grade inflammation seems to be a possible contributor. Concurrently, systemic inflammation and its interpla...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00672
更新日期:2020-07-10 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Studies have shown that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit elevated dysfunctional attitudes (DAs). However, it remains controversial whether the DAs are state-dependent or trait-like features of MDD. Methods:This study recruited 172 patients and 159 healthy controls (HCs) at baseline. DAs...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00645
更新日期:2020-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Non-obscene socially inappropriate behavior (NOSI) is recognized as part of the tic disorder spectrum but has received little attention from researchers to date. A study in 87 patients with Tourette syndrome showed that comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder were also associated ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00660
更新日期:2019-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: To evaluate perceived needs and difficulties related to instruments for assessing work ability in individuals with mental disorders. Method: We conducted an online survey of 104 German-speaking medico-legal experts (forensic psychiatric and psychology experts, insurance physicians) and therapists. Results: ...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00453
更新日期:2018-09-25 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Accumulating evidence has shown that valproate has the greatest teratogenic potential for increasing the risk of major congenital malformations, such as neural tube defects, cleft palate, and neurodevelopmental disability. Although valproate is a pharmacological option for acute mania and is used as a stabil...
journal_title:Frontiers in psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00250
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00