Abstract:
:Obesity is a multi-factor chronic disease caused by the mixed influence of genetics, environments and an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure. Due to lifestyle changes, modern society sees a rapid increase in obesity occurrence along with an aggravated risk of metabolic syndromes in the general population, including diabetes, hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular diseases and certain types of cancer. Although obesity has become a serious worldwide public health hazard, effective and safe drugs treating obesity are still missing. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been implicated in practical use in China for thousands of years and has accumulated substantial front line experience in treating various diseases. Compared to western medicine that features defined composition and clear molecular mechanisms, TCM is consisted with complex ingredients from plants and animals and prescribed based on overall symptoms and collective experience. Because of their fundamental differences, TCM and western medicine were once considered irreconcilable. However, nowadays, sophisticated isolation technologies and deepened molecular understanding of the active ingredients of TCM are gradually bridging the gap between the two, enabling the identification of active TCM components for drug development under the western-style paradigms. Thus, studies on TCM open a new therapeutic avenue and show great potential in the combat against obesity, though challenges exist. In this review, we highlight six key candidate substances derived from TCM, including artemisinin, curcumin, celastrol, capsaicin, berberine and ginsenosides, to review their recent discoveries in the metabolic field, with special focus on their therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms in treating obesity and metabolic diseases. In addition, we discuss the translational challenges and perspectives in implementing modern Chinese medicine into the western pharmaceutical industry.
journal_name
Front Physioljournal_title
Frontiers in physiologyauthors
Xu L,Zhao W,Wang D,Ma Xdoi
10.3389/fphys.2018.00850subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-07-06 00:00:00pages
850issn
1664-042Xjournal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In juvenile rats, the carotid body (CB) is the primary sensor of oxygen (O2) and a secondary sensor of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood. The CB communicates to the respiratory pattern generator via the carotid sinus nerve, which terminates within the commissural nucleus tractus solitarius (cNTS). While this is not th...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.613786
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Limitations of current methods: Normalization of resting energy expenditure (REE) for body composition using the 2-compartment model fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) has inherent limitations for the interpretation of REE and may lead to erroneous conclusions when comparing people with a wide range of a...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2013.00047
更新日期:2013-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Catheter ablation therapy for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) typically includes pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and may include additional ablation lesions that target patient-specific anatomical, electrical, or structural features. Clinical centers employ different ablation strategies, which use imaging data toge...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.572874
更新日期:2020-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle fatigue is a serious problem in patients with motor neuron diseases (MNDs). It commonly disturbs both daily life activity and rehabilitation tolerance. A particular concern should be taken when MNDs occur in older ages. Older patients with MNDs usually have a worse clinical presentation and a lower survival rat...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01243
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:More than 30-40% of uric acid is excreted via the intestine, and the dysfunction of intestinal epithelium disrupts uric acid excretion. The involvement of gut microbiota in hyperuricemia has been reported in previous studies, but the changes and mechanisms of intestinal immunity in hyperuricemia are still un...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.524236
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::Directed cell migration is essential all along an individual's life, from embryogenesis to tissue repair and cancer metastasis. Thus, due to its biomedical relevance, directed cell migration is currently under intense research. Directed cell migration has been shown to be driven by an assortment of external biasing cu...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.586432
更新日期:2020-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have highlighted the interplay between metabolism, immunity and inflammation. Both tissue resident and infiltrating immune cells play a major role in the inflammatory process of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) via the production of cytokines, adipo-cytokines and metabolic intermediates. These functions are m...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00347
更新日期:2020-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::A soccer match induce changes in physiological stress biomarkers as testosterone (T), cortisol (C), and testosterone:cortisol (T:C) ration. Hydration state may also modulate these hormones, and therefore may alter the anabolic/catabolic balance in response to soccer match. The role of hydration status before the match...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01347
更新日期:2018-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::The two forms of inorganic arsenic, arsenate (AsV) and arsenite (AsIII), are easily taken up by the cells of the plant root. Once in the cell, AsV can be readily converted to AsIII, the more toxic of the two forms. AsV and AsIII both disrupt plant metabolism, but through distinct mechanisms. AsV is a chemical analog o...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00182
更新日期:2012-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank, 1781) is an emerging source of allergens in stored products and homes. Feces proteases are the major allergens of astigmatid mites (Acari: Acaridida). In addition, the mites are carriers of microorganisms and microbial adjuvant compounds that stimulate innate signaling pathways. We s...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00053
更新日期:2016-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Preterm premature rupture of membranes is a leading cause of preterm births. Cytokine induced matrix metalloproteinase1 and interleukin 8 production from amnion mesenchymal cells may contribute to fetal membrane weakening and rupture. Progestins inhibit inflammation induced fetal membrane weakening but their effect on...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00900
更新日期:2020-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::Cotton rats are one of the experimental rodents used for testing different infectious and non-infectious diseases, including gastrointestinal tract pathology. However, their intestinal morphological characteristics are still poorly understood. Here, we clarified the anatomical and histological characteristics of the c...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.587214
更新日期:2020-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Background: The effects of capsaicin on obesity and glucose homeostasis are still controversial and the mechanisms underlying these effects remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between the regulation of obesity and glucose homeostasis by dietary capsaicin and the alteratio...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00602
更新日期:2017-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) proteins extrude Ca(2+) from the cell to maintain cellular homeostasis. Since NCX proteins contribute to numerous physiological and pathophysiological events, their pharmacological targeting has been desired for a long time. This intervention remains challenging owing to our poor understan...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00030
更新日期:2016-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Crayfish are capable of two rapid, escape reflexes that are mediated by two pairs of giant interneurons, the lateral giants (LG) and the medial giants (MG), which respond to threats presented to the abdomen or head and thorax, respectively. The LG has been the focus of study for many decades and the role of GABAergic ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00448
更新日期:2018-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::Heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones that are involved in numerous normal cellular processes and stress responses, and heat shock factors are transcriptional activators of heat shock proteins. Heat shock factors and heat shock proteins are coordinated in various biological processes. The regulatory function of...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.562204
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::High-intensity interval training (HIT) is an effective approach for improving a range of physiological markers associated with physical fitness. A considerable body of work has demonstrated substantial improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness following short-term training programmes, while emerging evidence suggests ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00581
更新日期:2019-05-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human labor is a complex series of cellular and molecular events that occur at the materno-fetal and uterine levels. Many hypotheses have been proposed for the initiation of human labor, one hypothesis suggests that maturation of the fetus releases a signal in the amniotic fluid that will be transmitted to m...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2014.00272
更新日期:2014-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies reported enhanced cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity upon ascent to high altitude using linear models. However, there is evidence that this response may be sigmoidal in nature. Moreover, it was speculated that these changes at high altitude are mediated by alterations in acid-base buffering. Accordingly, ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2015.00394
更新日期:2016-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::This work investigates the effect of arterial bifurcation angulation on atherosclerosis development through in-silico simulations of coupled cell dynamics. The computational model presented here combines cellular pathways, fluid dynamics, and physiologically-realistic vessel geometries as observed in the human vascula...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01528
更新日期:2018-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::Aim: mircoRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression, are stably secreted into the blood and circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) may play an important role in cell-cell communication. Furthermore, c-miRNAs might serve as novel biomarkers of the current vascular cell status. Here, we examined how the lev...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00643
更新日期:2016-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis is a major health problem in post-menopausal women (PMW). Exercise training is considered a cost-effective strategy to prevent osteoporosis in middle aged-older people. The purpose of this study is to summarize the effect of exercise on BMD among PMW. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was con...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00652
更新日期:2020-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Since the late 2010s, Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation (TUS) has been used experimentally to carryout safe, non-invasive stimulation of the brain with better spatial resolution than Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). This innovative stimulation method has emerged as a novel and valuable device for studying br...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.01042
更新日期:2020-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose: Aging is associated with changes in muscle energy metabolism. Proton (1H) and phosphorous (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been successfully applied for non-invasive investigation of skeletal muscle metabolism. The aim of this study was to detect differences in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) prod...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00644
更新日期:2020-06-29 00:00:00
abstract::Insect β-1,3-glucanases belong to Glycoside Hydrolase Family 16 (GHF16) and are involved in digestion of detritus and plant hemicellulose. In this work, we investigated the role of GHF16 genes in Aedes aegypti larvae, due to their detritivore diet. Aedes aegypti genome has six genes belonging to GHF16 (Aae GH16.1 - Aa...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00122
更新日期:2019-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Aging is associated with a decline in cardiac function due to a decreased myocardial reserve. This adverse cardiac remodeling comprises of a variety of changes, including a reduction in mitochondrial function and a decline in the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00242
更新日期:2018-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is essential to ensure rapid adjustment to variations in blood pressure (BP). Little is known concerning the adaptive responses of BRS during acclimatization to high altitude at rest and during exercise. Methods: Twenty-one healthy sea-level residents were tested near sea lev...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00767
更新日期:2018-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::The spawning migration of the European eel is an extensive journey over 5000 to 7000 km from the European coast to the Sargasso Sea. Eels do not feed during this journey and on-board fuels must be sufficient to support the journey of 3.5 to 6 month, as well as sexual maturation and the spawning activity. Swimming of e...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2014.00486
更新日期:2015-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Much effort has gone into elucidating control of the body by the brain, less so the role of the body in controlling the brain. This essay develops the idea that the brain does a great deal of work in the service of behavior that is controlled by the body, a blue-collar role compared to the white-collar control exercis...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00207
更新日期:2012-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::The large amount of energy expended during flapping flight is associated with heat generated through the increased work of the flight muscles. This increased muscle work rate can manifest itself in core body temperature (Tb) increase of 1-2°C in birds during flight. Therefore, episodic body cooling may be mandatory in...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00532
更新日期:2017-07-25 00:00:00