In vivo Neural Crest Cell Migration Is Controlled by "Mixotaxis".

Abstract:

:Directed cell migration is essential all along an individual's life, from embryogenesis to tissue repair and cancer metastasis. Thus, due to its biomedical relevance, directed cell migration is currently under intense research. Directed cell migration has been shown to be driven by an assortment of external biasing cues, ranging from gradients of soluble (chemotaxis) to bound (haptotaxis) molecules. In addition to molecular gradients, gradients of mechanical properties (duro/mechanotaxis), electric fields (electro/galvanotaxis) as well as iterative biases in the environment topology (ratchetaxis) have been shown to be able to direct cell migration. Since cells migrating in vivo are exposed to a challenging environment composed of a convolution of biochemical, biophysical, and topological cues, it is highly unlikely that cell migration would be guided by an individual type of "taxis." This is especially true since numerous molecular players involved in the cellular response to these biasing cues are often recycled, serving as sensor or transducer of both biochemical and biophysical signals. In this review, we confront literature on Xenopus cephalic neural crest cells with that of other cell types to discuss the relevance of the current categorization of cell guidance strategies. Furthermore, we emphasize that while studying individual biasing signals is informative, the hard truth is that cells migrate by performing a sort of "mixotaxis," where they integrate and coordinate multiple inputs through shared molecular effectors to ensure robustness of directed cell motion.

journal_name

Front Physiol

journal_title

Frontiers in physiology

authors

Barriga EH,Theveneau E

doi

10.3389/fphys.2020.586432

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-11-25 00:00:00

pages

586432

issn

1664-042X

journal_volume

11

pub_type

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