Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Parkinson's disease (PD) is frequently associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, including constipation and defecatory dysfunctions. The mechanisms underlying such disorders are still largely unknown, although the occurrence of a bowel inflammatory condition has been hypothesized. This study examined the impact of central dopaminergic degeneration, induced by intranigral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), on distal colonic excitatory tachykininergic motility in rats. METHODS:Animals were euthanized 4 and 8 weeks after 6-OHDA injection. Tachykininergic contractions, elicited by electrical stimulation or exogenous substance P (SP), were recorded in vitro from longitudinal muscle colonic preparations. SP, tachykininergic NK1 receptor, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, as well as the density of eosinophils and mast cells in the colonic wall, were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Malondialdehyde (MDA, colorimetric assay), TNF, and IL-1β (ELISA assay) levels were also examined. The polarization of peritoneal macrophages was evaluated by real-time PCR. RESULTS:In colonic preparations, electrically and SP-evoked tachykininergic contractions were increased in 6-OHDA rats. Immunohistochemistry displayed an increase in SP and GFAP levels in the myenteric plexus, as well as NK1 receptor expression in the colonic muscle layer of 6-OHDA rats. MDA, TNF, and IL-1β levels were increased also in colonic tissues from 6-OHDA rats. In 6-OHDA rats, the number of eosinophils and mast cells was increased as compared with control animals, and peritoneal macrophages polarized towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype. CONCLUSIONS:The results indicate that the induction of central nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration is followed by bowel inflammation associated with increased oxidative stress, increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, activation of enteric glia and inflammatory cells, and enhancement of colonic excitatory tachykininergic motility.
journal_name
J Neuroinflammationjournal_title
Journal of neuroinflammationauthors
Pellegrini C,Fornai M,Colucci R,Tirotta E,Blandini F,Levandis G,Cerri S,Segnani C,Ippolito C,Bernardini N,Cseri K,Blandizzi C,Haskó G,Antonioli Ldoi
10.1186/s12974-016-0608-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-06-13 00:00:00pages
146issue
1issn
1742-2094pii
10.1186/s12974-016-0608-5journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a pharmacologic agent inducing neutrophil mobilization and a new candidate for neuroprotection and neuroregeneration in stroke. Its effects when used in combination with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) were explored during the acute phase of ischemic stroke...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-96
更新日期:2014-05-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ischemic stroke is a main cause of mortality. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown appears to play a critical role in inflammation in patients with ischemic stroke and acceleration of brain injury. The BBB has a protective function and is composed of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes. In ischemic s...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-020-1727-6
更新日期:2020-02-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Microglial activation contributes to the development of chronic migraine (CM). The P2Y12 receptor (P2Y12R), a metabolic purinoceptor that is expressed on microglia in the central nervous system (CNS), has been indicated to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic pain. However, whether it contribu...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1603-4
更新日期:2019-11-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The recruitment of immune system cells into the central nervous system (CNS) has a profound effect on the outcomes of injury and disease. Glia-derived chemoattractants, including chemokines, play a pivotal role in this process. In addition, cytokines and chemokines influence the phenotype of infiltrating imm...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01748-x
更新日期:2020-02-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal loss due to amyloid beta aggregations, neurofibrillary tangles, and prominent neuroinflammation. Recently, interference with neuroinflammation as a new therapeutic approach for AD treatment gained great interest. ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-015-0369-6
更新日期:2015-08-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The glial response in multiple sclerosis (MS), especially for recruitment and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), predicts the success of remyelination of MS plaques and return of function. As a central player in neuroinflammation, activation and polarization of microglia/macrophages ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1586-1
更新日期:2019-10-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent evidence has suggested that peripheral inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) play an important role in neuropsychiatric dysfunction in rodents. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been proposed to be a key mediator in a variety of behavioral dysfunction induc...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0964-9
更新日期:2017-09-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Determining the etiology and possible treatment strategies for numerous diseases requires a comprehensive understanding of compensatory mechanisms in physiological systems. The vagus nerve acts as a key interface between the brain and the peripheral internal organs. We set out to identify mechanisms compensa...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1544-y
更新日期:2019-07-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Experiences and inflammatory mediators are fundamental in the provocation of major depressive disorders (MDDs). We investigated the roles and mechanisms of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in stress-induced depression. METHODS:We used a depressive-like state mouse model induced by unpredictable chroni...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-9-75
更新日期:2012-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Both human and animal studies have shown beneficial effects of physical exercise on brain health but most tend to be based on aerobic rather than resistance type regimes. Resistance exercise has the advantage of improving both muscular and cardiovascular function, both of which can benefit the frail and the ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1653-7
更新日期:2020-01-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increasing evidence links diverse forms of air pollution to neuroinflammation and neuropathology in both human and animal models, but the effects of long-term exposures are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE:We explored the central nervous system consequences of subchronic exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) and addr...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-105
更新日期:2011-08-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ventral root avulsion is a proximal nerve root lesion in which ventral motor nerve rootlets are torn from surface of the spinal cord, resulting in extensive death of motoneurons. It has been previously shown that if such lesioning is performed in an animal with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-7-29
更新日期:2010-05-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The ways in which microglia activate and promote neovascularization (NV) are not fully understood. Recent in vivo evidence supports the theory that calcium is required for the transition of microglia from a surveillance state to an active one. The objectives of this study were to discover novel L-type voltag...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01801-9
更新日期:2020-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 (ω-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) relevant for brain function. It has largely been explored as a potential candidate to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clinical evidence favors a role for DHA in the improvement of cognition in very early stages of the AD. In ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0525-7
更新日期:2016-03-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). However, this physiological mechanism has multiple manifestations that range from impaired clearance of unfolded proteins to altered mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis. While connections between t...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0788-z
更新日期:2017-01-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapeutic agents such as vincristine (VCR) is neuropathic pain, which is poorly managed at present. Chemokine-mediated immune cell/neuron communication in preclinical VCR-induced pain forms an intriguing basis for the development of analgesics. In a murine VCR model, CX3...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1116-6
更新日期:2018-04-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) activity necessary for amyloid-stimulated phagocytosis strongly implicates that MerTK dysregulation might contribute to chronic inflammation implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, the precise mechanism involved in the regulation of MerTK expression by amyloid-β...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1112-x
更新日期:2018-03-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Maternal obesity as a result of high levels of saturated fat (HFD) consumption leads to significant negative health outcomes in both mother and exposed offspring. Offspring exposed to maternal HFD show sex-specific alterations in metabolic, behavioral, and endocrine function, as well as increased levels of b...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01798-1
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an important inflammatory factor produced by activated macrophages and monocytes and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). To evaluate the effect of TNF-α signaling suppression and the potential of TNF-α in the treatment of DPN...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-10-69
更新日期:2013-06-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating neurological condition and a frequent cause of permanent disability. Posttraumatic inflammation and brain edema formation, two pathological key events contributing to secondary brain injury, are mediated by the contact-kinin system. Activation of this pathway in ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0815-8
更新日期:2017-02-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The collective cognitive and motor deficits known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain high even among HIV+ individuals whose antiretroviral therapy is optimized. HAND is worsened in the context of opiate abuse. The mechanism of exacerbation remains unclear but likely involves chronic imm...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1320-4
更新日期:2018-10-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Activation of hyaluronic acid (HA) and associated enzyme synthesis has been demonstrated in experimental stroke animal models. Our study aimed to investigate the plasma levels of HA in acute stroke patients and the associations between HA levels and functional outcome. METHODS:This was a multicenter case-co...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-101
更新日期:2014-06-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neurogenic inflammation is orchestrated by a large number of neuropeptides. Tachykinins (substance P, neurokinin A and neurokinin B) are pro-inflammatory neuropeptides that may play an important role in some autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases. Autoimmunity may have a role in the pathogenesis of autism in ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-180
更新日期:2011-12-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Persistent systemic infection results in excessive trafficking of peripheral immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS), thereby contributing to sustained neuroinflammation that leads to neurocognitive deficits. In this study, we explored the role of opportunistic systemic infection with Streptococcu...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-015-0341-5
更新日期:2015-06-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The early dysfunction and subsequent recovery after stroke, characterized by the destruction and remodeling of connective pathways between cortex and subcortical regions, is associated with neuroinflammation. As major components of the inflammatory process, reactive astrocytes have double-edged effects on pa...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0622-7
更新日期:2016-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), a state of sleep disorder, is characterized by repetitive apnea, chronic hypoxia, oxygen desaturation, and hypercapnia. Previous studies have revealed that intermittent hypoxia (IH) conditions in OSAS patients elicited neuron injury (especially in the hippocampus and cortex), l...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01905-2
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dengue, one of the most important arboviral diseases of humans, may cause severe systemic disease. Although dengue virus (DENV) has been considered to be a non-neurotropic virus, dengue infection has been associated recently with a series of neurological syndromes, including encephalitis. In this work, we ev...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-23
更新日期:2011-03-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aging and neurodegenerative disease predispose to delirium and are both associated with increased activity of the innate immune system resulting in an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in the brain. We examined whether hip fracture patients who develop postoperative delirium have altered...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-10-122
更新日期:2013-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While it is clear that inbred strains of mice have variations in immunological responsiveness, the influence of genetic background following tissue damage in the central nervous system is not fully understood. A cortical explant system was employed as a model for injury to determine whether the immediate tra...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-8-122
更新日期:2011-09-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pro-inflammatory cytokines are known to have deleterious effects on Schwann cells (SCs). Interleukin 17 (IL-17) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that exhibits relevant effects during inflammation in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and IL-17-secreting cells have been reported within the endoneurium ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-63
更新日期:2014-03-29 00:00:00