Abstract:
:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in the western world. Despite significant advances in therapy over the last decade CLL remains incurable. Current front-line therapy often consists of chemoimmunotherapy-based regimens, most commonly the fludarabine, cyclophosphamide plus rituximab combination, but rates of relapse and refractory disease are high among these patients. Several key signaling pathways are now known to mediate the survival and proliferation of CLL cells in vivo, the most notable of which are the pathways mediated by the B-cell receptor (BCR) and cytokine receptors. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, the underlying biology of the CLL-cell and the roles of the tumour microenvironment has provided the rationale for trials of a range of novel, more targeted therapeutic agents. In particular, clinical trials of ibrutinib and idelalisib, which target the Brutons tyrosine kinase and the delta isoform of phosphoinositol-3 kinase components of the BCR signaling pathway respectively, have shown extremely promising results. Here we review the current literature on the key signaling pathways and interactions of CLL cells that mediate the survival and proliferation of the leukemic cells. For each we describe the results of the recent clinical trials and in vitro studies of novel therapeutic agents.
journal_name
World J Clin Casesjournal_title
World journal of clinical casesauthors
Crassini K,Mulligan SP,Best OGdoi
10.12998/wjcc.v3.i8.694subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-08-16 00:00:00pages
694-704issue
8issn
2307-8960journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a common pathologic relationship between parathyroid adenoma and thyroid cancer, but this relationship is infrequent in pregnant patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). CASE SUMMARY:A 27-year-old gravida 1 woman was transferred to our hospital at 16 wk of pregnancy. She was diagnosed with...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i21.5426
更新日期:2020-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Metastases to adrenal glands originate principally from lung, breast, or gastrointestinal cancers, followed by malignant melanoma and thyroid neoplasms. We present an unusual case of uterine cancer metastasizing to the adrenal glands with a review of the English literature on the management of this rare dise...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i14.1844
更新日期:2019-07-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Collagen proportionate area (CPA) is an important index for assessing the severity of liver fibrosis. Budd-Chiari syndrome can frequently progress to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. CPA might play an important role in the pathological progress of Budd-Chiari syndrome. AIM:To explore the role of CPA in predict...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i2.130
更新日期:2019-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic. COVID-19 is clinically categorized into mild, moderate, severe, and critical illness. Acute kidney injury is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with. Serum cystatin C (sCys C) is considered ...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i20.4726
更新日期:2020-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Acute pancreatitis is rarely associated with drugs. Acetaminophen overdose is a well-known cause of hepatic toxicity, but drug-induced pancreatitis is rarely reported, especially after mild overdose. A 32-year-old woman presented with nausea and vomiting for 12 h, but no abdominal pain following an overdose of eight T...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v6.i9.291
更新日期:2018-09-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In previous studies, celiomesenteric trunk (CMT) was narrowly defined as a hepato-gastro-spleno-mesenteric (HGSM) trunk, but other possible types were ignored. With the widespread use of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography, it is easy to collect a large sampling of data on arterial anatomy o...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i23.3980
更新日期:2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To analyze the bacterial community structure and distribution of intestinal microflora in people with and without metabolic syndrome and combined these data with clinical indicators to determine relationships between selected bacteria and metabolic diseases. METHODS:Faecal samples were collected from 20 patients w...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v6.i4.54
更新日期:2018-04-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a complex surgical procedure with a high morbidity rate. The serious complications are major risk factors for poor long-term surgical outcome. Studies have reported an association between early postoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and prediction of severe complicat...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i1.28
更新日期:2019-01-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Congenital bronchobiliary fistula is a rare developmental abnormality with an abnormal fistula between the respiratory system and biliary tract. The aim of this report is to analyze and summarize the clinical features and experience of diagnosing and treating congenital bronchobiliary fistula (CBBF) occurrin...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i7.881
更新日期:2019-04-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rivaroxaban is a non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant that does not require coagulation monitoring based on current recommendations. Our goal is to explore whether routine coagulation monitoring should not be required for all patients receiving oral rivaroxaban, what relationship between routine coagu...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i3.382
更新日期:2019-02-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Unilateral exophthalmos is often caused by inflammation, neoplasm, infection, metabolic disease, vascular disorder and several other less common conditions. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy related to unilateral exophthalmos has not been reported in the past literature. CASE SUMMARY:We describe a 45-year-old fe...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i2.318
更新日期:2020-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since the beginning of the pandemic, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in children has shown milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Although the respiratory tract is the primary target for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), cardiovascular involvement is emerging as one ...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i21.5250
更新日期:2020-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical treatment for large carotid body tumor (CBT), particularly the Shamblin III type, is challenging and rarely reported. CASE SUMMARY:In July 2014, a 63-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a large CBT (130 mm × 60 mm × 70 mm). The lesion was hypervascular, spanned from the first to the seven...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i16.2346
更新日期:2019-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. According to the Global Cancer Statistics, colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality, closely followed by gastric cancer (GC). Environmental, dietary, and lifestyle factors including cigarette ...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i12.2425
更新日期:2020-06-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Systemic amyloidosis in which multiple systems can be involved has become a common clinical disease. When the liver is affected, symptoms such as abdominal distension, fatigue, edema, liver, and jaundice could appear. To date, hepatic amyloidosis combined with hepatic venular occlusive disease and Budd-Chiar...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i20.3282
更新日期:2019-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an increasingly recognized pathological entity that tends to involve multiple organs with an elevated level of serum IgG4, which is easily misdiagnosed owing to sharing common clinical features with a variety of other diseases. Here, we report an interesting IgG4-RD case of a woman wi...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v6.i13.707
更新日期:2018-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients discharged after hospitalization for acute heart failure (AHF) are frequently readmitted due to an incomplete decongestion, which is difficult to assess clinically. Recently, it has been shown that the use of a highly sensitive, non-invasive device measuring lung impedance (LI) reduces hospitalizati...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i8.951
更新日期:2019-04-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a non-keratinizing carcinoma with rich lymphocytic infiltration, which primarily originates from the nasopharynx. Primary lung LELC is a type of lung cancer with a relatively low incidence. Herein, we report a rare case of lung LELC with expression of CD56. We also ...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i7.1257
更新日期:2020-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is argued that environment, microbiome, and immune-mediated factors interact in a genetically susceptible host to trigger IBD. Recently, there has been increased interest in the development, progression, a...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v9.i2.321
更新日期:2021-01-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aimed to identify factors associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in patients in the department of intensive care medicine who received antibiotic monotherapy in order to reduce the incidence of AAD and improve rational use of antibiotics in these patients. AIM:To report the incidenc...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i10.1908
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::A 50-year-old male who underwent a HeartMate II left ventricular assist device placement for ischemic cardiomyopathy presented with discolored urine and hemolysis 3 mo after the operation. His hemolysis was thought to be due to thrombosis within the pump. Imaging studies were not able to visualize a left ventricular t...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v2.i8.373
更新日期:2014-08-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leiomyosarcoma of the stomach is extremely rare, and only 13 cases have been reported in the literature. Before the advent of KIT immunohistochemistry, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) were misdiagnosed as leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas. Leiomyosarcoma rarely occurs in organs besides the uterus and is...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i21.3575
更新日期:2019-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Scapular fracture has a low incidence rate, accounting for 0.4%-0.9% of all fractures, and scapular neck fractures are extremely rare, comprising approximately 7%-25% of all scapular fractures. Scapular neck fractures are often studied as case reports mostly accompanied by other injuries, thus leading to con...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i24.6450
更新日期:2020-12-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia poses a particular challenge to the emergency surgical treatment of elderly patients with high-risk acute abdominal diseases. Elderly patients are a high-risk group for surgical treatment. If the incarceration of gallstones cannot be relieved, emergen...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i20.4908
更新日期:2020-10-26 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the complex relationships between resting energy expenditure (REE), eating psychopathology, and Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal axis functioning in patients with eating disorders. METHODS:The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey, and it was planned by the Clinic for Eating Disorders of the ...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v2.i7.257
更新日期:2014-07-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Knee osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form of osteoarthritis and is becoming the main reason for progressive pain in knee joints. Arthroscopy combined with unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) is one of the effective methods for the treatment of severe unicompartmental knee arthritis. This surgical approa...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i24.4196
更新日期:2019-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare chronic inflammatory lesion of the breast that can clinically and radiographically mimic breast carcinoma. The most common clinical presentation is an unilateral, discrete breast mass, nipple retraction and even a sinus formation often associated with an inflammation of the ...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v2.i12.852
更新日期:2014-12-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In December 2019, the first patient with 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was reported in Wuhan, China, and the disease spread rapidly across the country and surrounding countries within 2 mo. As of February 29, 2020, a total of 91 confirmed cases had been reported in Gansu Province. This case report of th...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i17.3903
更新日期:2020-09-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pancreatic cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of the digestive system, and radical resection is the first choice of treatment for pancreatic cancer. If patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer cannot be treated in time and effectively, their disease often develops rapidly and their survival...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i17.3743
更新日期:2020-09-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling has been shown to be a critical component of therapeutic option. Herein, we report a case of durable complete response to erlotinib. CASE SUMMARY:An 81-year-ol...
journal_title:World journal of clinical cases
pub_type:
doi:10.12998/wjcc.v7.i5.616
更新日期:2019-03-06 00:00:00