Drugs for treating neurocysticercosis (tapeworm infection of the brain).

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hypertonic solutions are considered to have a greater ability to expand blood volume and thus elevate blood pressure and can be administered as a small volume infusion over a short time period. On the other hand, the use of hypertonic solutions for volume replacement may also have important disadvantages. O...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Bunn F,Roberts I,Tasker R,Akpa E

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Safe and effective long-term treatments that reduce the need for corticosteroids are needed for Crohn's disease. Although purine antimetabolites are moderately effective for maintenance of remission patients often relapse despite treatment with these agents. Methotrexate may provide a safe and effective alte...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Patel V,Macdonald JK,McDonald JW,Chande N

更新日期：2009-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) involves the induction of a seizure (fit) for therapeutic purposes by the administration of a variable frequency electrical stimulus shock via electrodes applied to the scalp. The effects of its use in people with schizophrenia are unclear. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether ele...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Tharyan P,Adams CE

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several agents are used to clear secretions from the airways of people with cystic fibrosis. Mannitol increases mucociliary clearance, but its exact mechanism of action is unknown. The dry powder formulation of mannitol may be more convenient and easier to use compared with established agents which require d...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Nevitt SJ,Thornton J,Murray CS,Dwyer T

更新日期：2018-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The use of prophylactic antibiotics to reduce the frequency and severity of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis is controversial. OBJECTIVES:To determine if prophylactic antibiotics reduce the frequency of exacerbations and/or days of disability in subjects with chronic bronchitis. SEARCH STRATEGY:We...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Staykova T,Black PN,Chacko EE,Poole P

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) including in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), combine gametes to enhance the probability of fertilisation and pregnancy. Advanced sperm selection techniques are increasingly employed in ART, most commonly in cycles utilising ICSI....

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lepine S,McDowell S,Searle LM,Kroon B,Glujovsky D,Yazdani A

更新日期：2019-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHas) are generally well tolerated, and are effective in relieving the symptoms of endometriosis (Prentice 2003). Unfortunately the low oestrogen state that they induce is associated with adverse effects including an acceleration in bone mineral density (BMD) loss...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Sagsveen M,Farmer JE,Prentice A,Breeze A

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Wilson's disease, first described by Samuel Wilson in 1912, is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder resulting from mutations in the ATP7B gene. The disease develops as a consequence of copper accumulating in affected tissues. There is no gold standard for the diagnosis of Wilson's disease, which is ofte...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ryan A,Nevitt SJ,Tuohy O,Cook P

更新日期：2019-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The prevalence of sleep problems in adulthood increases with age. While not all sleep changes are pathological in later life, severe disturbances may lead to depression, cognitive impairments, deterioration of quality of life, significant stresses for carers and increased healthcare costs. The most common tr...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Montgomery P,Dennis J

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common form of orthopaedic surgery. Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which consists of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a major and potentially fatal complication after TKA. The incidence of DVT after TKA is 40% to 80% and the incidence of PE is app...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： He ML,Xiao ZM,Lei M,Li TS,Wu H,Liao J

更新日期：2014-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sexually transmitted infections (STI) are common in developing countries. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that in 1995, 333 million new cases of syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydial infection and trichomoniasis occurred. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is also common in developing coun...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wilkinson D,Rutherford G

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A couple may be considered to have fertility problems if they have been trying to conceive for over a year with no success. This may affect up to a quarter of all couples planning a child. It is estimated that for 40% to 50% of couples, subfertility may result from factors affecting women. Antioxidants are t...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Showell MG,Mackenzie-Proctor R,Jordan V,Hart RJ

更新日期：2017-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A range of strategies are used to communicate with parents, caregivers and communities regarding child vaccination in order to inform decisions and improve vaccination uptake. These strategies include interventions in which information is aimed at larger groups in the community, for instance at public meetin...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Saeterdal I,Lewin S,Austvoll-Dahlgren A,Glenton C,Munabi-Babigumira S

更新日期：2014-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cancer increases the risk of thromboembolic events in patients including those receiving anticoagulation treatments. OBJECTIVES:To compare the efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and oral anticoagulants for the long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cance...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Akl EA,Kahale L,Barba M,Neumann I,Labedi N,Terrenato I,Sperati F,Muti P,Schünemann H

更新日期：2014-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Serum monoclonal anti-Myelin Associated Glycoprotein antibodies may be pathogenic in some patients with IgM paraprotein and demyelinating neuropathy. Immunotherapies aimed at reducing the level of these antibodies might be expected to be of benefit in the treatment of the neuropathy. Many potential therapies...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lunn MP,Nobile-Orazio E

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The evidence of tapered methadone's efficacy in managing opioid withdrawal has been systematically evaluated in the previous version of this review that needs to be updated OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effectiveness of tapered methadone compared with other detoxification treatments and placebo in managing opi...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Amato L,Davoli M,Minozzi S,Ferroni E,Ali R,Ferri M

更新日期：2013-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bell's palsy is an idiopathic, acute unilateral facial weakness that evolves rapidly and is maximal within two days. Moderate ear discomfort, sensitivity to sound and reduced tearing may occur. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on recovery of facial function in adults with modera...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Holland NJ,Bernstein JM,Hamilton JW

更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To identify and assess the effects of computer and mobile technology interventions designed to facilitate medication adherence and disease management in individuals with thalassemia, including: evaluating the effects of using compu...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Badawy SM,Morrone K,Thompson A,Palermo TM

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Elevated levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein play an important role in the development of atheromas and, therefore, in cardiovascular diseases. Cholesterol biosynthesis follows a circadian rhythm and is principally produced at night (between 12:00 am and 6:00 am). The adjustment of hypoli...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Izquierdo-Palomares JM,Fernandez-Tabera JM,Plana MN,Añino Alba A,Gómez Álvarez P,Fernandez-Esteban I,Saiz LC,Martin-Carrillo P,Pinar López Ó

更新日期：2016-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute kidney injury (AKI), which is common in hospitalised patients, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite recent advances in treatment, AKI outcomes have not changed substantially during the past four decades, and incidence is increasing. There is an urgent need to explore novel th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Nigwekar SU,Strippoli GF,Navaneethan SD

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:UNAIDS estimates that 34 million people are currently living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide. Currently recommended regimens for initiating HIV treatment consist of either a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) or ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI) combined with...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Shey MS,Kongnyuy EJ,Alobwede SM,Wiysonge CS

更新日期：2013-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of Serenoa repens in the treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). SEARCH STRATEGY:Trials were searched in computerized general and specialized databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Phytodok), by checking bibliographies, and by contacting man...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wilt T,Ishani A,Stark G,MacDonald R,Mulrow C,Lau J

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Telephone services can provide information and support for smokers. Counselling may be provided proactively or offered reactively to callers to smoking cessation helplines. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of proactive and reactive telephone support to help smokers quit. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Co...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Stead LF,Lancaster T

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although highly effective in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is not universally accepted by users. Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions may help people with OSA initiate and maintain regular and continued use of CPAP. OBJECTIVES:To...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Askland K,Wright L,Wozniak DR,Emmanuel T,Caston J,Smith I

更新日期：2020-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Adolescents with asthma are at high risk of poor adherence with treatment. This may be compounded by activities that worsen asthma, in particular smoking. Additional support above and beyond routine care has the potential to encourage good self-management. We wanted to find out whether sessions led by their ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kew KM,Carr R,Crossingham I

更新日期：2017-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Myopia is a condition in which the focusing power (refraction) of the eye is greater than that required for clear distance vision. There are two main types of surgical correction for moderate to high myopia; excimer laser and phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs). Excimer laser refractive surgery for myopia works...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Barsam A,Allan BD

更新日期：2014-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:'Scared Straight' and other programmes involve organised visits to prison by juvenile delinquents or children at risk for criminal behavior. programmes are designed to deter participants from future offending through first-hand observation of prison life and interaction with adult inmates. These programmes r...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Petrosino A,Turpin-Petrosino C,Buehler J

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cholecystectomy is not required in up to 64% of patients who adopt a wait-and-see policy after endoscopic clearance of common bile duct stones. Although reports of retrospective cohort series have shown a higher mortality among patients who defer cholecystectomy, it is not known if this is due to the patient...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： McAlister VC,Davenport E,Renouf E

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2004 (Issue 1) and previously updated in 2012 (Issue 10). Anxiety is common in palliative care patients. It can be a natural response to the complex uncertainty of having a life-limiting illness or impending death, but it may represent a clinically si...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Salt S,Mulvaney CA,Preston NJ

更新日期：2017-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Treatment of acute asthma is based on rapid reversal of bronchospasm and arresting airway inflammation. There is some evidence that intravenous magnesium can provide additional bronchodilation when given in conjunction with standard bronchodilating agents and corticosteroids. No systematic review of this lit...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Rowe BH,Bretzlaff JA,Bourdon C,Bota GW,Camargo CA Jr

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00