Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Sore nipples are common during lactation and remain the major reason for failing to establish successful breastfeeding. To formulate a peppermint gel and to evaluate its effect on the prevention of nipple crack associated with breast-feeding, a randomized double-blinded clinical trial comparing the above formulation with modified lanolin and a neutral ointment was carried out. MATERIAL/METHODS:Two hundred and sixteen primiparous participants were assigned randomly to three groups. Each group applied only one of the above three preparations on both breasts for 14 days. Each group consisted of 72 primiparous mothers and was seen for a maximum of four follow-up visits within 14 days and a final visit at week 6. The rate of nipple and areola crack and pain was evaluated. RESULTS:The study groups were comparable in mean age and route of delivery. Nipple crack were less in mothers who received peppermint gel than in those who received lanolin ointment or placebo (chi(2)=16.8, df=6, P=0.01). Relative risk of nipple crack in the lanolin group (RR: 2.41, 95%CI: 1.20-3.01) was higher than in the peppermint group (RR: 1.85, 95%CI: 1.64-3.10). CONCLUSIONS:Prophylactic peppermint gel in breastfeeding lactating women is associated with fewer nipple cracks and is more effective than lanolin and placebo. It could be recommended for preventing of nipple crack along with teaching better breastfeeding technique at the initiation of breastfeeding.
journal_name
Med Sci Monitjournal_title
Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical researchauthors
Melli MS,Rashidi MR,Nokhoodchi A,Tagavi S,Farzadi L,Sadaghat K,Tahmasebi Z,Sheshvan MKsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-09-01 00:00:00pages
CR406-411issue
9eissn
1234-1010issn
1643-3750pii
498400journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:Background Intracranial arterial variations are a frequent finding in the general population. Knowledge of these vascular variations has significant clinical impact because some of them predispose patients to development of an aneurysm or cerebrovascular ischemic disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.890265
更新日期：2014-03-14 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND We compared the effects of continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) and continuous intraarticular block (CIAB) on pain, functional recovery and adverse effects after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). MATERIAL AND METHODS We prospectively randomized 54 patients undergoing TKA into 2 groups: CFNB (Group F) and CIAB...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.12659/msm.899320
更新日期：2017-06-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical treatment of adrenal disorders is increasingly performed under laparascopic approach. Both pneumoperitoneum and adrenal tumour manipulation may induce haemodynamic variations. The aim of this study was to compare the inhalational and intravenous anaesthetic management for laparascopic adrenalectomy. Between 1...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Benzodiazepine binding sites distinct from the GABA-receptor-chloride-complex in the central nervous system have been recognized in many peripheral tissues, but their physiological role remains unexplained. Our study was undertaken to examine the effects of diazepam, clonazepam, and PK 11195, a peripheral be...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the role of wide-field fluorescein angiography (WF-FA) in the diagnosis and management of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) at a single center in Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study included 106 patients (112 eyes) diagnosed with RVO (102 eyes) or impending...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.927782
更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to increase in Japan, but the clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with HCC have not been well described. The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies and utilities of elevated a-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.889361
更新日期：2013-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to explore the immune mechanism of dendritic cells (DCs) against measles virus (MV), and to identify potential biomarkers to improve measles prevention and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS The gene expression profile of GSE980, which comprised 10 DC samples from human blood infe...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.912949
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.889893
更新日期：2014-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND Whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is independently associated with structural heart abnormalities is controversial because of confounders associated with T2DM. This study aimed to investigate echocardiographic features in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, exploring changes in cardiac structure and f...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.918972
更新日期：2020-01-26 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND Sepsis combined with myocardial injury is an important cause of septic shock and multiple organ failure. However, the molecular mechanism of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction has not yet been thoroughly studied. Resveratrol has been an important research topic due its organ-protection function, but the ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.918369
更新日期：2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To evaluate the possible long-term effect of symptoms of depression on mortality risk among patients with congestive heart failure. MATERIAL/METHODS:Proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the effect of symptoms of depression on mortality among 119 clinically stable patients with symptomatic heart ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND Oxidative DNA damage is associated with male infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative DNA damage of sperm cells and blood leukocytes and to determine the levels of MDA and NO levels in seminal and blood plasma of idiopathic infertile men. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study enrolled 52 pa...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.898631
更新日期：2016-11-11 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.907434
更新日期：2018-05-13 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/msm.895022
更新日期：2016-02-27 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the 24-hour melatonin secretion profile between patients with major depression (MD) before and after clomipramine treatment, and a control group, and also whether or not there exist statistically significant differences in the melatonin ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The goal of this prognostic study was to investigate whether the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) may have a prognostic value with regard to the further course of the illness. MATERIAL/METHODS:Fifty-eight patients (77% of the original study group) diagnosed with DSM III schizophrenia and later re-diagn...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/msm.881768
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The activation of various cytokines, e.g. TNFalpha, IL-1 and/or IL-6, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of renal vasculitis and lupus nephritis (LN). The systemic effect of these cytokines may be modulated by their circulating soluble receptors. The plasma levels of cytokine receptors may thus a...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND This study investigated the prevalence and severity of low back pain (LBP), caesarean section (C-section) rate, and the anesthesia approaches among lumbar scoliosis patients undergoing anterior correction surgery, and compared them with a healthy control cohort. MATERIAL AND METHODS The inclusion criteria f...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.926960
更新日期：2020-10-17 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.911073
更新日期：2018-11-14 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.12659/msm.882878
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/msm.881389
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that exocyst complex is located at polarized growth sites at different cell cycle stages in budding yeast. But how cell cycle and the cyclin-dependent kinase, Cdk1, regulate the distribution of exocyst complex on the plasma membrane and the protein level of each exocyst subunit i...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.914194
更新日期：2019-05-31 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which may function as biomarkers for CRC prognosis and therapies, and the clinical outcome in patients with CR...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.907224
更新日期：2018-07-05 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic value of HCV RNA detection in hepatic tissue for the response to treatment with interferon alfa (IFN) and ribavirin (RIB) in patients with chronic hepatitis C. PATIENTS AND METHODS:A group of 55 patients infected with HCV was examined before the commencement...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a serious complication of advanced chronic liver disease. Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) occurs with dysfunction of multiple organs when abdominal pressure increases. Here, we report on a novel model of ACS with ascites and a model of HRS in rats to observe the urea transp...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.894232
更新日期：2015-09-28 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Two hundred fifty one men and women participated in a study of the prediction of fear of heights, snakes, and public speaking by providing retrospective accounts of multimodal classical conditioning events involving those stimuli. The fears selected for study represent those believed by some to be innate (i....
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
