Abstract:
PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to define the prevalence of undiagnosed airflow obstruction (AO) among subjects with a history of smoking but no previous diagnosis of chronic lung disease. The finding of AO likely represents diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PATIENTS:People aged ≥30 years with a history of smoking who attended public outpatient clinics for primary care services were included in this study. METHODS:A cross-sectional survey in five clinics in Hong Kong using the Breathlessness, Cough, and Sputum Scale, the Lung Function Questionnaire, and office spirometry was conducted. RESULTS:In total, 731 subjects (response rate =97.9%) completed the questionnaires and spirometry tests. Most of the subjects were men (92.5%) in the older age group (mean age =62.2 years; standard deviation =11.7). Of the 731 subjects, 107 had AO, giving a prevalence of 14.6% (95% confidence interval =12.1-17.2); 45 subjects with AO underwent a postbronchodilator test. By classifying the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, 27 (60%) were considered to be in mild category and 18 (40%) in moderate category. None of them belonged to the severe or very severe category. The total score of Lung Function Questionnaire showed that majority of the subjects with AO also had chronic cough, wheezing attack, or breathlessness, although most did not show any acute respiratory symptoms in accordance with the Breathlessness, Cough, and Sputum Scale. Diagnosis of AO was positively associated with the number of years of smoking (odds ratio =1.044, P=0.035) and being normal or underweight (odds ratio =1.605, P=0.046). It was negatively associated with a history of hypertension (odds ratio =0.491, P=0.003). CONCLUSION:One-seventh of smokers have undiagnosed AO. Spirometry screening of smokers should be considered in order to diagnose AO at an early stage, with an emphasis on smoking cessation.
journal_name
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Disauthors
Fu SN,Yu WC,Wong CK,Lam MCdoi
10.2147/COPD.S106306subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-09-27 00:00:00pages
2391-2399eissn
1176-9106issn
1178-2005pii
copd-11-2391journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract::COPD is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs associated with an abnormal inflammatory response to noxious particles, the most prevalent of which is cigarette smoke. Studies have demonstrated that cigarette smoking is associated with activation of the bone marrow, and chronic smoking can lead to the inflammatory...
journal_title:International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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journal_title:International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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journal_title:International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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