Must diabetes be a fatal disease in Africa? Study of costs of treatment.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the effectiveness of an antenatal service using community based breastfeeding peer support workers on initiation of breast feeding. DESIGN:Cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Community antenatal clinics in one primary care trust in a multiethnic, deprived population. PARTICIPANTS:66 ante...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： MacArthur C,Jolly K,Ingram L,Freemantle N,Dennis CL,Hamburger R,Brown J,Chambers J,Khan K

更新日期：2009-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The issue of children on hunger strike (voluntary total fasting) has not been reported before. The World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo 1975 and the Declaration of Malta 1991 (revised 1992) provide clinicians with guidelines for the management of adult patients on hunger strike but do not mention children. W...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Mok A,Nelson EA,Murphy J,Hampson A,Hendriks JH

更新日期：1996-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine how much oncologists tell patients about the survival benefit of palliative chemotherapy during consultations at which decisions about treatment are made. DESIGN:Qualitative study in which consultations were observed and digitally recorded. SETTING:Teaching hospital and district general hospital ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Audrey S,Abel J,Blazeby JM,Falk S,Campbell R

更新日期：2008-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To measure the prevalence of breast feeding and to examine the value of using information collected on Guthrie cards (used for detecting inherited metabolic disease and hypothyroidism when newborn infants are 7 days old) to calculate this prevalence. DESIGN:Analysis, by geographical area and maternity unit, ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Ferguson AE,Tappin DM,Girdwood RW,Kennedy R,Cockburn F

更新日期：1994-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine changes in immunisation performance in Grampian region after the introduction of the 1990 contract for general practitioners. DESIGN:Retrospective descriptive study using data held on the Grampian immunisation record system's computer. SETTING:All 95 general practices in Grampian region (313 gene...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Ritchie LD,Bisset AF,Russell D,Leslie V,Thomson I

更新日期：1992-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the long term effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump therapy) on cardiovascular diseases and mortality in people with type 1 diabetes. DESIGN:Observational study. SETTING:Swedish National Diabetes Register, Sweden 2005-12. PARTICIPANTS:18,168 people with type 1 dia...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Steineck I,Cederholm J,Eliasson B,Rawshani A,Eeg-Olofsson K,Svensson AM,Zethelius B,Avdic T,Landin-Olsson M,Jendle J,Gudbjörnsdóttir S,Swedish National Diabetes Register.

更新日期：2015-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of dietary antioxidants in the primary prevention of age related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:Search of seven databases without limits on year or language of publication, and retrieval of references in pertinent reviews an...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Chong EW,Wong TY,Kreis AJ,Simpson JA,Guymer RH

更新日期：2007-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of flexible sigmoidoscopy in screening for colorectal cancer by patient sex and age. DESIGN: Pooled analysis of randomised trials (the US Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian cancer screening trial (PLCO), the Italian Screening for Colon and Rectum trial (SCORE), and the Norwe...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Holme Ø,Schoen RE,Senore C,Segnan N,Hoff G,Løberg M,Bretthauer M,Adami HO,Kalager M

更新日期：2017-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical benefit of lipid lowering drug treatment in patients with and without diabetes mellitus, for primary and secondary prevention. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:Cochrane, Medline, Embase, and reference lists up to April 2004. STUDY SELECTION:Randomised, place...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Costa J,Borges M,David C,Vaz Carneiro A

更新日期：2006-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare neonatal mortality and morbidity in term infants presenting by the breech and delivered vaginally or by caesarean section. DESIGN:Population based comparison of outcomes. Data derived from the St Mary's maternity information system. SETTING:North West Thames Regional Health Authority, 1988-90. S...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Thorpe-Beeston JG,Banfield PJ,Saunders NJ

更新日期：1992-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the facilities for inpatient care of mentally disordered people in prison. DESIGN:Semistructured inspections conducted by doctor and nurse. Expected standards were based on healthcare quality standards published by the Prison Service or the NHS. SETTING:13 prisons with inpatient beds in Engla...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Reed JL,Lyne M

更新日期：2000-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess body shape trajectories in early and middle life in relation to risk of mortality. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. POPULATION:80 266 women and 36 622 men who recalled their body shape at ages 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 years and p...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Song M,Hu FB,Wu K,Must A,Chan AT,Willett WC,Giovannucci EL

更新日期：2016-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the risk of detention under the Mental Health Act 1983 in a representative group of people with psychotic disorders from different ethnic groups. SETTING:Two defined geographical areas in south London. DESIGN:Annual period prevalent cases of psychosis were identified in 1993 in the study areas fr...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Davies S,Thornicroft G,Leese M,Higgingbotham A,Phelan M

更新日期：1996-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To find out whether enalapril or ramipril causes the sensitivity of the cough reflex to change or symptomatic cough to develop in patients with hypertension. DESIGN:Prospective, placebo controlled, double blind, randomised crossover study. SETTING:Academic units of clinical pharmacology and medicine. PATIE...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： McEwan JR,Choudry N,Street R,Fuller RW

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stroke is the leading cause of long term disability in developed countries and one of the top causes of mortality worldwide. The past decade has seen substantial advances in the diagnostic and treatment options available to minimize the impact of acute ischemic stroke. The key first step in stroke care is early identi...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Phipps MS,Cronin CA

更新日期：2020-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the association between intake of fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and the risk of breast cancer and to evaluate the potential dose-response relation. DESIGN:Meta-analysis and systematic review of prospective cohort studies. DATA SOURCES:PubMed and Embase up to December 20...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Zheng JS,Hu XJ,Zhao YM,Yang J,Li D

更新日期：2013-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To test whether a drug review and symptom self management and lifestyle advice intervention by community pharmacists could reduce hospital admissions or mortality in heart failure patients. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Home based intervention in heart failure patients. PARTICIPANTS:293 patie...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Holland R,Brooksby I,Lenaghan E,Ashton K,Hay L,Smith R,Shepstone L,Lipp A,Daly C,Howe A,Hall R,Harvey I

更新日期：2007-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The benefits to medical practitioners of using the Internet are growing rapidly as the Internet becomes easier to use and ever more biomedical resources become available on line. The Internet is the largest computer network in the world; it is also a virtual community, larger than many nation states, with its own rule...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Pallen M

更新日期：1995-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 22,552 workers employed by the Atomic Weapons Establishment between 1951 and 1982 were followed up for an average of 18.6 years. Of the 3115 who died, 865 (28%) died of cancer. Mortality was 23% lower than the national average for all causes of death and 18% lower for cancer. These low rates were consistent...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Beral V,Fraser P,Carpenter L,Booth M,Brown A,Rose G

更新日期：1988-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 4% dimeticone lotion for treatment of head louse infestation. DESIGN:Randomised controlled equivalence trial. SETTING:Community, with home visits. PARTICIPANTS:214 young people aged 4 to 18 years and 39 adults with active head louse infestation. INTERVENTIONS:Two app...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Burgess IF,Brown CM,Lee PN

更新日期：2005-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To characterise the percentage of available outcome data being presented in reports of randomised clinical trials with continuous outcome measures, thereby determining the potential for incomplete reporting bias. DESIGN:Descriptive cross sectional study. DATA SOURCES:A random sample of 200 randomised trials...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Schriger DL,Savage DF,Altman DG

更新日期：2012-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether users of oral contraceptives and in [corrected] carriers of a hereditary prothrombotic condition (factor V Leiden mutation, protein C, S, or antithrombin deficiency) have an increased risk of cerebral sinus thrombosis. DESIGN:Comparison of a prospective series of cases of cerebral sinu...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： de Bruijn SF,Stam J,Koopman MM,Vandenbroucke JP

更新日期：1998-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Telephone helplines are an effective way of dealing with health related incidents in which large numbers of people need personal counselling or information for reassurance or case finding. Helplines often have to be set up at short notice, which is labour intensive and makes recruitment of appropriate staff difficult....

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Stark C,Christie P,Marr AC

更新日期：1994-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate current practice of screening children from abroad for infections after coming to the United Kingdom, and to make recommendations for future practice. DESIGN:A review of literature and a questionnaire sent to all health authorities and boards in the United Kingdom. SETTING:All health authori...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Shabde N,Waterston T

更新日期：1990-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：:I have attempted to adopt the perspective of a patient--albeit one with a rather atypical background--to explore what I want from health research and researchers. This has left me with the impression that health researchers could serve the interests of the public more effectively in a variety of ways, and that they wo...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Chalmers I

更新日期：1995-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the hypothesis that risk of oesophageal, but not of gastric or colorectal, cancer is increased in users of oral bisphosphonates. DESIGN:Nested case-control analysis within a primary care cohort of about 6 million people in the UK, with prospectively recorded information on prescribing of bisphosph...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Green J,Czanner G,Reeves G,Watson J,Wise L,Beral V

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the appropriateness of referrals from general practice to hospital outpatient departments. DESIGN:Prospective audit of referrals from a group practice over one year. SETTING:Six handed practice in a southern coastal town. SUBJECTS:All patients referred during the study period for whom a copy o...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Emmanuel J,Walter N

更新日期：1989-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To understand the approaches to learning of practising physicians in their workplace and to assess the relation of these approaches to their motivation for, preferred methods of, and perceived barriers to continuing medical education. DESIGN:Postal survey of 800 Ontario physicians. PARTICIPANTS:373 physici...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Delva MD,Kirby JR,Knapper CK,Birtwhistle RV

更新日期：2002-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine association of different measures of serum lipid concentration and obesity with mortality in women. DESIGN:Prospective observational study initiated in 1968-9, follow up examination after 12 years, and follow up study based on death certificates after 20 years. SETTING:Gothenburg, Sweden. SUBJEC...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Bengtsson C,Björkelund C,Lapidus L,Lissner L

更新日期：1993-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the influence of parental age at delivery and birth order on subsequent risk of childhood diabetes. DESIGN:Prospective population based family study. SETTING:Area formerly administered by the Oxford Regional Health Authority. PARTICIPANTS:1375 families in which one child or more had diabetes. O...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Bingley PJ,Douek IF,Rogers CA,Gale EA

更新日期：2000-08-12 00:00:00