Complete response in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment with nivolumab.

Abstract:

:Introduction: PD-1 inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of dMMR patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, but the efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment with PD-1 in dMMR locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients has not yet been defined. Patients and methods: Two patients with LARC received Nivolumab as neoadjuvant treatment in July 2017. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and multiplex immunofluorescence analysis were performed. Results: Of the two patients, one achieved pathological complete response after six cycles of nivolumab followed by surgery. The other patient was confirmed to be clinical complete response after six cycles of nivolumab. "Watch and wait" strategy was performed for anal preservation. WES showed high tumor mutation burden. Multiplex immunofluorescence analysis showed immune microenvironment alternation between pretreatment specimen and post-treatment specimen. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant nivolumab induced complete response in both of the two patients with LARC. Immunotherapy might be an alternative strategy for neoadjuvant treatment for dMMR/MSI rectal cancer.

journal_name

Oncoimmunology

journal_title

Oncoimmunology

authors

Zhang J,Cai J,Deng Y,Wang H

doi

10.1080/2162402X.2019.1663108

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-09-19 00:00:00

pages

e1663108

issue

12

eissn

2162-4011

issn

2162-402X

pii

1663108

journal_volume

8

pub_type

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