Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:Studies from high-income countries suggest higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among individuals in low socioeconomic groups. However, some studies from low/middle-income countries show the reverse pattern among those in high socioeconomic groups. It is unknown which pattern applies to individuals living in rural and urban Ghana. We assessed the association between socioeconomic status (SES) indicators and CKD in rural and urban Ghana and to what extent the higher SES of people in urban areas of Ghana could account for differences in CKD between rural and urban populations. SETTING:The study was conducted in Ghana (Ashanti region). We used baseline data from a multicentre Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants (RODAM) study. PARTICIPANTS:The sample consisted of 2492 adults (Rural Ghana, 1043, Urban Ghana, 1449) aged 25-70 years living in Ghana. EXPOSURE:Educational level, occupational level and wealth index. OUTCOME:Three CKD outcomes were considered using the 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes severity of CKD classification: albuminuria, reduced glomerular filtration rate and high to very high CKD risk based on the combination of these two. RESULTS:All three SES indicators were not associated with CKD in both rural and urban Ghana after age and sex adjustment except for rural Ghana where high wealth index was significantly associated with higher odds of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (adjusted OR, 2.38; 95% CI 1.03 to 5.47). The higher rate of CKD observed in urban Ghana was not explained by the higher SES of that population. CONCLUSION:SES indicators were not associated with prevalence of CKD except for wealth index and reduced eGFR in rural Ghana. Consequently, the higher SES of urban Ghana did not account for the increased rate of CKD among urban dwellers suggesting the need to identify other factors that may be driving this.
journal_name
BMJ Openjournal_title
BMJ openauthors
Adjei DN,Stronks K,Adu D,Beune E,Meeks K,Smeeth L,Addo J,Owusu-Dabo E,Klipstein-Grobusch K,Mockenhaupt FP,Danquah I,Spranger J,Bahendeka S,De-Graft Aikins A,Agyemang Cdoi
10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022610subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-24 00:00:00pages
e022610issue
5issn
2044-6055pii
bmjopen-2018-022610journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BMJ Open文献大全abstract:INTRODUCTION:Providing smoking cessation treatment is an important intervention for tuberculosis (TB) patients. Mobile technologies, such as smartphone applications, have shown promising potential. However, there are few effective applications that could support TB patients in their efforts to quit smoking. To address ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031204
更新日期:2019-12-02 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Progression of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) towards acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a dynamic and heterogeneous process with many intertwined constituents, in which a plaque destabilising sequence could lead to ACS within short time frames. Current CAD risk assessment models, however, are not designed ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012929
更新日期:2016-12-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of the community-based newborn care package (CBNCP) on six essential practices to improve neonatal health. METHODS:CBNCP pilot districts were matched to comparison districts using propensity scores. Impact on birth preparedness, antenatal care seeking, antenatal care quality, delivery ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015285
更新日期:2017-10-05 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Clinical practice guidelines facilitate optimal clinical practice. Point of care access, interpretation and application of such guidelines, however, is inconsistent. Informatics-based tools may help clinicians apply guidelines more consistently. We have developed a novel clinical decision support tool that...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019087
更新日期:2017-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To propose a feasible suggestion to reduce the high prevalence of anaemia in middle-aged and elderly women by investigating risk factors, particularly nutritional factors, and analysing the effect on anaemia in three different rural areas of China. DESIGN:A case-control study. SETTING:Three counties of Chi...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004751
更新日期:2014-08-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We aimed to adapt, translate and validate the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) in Malaysian patients with chronic liver diseases of various aetiologies. SETTING:Tertiary level teaching institution in Malaysia. PARTICIPANTS:The validation process involved 211 adult patients (English language n=101,...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013873
更新日期:2017-05-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the diagnostic accuracy of five vision screening tools used in a school setting using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). DESIGN:We compared the results of the five best evidence-based screening tools available in 2014 to the results of a ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032138
更新日期:2019-09-26 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Dementia and Imagination is a multidisciplinary research collaboration bringing together arts and science to address current evidence limitations around the benefits of visual art activities in dementia care. The research questions ask: Can art improve quality of life and well-being? If it does make a diff...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011634
更新日期:2016-11-02 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To report on the causes of blindness certifications in England and Wales in working age adults (16-64 years) in 2009-2010; and to compare these with figures from 1999 to 2000. DESIGN:Analysis of the national database of blindness certificates of vision impairment (CVIs) received by the Certifications Office...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004015
更新日期:2014-02-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Inspired by the James Lind Alliance (JLA) user involvement approach, the aim of the present study was to identify the top 10 uncertainties for sleep research raised by students in higher education, and to discuss our experiences with adapting the JLA method to a student population. DESIGN:The study design i...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043697
更新日期:2021-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the present value of current and future funding needed for HIV treatment and prevention in 9 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries that account for 70% of HIV burden in Africa under different scenarios of intervention scale-up. To analyse the gaps between current expenditures and funding obligation...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009656
更新日期:2016-03-06 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) improves clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. However, rates of lipid-lowering medication adherence are far from ideal. Reducing dosage frequency from multiple dosing to once-daily dosing may improve patients' medication adhere...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034585
更新日期:2020-05-17 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Early childhood development (ECD) is a critical component for building the foundation of future physical and emotional health and subsequent academic success. The quality of the home environment to promote development is an important factor in ECD. Since large rural-urban disparities in the home environmen...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037156
更新日期:2020-10-19 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The large number of treatment modalities for patients diagnosed with Menière's disease (MD) complicates the selection of the best available treatment as the comparative efficacy of these interventions is not clear. We aim to identify the treatment or treatments with the highest efficacy of current pharmaco...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010269
更新日期:2016-06-09 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The primary objective was to explore differences in perceived need for care (PNC), mental health services use (MHSU) and perceived sufficiency of care (PSC) between Canadian Armed Forces Regular Force (RegF) and Reserve Force (ResF) personnel with an objective need for mental health services. DESIGN:Data cam...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028849
更新日期:2019-09-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the impact of comorbidities, acute illness burden and social determinants of health on predicting the risk of frequent hospital admissions. DESIGN:Multivariable logistic regression was used to associate the predictive variables extracted from electronic health records and frequent hospital admis...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012705
更新日期:2016-10-14 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The creatine kinase circuit is central to the regulation of high-energy phosphate metabolism and the maintenance of cellular energy turnover. This circuit is fuelled by creatine, an amino acid derivative that can be obtained from a diet containing animal products, and by synthesis in the body de novo. A re...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026756
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess scientific publication and map research gaps on access to medicines (ATM) in Latin American and the Caribbean low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC). DESIGN:Scoping review. Two independent reviewers assessed studies for inclusion and extracted data from each study. INFORMATION SOURCES:Searc...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002224
更新日期:2013-05-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pembrolizumab was recently demonstrated to have survival benefit in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (r/mHNSCC). However, the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy in China remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE:This analysis aimed to describe the cost-effe...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038867
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:There has been increased interest in screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) with commissioned pilot schemes, ongoing large clinical trials and the emergence of inexpensive consumer single-lead ECG devices that can be used to detect AF. This qualitative study aimed to explore patients' views and understanding...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033061
更新日期:2020-03-18 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Providing an overview of the neuropsychological tests used in Italian memory clinics (defined as Centers for Cognitive Disorders and Dementias-CCDD in Italy) for the diagnosis of cognitive disorders and dementias. METHODS:A total of 501 CCDD, out of all 536 active CCDD, were surveyed between February 2014 and Augu...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017847
更新日期:2018-03-28 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the association between psychosocial, sociodemographic and material determinants of positive mental health in Europe. DESIGN:Cross-sectional analysis of survey data. SETTING:34 European countries. PARTICIPANTS:Representative Europe-wide sample consisting of 21 066 men and 22 569 women aged ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005095
更新日期:2014-05-28 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Most of the Chinese occupational population are becoming at risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). However, there is a limited number of literature reviews on occupational NIHL in China. This study aimed to analyse the prevalence and characteristics of occupational NIHL in the Chinese population using dat...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039576
更新日期:2020-09-28 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Distress is experienced by the majority of cardiac patients, yet no cardiac-specific measure of distress exists. The aim of this project is to develop and validate the Cardiac Distress Inventory (CDI). Using the CDI, health professionals will be able to identify key clusters of psychological, emotional and...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034946
更新日期:2020-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Increasing evidence suggests that low social support is associated with an elevated risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Earlier studies in this field were conducted in predominantly middle-aged or older samples; thus, the associations reported previously may have been confounded by subclinical manifestatio...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030880
更新日期:2019-12-09 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the psychometric properties of the Patient Reported Outcomes, Burdens and Experiences (PROBE) questionnaire. METHODS:This study was a cross-sectional, multinational study. Participants were enrolled if they were more than 10 years old and people with haemophilia A or B or people without a bleeding ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021900
更新日期:2018-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Arthroscopic surgery is a very common orthopaedic procedure. While several trials have investigated the effect of knee arthroscopy for middle-aged and older patients with meniscal tears, there is a paucity of trials comparing meniscal surgery with non-surgical treatment for younger adults. The aim of this ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017436
更新日期:2017-08-21 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the association between area deprivation at municipality level with low perceived social support, independent of individual socioeconomic position and demographic characteristics. To assess whether there are gender inequalities in this association. DESIGN:Cross-sectional multilevel analysis o...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019973
更新日期:2018-04-12 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The long-term goal of the Study of Mothers' and Infants' Life Events Affecting Oral Health (SMILE) birth cohort study is to identify and evaluate the relative importance and timing of critical factors that shape the oral health of young children. It will then evaluate those factors in their inter-relationship w...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041185
更新日期:2020-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess whether disparities in rates of same-day discharge for lower extremities arterial disease (5%) and varicose vein interventions (90%) are associated with the burden of postprocedural rehabilitation process, measured through the duration of sick leave. DESIGN:Retrospective observational study using F...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034713
更新日期:2020-06-28 00:00:00