Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Neisseria meningitidis carriage prevalence has known variation across the lifespan, but it is unclear whether carriage varies among meningococcal capsular groups. Therefore, we aimed to characterise group-specific meningococcal carriage by age group and world region from 2007 to 2016. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health Database, WHO Global Health Library, Web of Science, Current Contents Connects, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang were systematically searched. Database searches were conducted through July 2018 and Google Scholar forward searches of included studies were conducted through August 2018. References of included studies and relevant conference abstracts were also searched to identify additional articles for inclusion. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported capsular group-specific meningococcal carriage in a healthy population of a specified age group and geographical region. For this review, only studies conducted between 2007 and 2016 were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS:Data were independently extracted by two authors into Microsoft Access. Studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Studies eligible for inclusion in quantitative analyses by pre-specified age groups were pooled using random effects meta-analyses. Results are reported by capsular group, age group and WHO region. Where meta-analyses were not appropriate, study results were discussed narratively. RESULTS:7511 articles were identified and 65 were eligible for inclusion. Adolescents and young adults were the focus of many studies (n=24), especially in the Americas and Europe. Studies from China and Africa, typically, included data from a wider age range. The overall carriage prevalence varied markedly by age group and region. Based on the available data, 21 studies were included in meta-analyses reporting serogroup carriage for: all ages in Africa, 18-24-year olds in the Americas, and 11-17 and 18-24-year olds in Europe. Capsular groups W, X, Y and 'other' (non-ABCWXY, including non-groupable) were the most prevalent in Africa, and 5-17-year olds had higher carriage prevalence than other age groups. 'Other' serogroups (11.5%, 95% CI 1.6% to 16.1%) were the most common among 18-24-year olds from the Americas. In Europe, 18-24-year old were carriers more frequently than 11-17-year olds, and groups B (5.0%, 95% CI 3.0% to 7.5%), Y (3.9%, 95% CI 1.3% to 7.8%) and 'other' (6.4%, 95% CI 3.1% to 10.8%) were the most commonly carried in the older age group. CONCLUSIONS:Of the age groups included in the analysis, carriage patterns by age were similar across capsular groups within a region but differed between regions. Data gaps remain for age- and capsular group-specific carriage in many regions, especially in the Eastern Mediterranean and South-East Asia. As such, clear and robust conclusions about the variation of capsular group-specific carriage by age group and WHO region were unable to be determined. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER:CRD42017074671.
journal_name
BMJ Openjournal_title
BMJ openauthors
Peterson ME,Li Y,Shanks H,Mile R,Nair H,Kyaw MH,Meningococcal Carriage Group.doi
10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024343subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-20 00:00:00pages
e024343issue
4issn
2044-6055pii
bmjopen-2018-024343journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析相关文献
BMJ Open文献大全abstract:OBJECTIVE:To summarise the evidence on determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQL) in Asian patients with breast cancer. DESIGN:Systematic review conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42015032468...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020512
更新日期:2018-04-20 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although a great majority of patients with cervical radiculopathy syndrome can successfully be treated non-operatively, a considerable proportion experience persistent symptoms, severe enough to require neurosurgical intervention. During the past decade, cervical spine procedures have increasingly been per...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032575
更新日期:2019-11-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The juvenile form of Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare disorder. There are no population-based estimates of either its incidence or prevalence in any population in the world. The present study was undertaken to estimate the frequency of juvenile HD in the UK and to examine the range of pharmacological trea...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002085
更新日期:2013-04-03 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Less than 1% of children have complex medical conditions but account for one-third of all child health spending. The impact of suboptimal management of this group of children can have a considerable effect on families as well as services. Some families appear to cope more easily than others do, but there a...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015242
更新日期:2017-09-24 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Lung cancer is increasingly recognised as a heterogeneous disease. Recent advances with targeted therapies for lung cancer with oncogenic mutations have greatly improved the prognosis for this subset of patients, yet little is known about their experiences. This study aimed to identify the needs and explore t...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032639
更新日期:2020-03-23 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Poor mental health is an important public health concern, but mental health problems are often under-recognised. Providing feedback to general practitioners (GPs) on their patients' mental health status may improve the identification of cases in need of mental healthcare. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the ext...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037731
更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Internalised homonegativity (IH) is hypothesised to be associated with HIV risk behaviour and HIV testing in men who have sex with men (MSM). We sought to determine the social and individual variables associated with IH and the associations between IH and HIV-related behaviours. DESIGN AND SETTING:We examin...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001928
更新日期:2013-02-04 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Young people with drug and alcohol problems are likely to have poorer health and other psychosocial outcomes than other young people. Residential treatment programmes have been shown to lead to improved health and related outcomes for young people in the short term. There is very little robust research sho...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010824
更新日期:2016-05-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Animal and in vitro studies suggest that viral acute respiratory infection (VARI) can predispose to pneumococcal infection. These findings suggest that the prevention of VARI can yield additional benefits for the control of pneumococcal disease (PD). In population-based studies, however, the evidence is not i...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019743
更新日期:2018-04-21 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Health interventions often target pregnant women and their unborn children. Interventions in rural India targeting pregnant women, however, often do not cover the critical early windows of susceptibility during the first trimester and parts of the second trimester. This pilot seeks to determine if targetin...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044127
更新日期:2020-10-05 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study is to summarise and analyse the current literature about what progression criteria are applied in loading exercise programmes in lower limb tendinopathies and their evidence and effectiveness. DESIGN:Systematic review. METHODS:PubMed, Embase, Scopus and PEDro were searched from i...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041433
更新日期:2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:It is unclear how newer methods of respiratory support for infants born extremely preterm (EP; 22-27 weeks gestation) have affected in-hospital sequelae. We aimed to determine changes in respiratory support, survival and morbidity in EP infants since the early 1990s. DESIGN:Prospective longitudinal cohort s...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037507
更新日期:2020-09-10 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:An increasing number of studies had shown that air pollution exposure may aggravate blood glucose control in patients with diabetes, an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) proposed by some researchers. This study aimed to investigate the impact of exposure to ambient particulate matter with a...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036955
更新日期:2020-10-28 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare cardiovascular fitness and physical activity of schoolchildren 18 months after London 2012 according to Olympic 'inspiration'. DESIGN:A cross-sectional comparison between groups of schoolchildren categorised according to self-reported Olympic inspiration and a repeated cross-sectional comparison ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011670
更新日期:2016-11-23 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting approximately 10% to 25% of the adult population. A large number of clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics for IBS but the results were inconsistent. Previous meta-analyses ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027376
更新日期:2019-12-02 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Chronic musculoskeletal pain is a complex medical condition that can significantly impact quality of life. Patients with chronic pain demonstrate attentional biases towards pain-related information. The therapeutic benefits of modifying attentional biases by implicitly training attention away from pain-rel...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030607
更新日期:2020-02-20 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:High-performance marine craft personnel (HPMCP) are regularly exposed to vibration and repeated shock (VRS) levels exceeding maximum limitations stated by international legislation. Whereas such exposure reportedly is detrimental to health and performance, the epidemiological data necessary to link these adve...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016006
更新日期:2017-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and mood disorders commonly co-occur, and are associated with a range of negative outcomes for patients. Mobile phone technology has the potential to provide personalised support for such patients and potentially improve outcomes in this difficult-to-treat cohort. The aim of th...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013587
更新日期:2017-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Multimorbidity (MM) refers to the coexistence of two or more chronic conditions within one person, where no one condition is considered primary. As populations age and healthcare provision improves, MM is becoming increasingly common and poses a challenge to the single morbidity approach to illness managem...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012131
更新日期:2017-01-18 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Developing electronic health record information systems is an international trend for promoting the integration of health information and enhancing the quality of medical services. Patient education is a frequent intervention in nursing care, and recording the amount and quality of patient education have b...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020621
更新日期:2018-05-03 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Sciatica is a lower spine condition characterised by radiating leg pain below the knee. It may be accompanied by motor and sensory loss in the distribution of a spinal nerve. There are few effective treatments for sciatica. Orally administered glucocorticoids have shown some promise, however, any beneficia...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040559
更新日期:2020-06-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the use of helmets for cyclists choosing to use BIXI bikes in comparison to personal bike riders in the City of Toronto. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study design. SETTING:Cyclists were observed in Toronto, Canada. PARTICIPANTS:Of the 6732 sample size, 306 cyclists on BIXI bikes and 6426 personal ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001049
更新日期:2012-06-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The study examined medical care utilisation by health insurance status changes. SETTING:The Korean Welfare Panel Study (KoWePs) was used. PARTICIPANTS:This study analysed 14,267 participants at baseline (2006). INTERVENTIONS:The individuals were categorised into four health insurance status groups: contin...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009538
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a slowly progressive neuromuscular disease. Cold exposure often leads to worsening of motor symptoms including paresis. Although mexiletine hydrochloride administration has been shown to be effective for the treatment of several muscular diseases, its effectiven...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023041
更新日期:2018-09-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The presentation of decrease blood pressure with tachycardia is usually an indicator of significant blood loss. In this study, we used the reverse shock index (RSI), a ratio of systolic blood pressure (SBP) to heart rate (HR), to evaluate the haemodynamic status of trauma patients. As an SBP lower than the H...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011072
更新日期:2016-06-21 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Cancer of the oral cavity is the leading malignancy among males in Sri Lanka, and sixth among women. This study aimed to estimate costs of managing patients with oral cancer (OCA) in Sri Lanka for a 12 month period from diagnosis. DESIGN:Hospital based costing study. SETTINGS:Four selected cancer treatment ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027661
更新日期:2019-07-19 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To analyse variables associated with article placement order in serial rheumatology journals. DESIGN:Content analysis. SETTING:Original articles published in seven rheumatology journals from 2013 to 2018. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:The following data were extracted from 6787 articles: order nu...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034550
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To study whether self-reported health problems predict sickness absence (SA) from work in employees from different industries. METHODS:The results of a health risk appraisal (HRA) were combined with archival data of SA of 21 608 employees (59% female, 56% clerical). Exposure variables were self-reported hea...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025967
更新日期:2019-10-31 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Case management allows us to respond to the complex needs of a vulnerable clientele through a structured approach that promotes enhanced interaction between partners. Syntheses on the subject converge towards a need for a better description of the relationships between programmes and their local context, a...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006991
更新日期:2014-12-02 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To explore the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan and the trends of its eradication therapy before and after the changes of the insurance coverage policy, first started in 2000, and expanded to cover H. pylori-positive gastritis in 2013. The impacts that the changes brought were estimated. ...
journal_title:BMJ open
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015855
更新日期:2017-07-31 00:00:00