Abstract:
BACKGROUND:In the 2011 Rio Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization (WHO) Member States pledged action in five areas crucial for addressing health inequities. Their pledges referred to better governance for health and development, greater participation in policymaking and implementation, further reorientation of the health sector towards reducing health inequities, strengthening of global governance and collaboration, and monitoring progress and increasing accountability. WHO is developing a global system for monitoring governments' and international organizations' actions on the social determinants of health (SDH) to increase transparency and accountability, and to guide implementation, in alignment with broader health and development policy frameworks, including the universal health coverage and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) agendas. We describe the selection of indicators proposed to be part of the initial WHO global system for monitoring action on the SDH. METHODS:An interdisciplinary working group was established by WHO, the Public Health Agency of Canada, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research-Institute of Population and Public Health. We describe the processes and criteria used for selecting SDH action indicators that were of high quality and the described the challenges encountered in creating a set of metrics for capturing government action on addressing the Rio Political Declaration's five Action Areas. RESULTS:We developed 19 measurement concepts, identified and screened 20 indicator databases and systems, including the 223 SDG indicators, and applied strong criteria for selecting indicators for the core indicator set. We identified 36 suitable existing indicators, which were often SDG indicators. CONCLUSIONS:Lessons learnt included the importance of ensuring diversity of the working group and always focusing on health equity; challenges included the relative dearth of data and indicators on some key interventions and capturing the context and level of implementation of indicator interventions.
journal_name
Int J Equity Healthjournal_title
International journal for equity in healthauthors
Working Group for Monitoring Action on the Social Determinants of Health.doi
10.1186/s12939-018-0836-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-09-05 00:00:00pages
136issue
1issn
1475-9276pii
10.1186/s12939-018-0836-7journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:Prior to 2007, forced sex with male children in South Africa did not count as rape but as "indecent assault", a much less serious offence. This study sought to document prevalence of male sexual violence among school-going youth. DESIGN:A facilitated self-administered questionnaire in nine of the 11 official...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1475-9276-7-20
更新日期:2008-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The importance of culture for food consumption is widely acknowledged, as well as the fact that culture-based resources ("cultural capital") differ between educational groups. Since current explanations for educational inequalities in healthy and unhealthy food consumption (e.g. economic capital, social capi...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-018-0884-z
更新日期:2018-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In 2014 the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the "End TB Strategy", setting new ambitious goals for elimination of tuberculosis (TB). In contrast with previous efforts to control TB, the new strategy adopted the protection and promotion of human rights in TB prevention and care as a core pillar. This...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-019-0928-z
更新日期:2019-06-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic diseases are more prevalent and occur at a much younger age in Aboriginal people in Australia compared with non-Aboriginal people. Aboriginal people also have higher rates of unplanned hospital readmissions and emergency department presentations. There is a paucity of research on the effectiveness of...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-018-0776-2
更新日期:2018-05-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inequalities in health across social class, gender and regional context in Spain are well-known; however, there is a lack of research examining how these dimensions of inequality interact. This study explores self-rated health (SRH) inequalities across intersectional positions of gender, social class and reg...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-020-01202-7
更新日期:2020-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Connecting knowledge with action (KWA) for health equity involves interventions that can redistribute power and resources at local, national, and global levels. Although there is ample and compelling evidence on the nature, distribution, and impact of health inequities, advancing health equity is inhibited by policy a...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12939-019-1108-x
更新日期:2019-12-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inequity in use of physician services has been detected even within health care systems with universal coverage of the population through public insurance schemes. In this study we analyse and compare inequity in use of physician visits (GP and specialists) in Norway based on data from the Surveys of Living ...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1475-9276-10-25
更新日期:2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health equity is a priority in the global sustainable development agenda. Available health equity indicators often focus on health outcomes, access to healthcare, risk factors and determinants such as income, education, and gender. Less attention has been given to other social determinants, including those r...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-019-0978-2
更新日期:2019-06-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion coincided with a preponderance of research, worldwide, on the social determinants of health and health inequities. Despite the establishment of a 'health inequities knowledge base', the precise roles for municipal governments in reducing health inequities at the l...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1475-9276-9-13
更新日期:2010-05-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between multimorbidity and Preference_Weighted Health Related Quality of Life (PW_HRQoL), a score that combines physical and mental functioning, and how this varies by socioeconomic deprivation and age. DESIGN:The Scottish Health Survey (SHeS) is a cross-sectional representativ...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1475-9276-12-67
更新日期:2013-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::There is a global trend towards the use of ad hoc participation processes that seek to engage grassroots stakeholders in decisions related to municipal infrastructure, land use and services. We present the results of a scholarly literature review examining 14 articles detailing specific cases of these processes to con...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-015-0252-1
更新日期:2015-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In 2002 Afghanistan's Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) and its development partners initiated a new paradigm for the health sector by electing to Contract-Out (CO) the Basic Package of Health Services (BPHS) to non-state providers (NSPs). This model is generally regarded as successful, but literature is scar...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-018-0847-4
更新日期:2018-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::In the debate on 'Third options' for health care delivery in low- and middle-income countries it is proposed that self-help should play a larger role. Self-help is expected to contribute towards improving population health outcomes and reducing government health care expenditure. We review scope and limitations of sel...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1186/1475-9276-3-1
更新日期:2004-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health sector priority setting in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) entails balancing between a high demand and low supply of scarce resources. Human Resources for Health (HRH) consume the largest allocation of health sector resources in LMICs. Health sector decentralization continues to be promoted fo...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-020-01284-3
更新日期:2020-09-21 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The Brazilian Government created Participatory Health Councils (PHCs) to allow citizen participation in the public health policy process. PHCs are advisory bodies that operate at all levels of government and that bring together different societal groups to monitor Brazil's health system. Today they are pre...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-015-0151-5
更新日期:2015-02-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Older adults are more prone to various diseases. Health insurance becomes effective mechanism to relieve financial burden when the insured is sick. In China, most older adults live in the countryside, and New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme is a kind of health insurance system in rural areas. The relationsh...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-021-01379-5
更新日期:2021-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While psychosocial theory claims that socioeconomic status (SES), acting through social comparisons, has an important influence on susceptibility to disease, materialistic theory says that socioeconomic position (SEP) and related access to material resources matter more. However, the relative role of SEP ver...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-017-0566-2
更新日期:2017-05-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health inequalities disproportionally affect indigenous people in Guatemala. Previous studies have noted that the disadvantageous situation of indigenous people is the result of complex and structural elements such as social exclusion, racism and discrimination. These elements need to be addressed in order t...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-016-0367-z
更新日期:2016-05-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Latin America (LA) has experienced constant economic and political crises that coincide with periods of greater inequality. Between 1996 and 2007 Ecuador went through one of the greatest political and socio-economic crises in Latin America, a product of neo-liberal economic growth strategies. Between 2007 an...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-020-01359-1
更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:If an intervention is not well spatially targeted, appropriate levels of uptake, efficacy, long-term compliance and improved health outcomes are unlikely to be attained. Effective health interventions should seek to achieve not only absolute improvements in health but also to reduce inequity. There is ofte...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-015-0256-x
更新日期:2015-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:: This review investigates the health of immigrants to Canada by critically examining differences in health status between immigrants and the native-born population and by tracing how the health of immigrants changes after settling in the country. Fifty-one published empirical studies met the inclusion criteria for thi...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1475-9276-9-27
更新日期:2010-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The strategy of health policy has been changed for improving the performances to meeting the increasing healthcare demands. However, limited evidences were found to prove that the bundled payment was valid for service delivering in public sector. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a bun...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-016-0334-8
更新日期:2016-03-10 00:00:00
abstract:: Poverty is often identified as a major barrier to human development. It is also a powerful brake on accelerated progress toward the Millennium Development Goals. Poverty is also a major cause of maternal mortality, as it prevents many women from getting proper and adequate medical attention due to their inability to ...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1186/1475-9276-7-11
更新日期:2008-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Effectively addressing the social determinants of health and health equity are critical yet still-emerging areas of public health practice. This is significant for contemporary practice as the egregious impacts of health inequities on health outcomes continue to be revealed. More public health organizations ...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-016-0419-4
更新日期:2016-08-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Underserved and low-income population are placed at a disadvantage for receiving necessary cancer screenings. This study aims to measure the rates of receiving three types of cancer screening services, Pap test, mammogram and colorectal cancer screening, among patients seen at U.S. health centers (HCs) to in...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-020-1153-5
更新日期:2020-03-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hearing loss is a prevalent but neglected disease, especially in low- or middle-income countries. The role of Community Health Workers (CHWs) to deliver primary ear and hearing care has been explored in several studies from a technical standpoint, but understanding perceptions, barriers, and enablers of such...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-020-01158-8
更新日期:2020-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Life expectancy initially improves rapidly with economic development but then tails off. Yet, at any level of economic development, some countries do better, and some worse, than expected - they either punch above or below their weight. Why this is the case has been previously researched but no full explanat...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-018-0832-y
更新日期:2018-08-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Through a number of healthcare reforms, Kenya has demonstrated its intention to extend financial risk protection and service coverage for poor and vulnerable groups. These reforms include the provision of free maternity services, user-fee removal in public primary health facilities and a health insurance sub...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-019-1006-2
更新日期:2019-06-24 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We simulate and analyze Total Health Expenditure (THE) in financial sources and other economic indicators (such as THE per capita, GDP, etc.) in a province of China from 2002 to 2012 on System Dynamics. METHODS:Based on actual data and certain mathematical methods, we use system dynamic software to constr...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-015-0203-x
更新日期:2015-08-27 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Literature shows socioeconomic disparities are related to various aspects of diabetes care. However, few studies have explored the relationship between socioeconomics and healthcare outcomes, particularly with regard to preventable hospitalization. This cohort study employed hierarchical modelling to evalu...
journal_title:International journal for equity in health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12939-015-0160-4
更新日期:2015-03-21 00:00:00