Interventions for preventing silent cerebral infarcts in people with sickle cell disease.

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is becoming commonplace for patients to be discharged earlier from acute hospital settings to their own homes and be required to manage various aspects of their own care. This has increased the need for detailed information to be given to patients and/or significant others to enable them to effectively ma...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Johnson A,Sandford J,Tyndall J

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Children with developmental speech sound disorders have difficulties in producing the speech sounds of their native language. These speech difficulties could be due to structural, sensory or neurophysiological causes (e.g. hearing impairment), but more often the cause of the problem is unknown. One treatment...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lee AS,Gibbon FE

更新日期：2015-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This review is an update of the first Cochrane publication on selenium for preventing cancer (Dennert 2011).Selenium is a metalloid with both nutritional and toxicological properties. Higher selenium exposure and selenium supplements have been suggested to protect against several types of cancers. OBJECTIVE...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Vinceti M,Dennert G,Crespi CM,Zwahlen M,Brinkman M,Zeegers MP,Horneber M,D'Amico R,Del Giovane C

更新日期：2014-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A varicoceles is a meshwork of distended blood vessels in the scrotum, usually left-sided, due to dilatation of the spermatic vein. Although the concept that varicoceles causes, and varicocelectomy cures, male subfertility has been around for almost fifty years, the mechanisms by which varicoceles would affe...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Evers JH,Collins J,Clarke J

更新日期：2009-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic excessive alcohol consumption may lead to dependence, and to alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in case of abrupt drinking cessation. Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) can prevent and suppress withdrawal symptoms, and improve the medium-term abstinence rate. A clear balance between effectiveness and har...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Leone MA,Vigna-Taglianti F,Avanzi G,Brambilla R,Faggiano F

更新日期：2010-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is characterised by distorted body image and deliberately maintained low body weight. The long term prognosis is often poor, with severe medical, developmental and psychosocial complications, high rates of relapse and mortality. Different variants of family therapy have been commonly us...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Fisher CA,Hetrick SE,Rushford N

更新日期：2010-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia is usually considered an illness of young adulthood. However, onset after the age of 40 years is reported in 23% of patients hospitalised with schizophrenia. At least 0.1% of the world's elderly population have a diagnosis of late-onset schizophrenia which seems to differ from earlier onset sch...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Essali A,Ali G

更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In conventional (standard) laparoscopic cholecystectomy, four abdominal ports (two of 10 mm diameter and two of 5 mm diameter) are used. Recently, use of smaller ports have been reported. OBJECTIVES:To assess the benefits and harms of miniport (defined as ports smaller than conventional ports) laparoscopic ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gurusamy KS,Samraj K,Ramamoorthy R,Farouk M,Fusai G,Davidson BR

更新日期：2010-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Riluzole has been approved for treatment of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in most countries. Questions persist about its clinical utility because of high cost and modest efficacy. OBJECTIVES:To examine the efficacy of riluzole in prolonging survival, and in delaying the use of surrogates (trac...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Miller RG,Mitchell JD,Lyon M,Moore DH

更新日期：2007-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The perianal abscess is a common surgical problem. A third of perianal abscesses may manifest a fistula-in-ano which increases the risk of abscess recurrence requiring repeat surgical drainage. Treating the fistula at the same time as incision and drainage of the abscess may reduce the likelihood of recurren...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Malik AI,Nelson RL,Tou S

更新日期：2010-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Concerns regarding the safety of transfused blood, have prompted reconsideration of the use of allogeneic (blood from an unrelated donor) red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, and a range of techniques to minimise transfusion requirements. OBJECTIVES:To examine the evidence for the efficacy of cell salvage in r...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Carless PA,Henry DA,Moxey AJ,O'Connell DL,Fergusson DA

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Asthma is a common condition characterised by airway inflammation and airway narrowing, which can result in intermittent symptoms of wheezing, coughing and chest tightness, possibly limiting activities of daily life. Water-based exercise is believed to offer benefits for people with asthma through pollen-fre...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Grande AJ,Silva V,Andriolo BN,Riera R,Parra SA,Peccin MS

更新日期：2014-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The current paradigm for cardiovascular disease (CVD) emphasises absolute risk assessment to guide treatment decisions in primary prevention. Although the derivation and validation of multivariable risk assessment tools, or CVD risk scores, have attracted considerable attention, their effect on clinical outc...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Karmali KN,Persell SD,Perel P,Lloyd-Jones DM,Berendsen MA,Huffman MD

更新日期：2017-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a directive patient-centred style of counselling, designed to help people to explore and resolve ambivalence about behaviour change. It was developed as a treatment for alcohol abuse, but may help people to a make a successful attempt to quit smoking. OBJECTIVES:To determin...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lindson-Hawley N,Thompson TP,Begh R

更新日期：2015-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) due to opiate withdrawal may result in disruption of the mother-infant relationship, sleep-wake abnormalities, feeding difficulties, weight loss and seizures. Treatments used to ameliorate symptoms and reduce morbidity include opiates, sedatives and non-pharmacological trea...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Osborn DA,Jeffery HE,Cole MJ

更新日期：2005-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Weight gain is often considered a side effect of combination hormonal contraceptives, and many women and clinicians believe that an association exists. Concern about weight gain can limit the use of this highly effective method of contraception by deterring the initiation of its use and causing early discont...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gallo MF,Lopez LM,Grimes DA,Carayon F,Schulz KF,Helmerhorst FM

更新日期：2014-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sedation reduces patient levels of anxiety and stress, facilitates the delivery of care and ensures safety. Alpha-2 agonists have a range of effects including sedation, analgesia and antianxiety. They sedate, but allow staff to interact with patients and do not suppress respiration. They are attractive alter...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Chen K,Lu Z,Xin YC,Cai Y,Chen Y,Pan SM

更新日期：2015-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cholecystectomy is not required in up to 64% of patients who adopt a wait-and-see policy after endoscopic clearance of common bile duct stones. Although reports of retrospective cohort series have shown a higher mortality among patients who defer cholecystectomy, it is not known if this is due to the patient...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： McAlister VC,Davenport E,Renouf E

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic pulmonary infection is one of the hallmarks of lung disease in cystic fibrosis. Infections dominated by organisms of the Burkholderia cepacia complex, a group of at least 17 closely-related species of gram-negative bacteria, are particularly difficult to treat. These infections may be associated with...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Horsley A,Jones AM

更新日期：2012-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:People with asthma who come from minority groups often have poorer asthma outcomes, including more acute asthma-related doctor visits for flare-ups. Various programmes used to educate and empower people with asthma have previously been shown to improve certain asthma outcomes (e.g. adherence outcomes, asthma...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： McCallum GB,Morris PS,Brown N,Chang AB

更新日期：2017-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The common cold is a major and recurrent cause of morbidity, on average affecting children and adults two or more times each year. Nasal congestion is its commonest symptom and many therapies are marketed for its relief. There is no meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials on the effects of nasal deconges...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Taverner D,Latte J

更新日期：2007-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is one of the most common occurring retinal vascular abnormalities. The pathogenesis of BRVO is thought to involve both retinal vein compression and damage to the vessel wall, possibly leading to thrombus formation at sites where retinal arterioles cross retinal veins. Th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Mitry D,Bunce C,Charteris D

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Decision aids are interventions designed to help people make specific and deliberative choices among options (including status quo) by providing (at a minimum) information on the options and outcomes relevant to a person's health status. A systematic review is needed to summarize what is known about their ef...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： O'Connor AM,Stacey D,Rovner D,Holmes-Rovner M,Tetroe J,Llewellyn-Thomas H,Entwistle V,Rostom A,Fiset V,Barry M,Jones J

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine, have traditionally been used for reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. However, these drugs have significant limitations, such as indirect mechanisms of reversal, limited and unpredictable efficacy, and undesirable autonomic response...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hristovska AM,Duch P,Allingstrup M,Afshari A

更新日期：2017-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of providing pregnant women with high-protein nutritional supplements on gestational weight gain and on the outcome of pregnancy, including fetal growth, gestational duration, and maternal and fetal/infant morbidity and mortality. SEARCH STRATEGY:The register of clinical trials maintai...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kramer MS

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Foot ulceration is thought to affect 15% of all people with diabetes at some time during their life. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effectiveness of pressure relieving interventions in the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. SEARCH STRATEGY:Searches of 19 databases, hand searching of journals, bibl...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Spencer S

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Progesterone prepares the endometrium for pregnancy by stimulating proliferation in response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which is produced by the corpus luteum. This occurs in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. In assisted reproduction techniques (ART) the progesterone or hCG levels, or both...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： van der Linden M,Buckingham K,Farquhar C,Kremer JA,Metwally M

更新日期：2011-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: 1 PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:To evaluate clinically meaningful benefits of interventions used to treat clinically significant obsessive compulsive symptoms occurring in people with schizophrenia with regard to global improvement, chang...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Raj M,Farooq S

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bacterial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neutropenic patients following chemotherapy for malignancy. Trials have shown the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in decreasing the incidence of bacterial infections, but not in reducing mortality rates. OBJECTIVES:This review aimed to ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gafter-Gvili A,Fraser A,Paul M,van de Wetering M,Kremer L,Leibovici L

更新日期：2005-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bronchodilators are a central component for treating exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) all over the world. Clinicians often use nebulisers as a mode of delivery, especially in the acute setting, and many patients seem to benefit from them. However, evidence supporting this choice ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： van Geffen WH,Douma WR,Slebos DJ,Kerstjens HA

更新日期：2016-08-29 00:00:00