Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Beta-lactam and quinolone antimicrobials are commonly used for treatment of infections caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) and other pathogens. Resistance to these classes of antimicrobials has increased significantly in the recent years. However, little is known on the genetic basis of resistance to these drugs in Salmonella isolates from Ethiopia. METHODS:Salmonella isolates with reduced susceptibility to beta-lactams (n = 43) were tested for genes encoding for beta-lactamase enzymes, and those resistant to quinolones (n = 29) for mutations in the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) as well as plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes using PCR and sequencing. RESULTS:Beta-lactamase genes (bla) were detected in 34 (79.1%) of the isolates. The dominant bla gene was blaTEM, recovered from 33 (76.7%) of the isolates, majority being TEM-1 (24, 72.7%) followed by TEM-57, (10, 30.3%). The blaOXA-10 and blaCTX-M-15 were detected only in a single S. Concord human isolate. Double substitutions in gyrA (Ser83-Phe + Asp87-Gly) as well as parC (Thr57-Ser + Ser80-Ile) subunits of the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) were detected in all S. Kentucky isolates with high level resistance to both nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. Single amino acid substitutions, Ser83-Phe (n = 4) and Ser83-Tyr (n = 1) were also detected in the gyrA gene. An isolate of S. Miami susceptible to nalidixic acid but intermediately resistant to ciprofloxacin had Thr57-Ser and an additional novel mutation (Tyr83-Phe) in the parC gene. Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes investigated were not detected in any of the isolates. In some isolates with decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and/or nalidixic acid, no mutations in QRDR or PMQR genes were detected. Over half of the quinolone resistant isolates in the current study 17 (58.6%) were also resistant to at least one of the beta-lactam antimicrobials. CONCLUSION:Acquisition of blaTEM was the principal beta-lactamase resistance mechanism and mutations within QRDR of gyrA and parC were the primary mechanism for resistance to quinolones. Further study on extended spectrum beta-lactamase and quinolone resistance mechanisms in other gram negative pathogens is recommended.
journal_name
Antimicrob Resist Infect Controljournal_title
Antimicrobial resistance and infection controlauthors
Eguale T,Birungi J,Asrat D,Njahira MN,Njuguna J,Gebreyes WA,Gunn JS,Djikeng A,Engidawork Edoi
10.1186/s13756-017-0171-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-17 00:00:00pages
13issn
2047-2994pii
171journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical site infections (SSI) are one of the most common healthcare associated infections in the low-middle income countries. Data on incidence and risk factors for SSI following surgeries in general and Obstetric and Gynecological surgeries in particular are scare. This study set out to identify risk facto...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-017-0223-y
更新日期:2017-06-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) especially outbreaks of multi-drug-resistant organisms within hospitals are recognized as a major contributor to morbidity and mortality of hospitalized patients. The healthcare environment can act as an amplifier of HAI during outbreaks. The risk of acquiring HAI are 2...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s13756-020-00747-0
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13756-018-0315-3.]. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1186/s13756-018-0358-5
更新日期:2018-06-25 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Although surgical site infection after craniotomy (SSI-CRAN) is a serious complication, risk factors for its development have not been well defined. We aim to identify the risk factors for developing SSI-CRAN in a large prospective cohort of adult patients undergoing craniotomy. Methods:A series of consecut...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-019-0525-3
更新日期:2019-05-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social media may provide a tool, when coupled with a patient-included™ conference, to enhance the engagement among the general public. We describe authors and potential readers of Twitter content surrounding a patient-included™ scientific congress, the International Consortium for Prevention and Infection Co...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-021-00891-1
更新日期:2021-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) represents a major indication of antibiotic consumption worldwide. The present study aims to report the results of an enabling, long-term AMS intervention conducted between 2013 and 2019 on an Italian University Hospital performing more than 40.000 surgical interventions...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-020-00814-6
更新日期:2020-10-26 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The rising incidence of resistance to currently available antibiotics among pathogens, particularly Gram-negative pathogens, in complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) has become a challenge for clinicians. Ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is a fixed-dose antibiotic approved in Europe and the United St...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-019-0652-x
更新日期:2019-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Regular and well-organized inspection of infection control is an essential element of an infection control program. The aim of this study was to identify the functional scope of weekly infection control team rounding (ICTR) in an acute care hospital. We conducted weekly ICTR between January 18 and December 26, 2018 to...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-020-00787-6
更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Enteric bacterial pathogens are the major causes of food-borne gastroenteritis in humans and remain important public health problems worldwide. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a global concern, particularly in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of enteric...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-019-0566-7
更新日期:2019-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::Despite improvements in hospital infection prevention and control, healthcare associated infections (HAIs) remain a challenge with significant patient morbidity, mortality, and cost for the healthcare system. In this review, we use a One Health framework (human, animal, and environmental health) to explain the epidemi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s13756-020-00737-2
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The burden of health-care associated infections in low-income countries is high. Adequate hand hygiene is considered the most effective measure to reduce the transmission of nosocomial pathogens. We aimed to assess compliance with hand hygiene and perception and knowledge about hand hygiene before and after ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-016-0165-9
更新日期:2017-01-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Candidemia is a common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to describe the epidemiology, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility patterns and outcomes of candidemia in a large regional tertiary referral hospital. METHODS:A r...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-017-0184-1
更新日期:2017-03-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The potentials of audit and feedback (AF) to improve healthcare are currently not exploited. To unlock the potentials of AF, this study focused on the process of making sense of audit data and translating data into actionable feedback by studying a specific AF-case: limiting antimicrobial resistance (AMR). T...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-020-00794-7
更新日期:2020-08-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We report on an outbreak in a surgical, interdisciplinary intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital. We detected a cluster of ICU patients colonized or infected with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We established an outbreak investigation team, performed an exploratory epidemiological...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-016-0157-9
更新日期:2016-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::The WHO SAVE LIVES: Clean Your Hands global hand hygiene campaign, launched in 2009 and celebrated annually on the 5th of May, features specific calls to action seeking to increase engagement from stakeholders' collaborations in hand hygiene improvement. WHO calls on everyone to be inspired by the global movement towa...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-019-0511-9
更新日期:2019-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::A review of epidemiological studies on the incidence of MRSA infections overtime was performed along with an analysis of data available for download from Hospital Compare (https://data.medicare.gov/data/hospital-compare). We found the estimations of the incidence of MRSA infections varied widely depending upon the typ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-017-0193-0
更新日期:2017-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nasal and extra nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a pre-existing condition that often leads to invasive MRSA infection, as MRSA colonization is associated with a high risk of acquiring MRSA infection during hospital stays. Decolonization may reduce the risk of meticillin-resistant S...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-015-0096-x
更新日期:2015-12-18 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Antibiotics are useful but increasing resistance is a major problem. Our objectives were to assess antibiotic use and microbiology testing in hospitalized children in the Gambia. Methods:We conducted a retrospective analysis of paediatric inpatient data at The Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital in Banju...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-018-0380-7
更新日期:2018-07-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) remains a health problem for many countries in the world. The share of MDRTB is 10-30% among newly diagnosed cases and 20-70% among relapses and treatment failure. The aim of the study is to define the side effects of second line drugs used in the treatment of MDRTB o...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-017-0238-4
更新日期:2017-08-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was officially declared a pandemic in March 2020. Many cases of COVID-19 are nosocomial, but to the best of our knowledge, no nosocomial outbreaks on psychiatric departments of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been reported in Europe. The differe...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-020-00853-z
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We characterised 227 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retail food and food handlers' gloves samples obtained through food surveillance and risk assessment studies between 2011 and 2014. Of 227 isolates, five (2.2%) were methicillin-resistant and belonged to sequence types ST80 (n = 3) and ST6 (n = 2). All five isol...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-017-0255-3
更新日期:2017-09-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) are a global phenomenon, there are significant regional differences in terms of prevalence. Traveling to countries with a high MDRO prevalence increases the risk of acquiring such an organism. In this study we determined risk factors for MDRO colonization among pat...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-015-0071-6
更新日期:2015-07-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studying temporal changes in resistant pathogens causing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is crucial in improving local antimicrobial and infection control practices. The objective was to describe ten-year trends of resistance in pathogens causing HAIs in a tertiary care setting in Saudi Arabia and to...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-020-0678-0
更新日期:2020-01-30 00:00:00
abstract:Background:A substantial portion of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) cases occur in communities, and community-onset CDI (CO-CDI) can lead to serious complications including mortality. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for a poor outcome in CO-CDI. Methods:We performed a retrospective review of all in...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-018-0365-6
更新日期:2018-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:Background:This is the first review of literature and synthesis of data on community onset methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CO-MRSA) infections in Australia. Incidence of CO-MRSA varies considerably in Australia, depending on geographic and demographic factors. Methods:Data for the rates of MRSA infections...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-019-0485-7
更新日期:2019-02-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and related presence of mutations in quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) genes and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) among Shigella flexneri isolates obtained from Jiangsu Province, China. METHODS:A total of 400 Shigell...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-017-0249-1
更新日期:2017-09-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Linezolid has been increasingly used in tertiary NICUs. The objectives of this study were to explore the indications of these linezolid prescriptions, to analyze a possible misuse and to provide solutions to avoid such misuse. METHODS:A monocentric retrospective cohort study included all neonates hospitaliz...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-020-00818-2
更新日期:2020-09-23 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Diagnosis of C. difficile infection (CDI) is controversial because of the many laboratory methods available and their lack of ability to distinguish between carriage, mild or severe disease. Here we describe whether a low C. difficile toxin B nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) cycle threshold (CT) can pr...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-017-0283-z
更新日期:2017-12-19 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Proper sterile processing is fundamental to safe surgical practice and optimal patient outcomes. Sterile processing practices in low and middle-income countries often fall short of recommended standards. The impact of education and training on sterile processing practices in low and middle-income countries i...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13756-018-0312-6
更新日期:2018-02-13 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission by aerosols, to provide evidence on the rational use of masks, and to discuss additional measures important for the protection of healthcare workers from COVID-19. METHODS:Literature review and expert opinion. SHORT CONCLUSION:SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen causin...
journal_title:Antimicrobial resistance and infection control
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s13756-020-00763-0
更新日期:2020-07-06 00:00:00