Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Setting priorities is important in health research given the limited resources available for research. Various guidelines exist to assist in the priority setting process; however, priority setting still faces significant challenges such as the clear ranking of identified priorities. The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed a Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY)-based model to rank priorities by research area (basic, health systems and biomedical) by dividing the DALYs into 'unavertable with existing interventions', 'avertable with improved efficiency' and 'avertable with existing but non-cost-effective interventions', respectively. However, the model has conceptual flaws and no clear methodology for its construction. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to amend the model to address these flaws, and develop a clear methodology by using tuberculosis in South Africa as a worked example. METHODS:An amended model was constructed to represent total DALYs as the product of DALYs per person and absolute burden of disease. These figures were calculated for all countries from WHO datasets. The lowest figures achieved by any country were assumed to represent 'unavertable with existing interventions' if extrapolated to South Africa. The ratio of 'cost per patient treated' (adjusted for purchasing power and outcome weighted) between South Africa and the best country was used to calculate the 'avertable with improved efficiency section'. Finally, 'avertable with existing but non-cost-effective interventions' was calculated using Disease Control Priorities Project efficacy data, and the ratio between the best intervention and South Africa's current intervention, irrespective of cost. RESULTS:The amended model shows that South Africa has a tuberculosis burden of 1,009,837.3 DALYs; 0.009% of DALYs are unavertable with existing interventions and 96.3% of DALYs could be averted with improvements in efficiency. Of the remaining DALYs, a further 56.9% could be averted with existing but non-cost-effective interventions. CONCLUSIONS:The amended model was successfully constructed using limited data sources. The generalizability of the data used is the main limitation of the model. More complex formulas are required to deal with such potential confounding variables; however, the results act as starting point for development of a more robust model.
journal_name
Health Res Policy Systjournal_title
Health research policy and systemsauthors
Hacking D,Cleary Sdoi
10.1186/s12961-016-0081-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-02-09 00:00:00pages
10issn
1478-4505pii
10.1186/s12961-016-0081-8journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization (WHO), like many other organisations around the world, has recognised the need to use more rigorous processes to ensure that health care recommendations are informed by the best available research evidence. This is the last of a series of 16 reviews that have been prepared as ba...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-4-28
更新日期:2006-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is increased international focus on improving the rigour of clinical practice guideline (CPG) development practices. However, few empirical studies on CPG development have been conducted in low- and middle-income countries. This paper explores national stakeholders' perceptions of processes informing C...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-018-0348-3
更新日期:2018-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Policy implementation in the context of health systems is generally difficult and the Kenyan health sector situation is not an exception. In 2005, a new health sector strategic plan that outlines the vision and the policy direction of the health sector was launched and during the same year the health sector ...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-5-3
更新日期:2007-03-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:'Evidence-based policy making' for immigrants is a complicated undertaking. In striving toward this goal, federal Canadian partners created the Metropolis Project in 1995 to optimize a two-way transfer of knowledge (researchers - policy makers) within five Canadian Centres of Excellence focused on migrants n...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-7-15
更新日期:2009-06-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evidence-based public health interventions, which research has demonstrated offer the most promise for improving the population's health, are not always utilized in practice settings. The extent to which dissemination from researchers to public health practice settings occurs is not widely understood. This s...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-016-0113-4
更新日期:2016-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Today we have an incomplete picture of how much the world is spending on health and disease-related research and development (R&D). As such it is difficult to align, or even begin to coordinate, health R&D investments with international public health priorities. Current efforts to track and map global health research ...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-10-28
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Knowledge syntheses that use a realist methodology are gaining popularity. Yet, there are few reports in the literature that describe how results are summarised, shared and used. This paper aims to inform knowledge translation (KT) for realist reviews by describing the process of developing a KT strategy for...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-018-0374-1
更新日期:2018-10-22 00:00:00
abstract:: There were 59,500 Children in out-of-home care in England in 2008. Research into this population points to poor health and quality of life outcomes over the transition to adult independence. This undesirable outcome applies to mental health, education and employment. This lack of wellbeing for the individual is a bur...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-8-10
更新日期:2010-05-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) indicators of Pakistan depict the deplorable state of the poor and rural women and children. Many MNCH programmes stress the need to engage the poor in community spaces. However, caste and class based hierarchies and gendered social norms exclude the lower caste...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-015-0043-6
更新日期:2015-11-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Purpose of the study was to test a theoretical model to assess and develop policies for the promotion of physical activity among older people as part of an international intervention study. METHODS:248 semi-standardized interviews with policy-makers were conducted in 15 European nations. The questionnaire a...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-10-14
更新日期:2012-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::In developing countries building national health research systems is a movement similar to a political leadership contest. Increasingly, political campaigns to select leaders depend less on ideologies and political messages and more on promising change that will promptly improve the quality of life of the voters. In t...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-7-13
更新日期:2009-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization (WHO), like many other organisations around the world, has recognised the need to use more rigorous processes to ensure that health care recommendations are informed by the best available research evidence. This is the ninth of a series of 16 reviews that have been prepared as b...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-4-21
更新日期:2006-12-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:How to assess the impact of research is of growing interest to funders, policy makers and researchers mainly to understand the value of investments and to increase accountability. Broadly speaking the term "research impact" refers to the contribution of research activities to achieve desired societal outcome...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-9-26
更新日期:2011-06-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Health Product Profile Directory (HPPD) is an online database describing 8-10 key characteristics (such as target population, measures of efficacy and dosage) of product profiles for medicines, vaccines, diagnostics and other products that are intended to be accessed by populations in low- and middle-inc...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-019-0507-1
更新日期:2019-12-12 00:00:00
abstract::Nationally representative observational and translational research is needed to address the public health challenges in Indonesia due to the geographic disparity, recently decentralized health system, and diverse infectious disease priorities. To accomplish this, the Indonesian Ministry of Health in collaboration with...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-015-0024-9
更新日期:2015-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of death in children under age five. Healthcare policy and other decision-making relevant to PTB may rely on obsolete, incomplete or inapplicable research evidence, leading to worsened outcomes. Appropriate knowledge transfer and exchange (KTE) strategies are an impor...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-017-0238-0
更新日期:2017-09-06 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Numerous sub-Saharan African countries have experimented with performance-based financing (PBF) with the goal of improving health system performance. To date, few articles have examined the implementation of this type of complex intervention in Francophone West Africa. This qualitative research aims to und...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-020-00566-0
更新日期:2020-06-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health system governance is widely recognised as critical to well-performing health systems in low- and middle-income countries. However, in 2008, the Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research identified governance as a neglected health systems research issue. Given the demands of such research, the Al...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1186/s12961-020-00552-6
更新日期:2020-05-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intervention research provides important information regarding feasible and effective interventions for health policy makers, but few empirical studies have explored the mechanisms by which these studies influence policy and practice. This study provides an exploratory case series analysis of the policy, pra...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-11-5
更新日期:2013-02-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health policymaking is a complex process and analysing the role of evidence is still an evolving area in many low- and middle-income countries. Where evidence is used, it is greatly affected by cognitive and institutional features of the policy process. This paper examines the role of different types of evid...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-015-0049-0
更新日期:2015-10-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A strategy for minimising the time and obstacles to accessing systematic reviews of health system evidence is to collect them in a freely available database and make them easy to find through a simple 'Google-style' search interface. PDQ-Evidence was developed in this way. The objective of this study was to ...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12961-018-0299-8
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Situations such as public health emergencies and outbreaks necessitate the development and publication of high-quality recommendations within a condensed timeframe. For example, WHO has produced examples of and guidance for the development of rapid guidelines (RGs). However, more information is needed to und...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-018-0329-6
更新日期:2018-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During the Suharto era public funding of health in Indonesia was low and the health services were tightly controlled by the central government; district health staff had practically no discretion over expenditure. Following the downfall of President Suharto there was a radical political, administrative and f...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-7-5
更新日期:2009-04-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In light of the gap in evidence to inform future resource allocation decisions about healthcare provider (HCP) training in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the considerable donor investments being made towards training interventions, evaluation studies that are optimally designed to inform local...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-018-0292-2
更新日期:2018-02-23 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The importance of accessible mental health treatment is a global concern, particularly when one in five people will experience a mental health problem in their lifespan. This is no less important in Ghana; however, no studies have yet attempted to appraise and synthesise the potential enablers and barriers...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12961-018-0382-1
更新日期:2018-11-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Local and national governments have implemented sector-specific policies to support economic development through innovation, entrepreneurship and knowledge exchange. Supported by the Welsh Government through the European Regional Development Fund, The Life Science Exchange® project was created with the aim t...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-016-0105-4
更新日期:2016-04-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:When properly trained through training programs on epidemiology, clinical research and healthcare policy, members of patients'/consumers' organizations could be helpful for a patient-oriented healthcare system. Since 2006 the not for profit project PartecipaSalute has organized periodic editions of a trainin...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-10-27
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Even the highest quality evidence will have little impact unless it is incorporated into decision-making for health. It is therefore critical to overcome the many barriers to using evidence in decision-making, including (1) missing the window of opportunity, (2) knowledge gaps and uncertainty, (3) controversy, irrelev...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12961-016-0086-3
更新日期:2016-03-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Communities of practice (CoPs) have been used in the health sector to support professional practice change. However, little is known about how CoPs might be used to influence a system that requires change at and across various levels (i.e. front line care, organizational, governmental). In this paper we exam...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12961-015-0023-x
更新日期:2015-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::There exists a disconnection between evolving policies in the policy arenas of mental health, housing, and income support in Canada. One of the complexities associated with analysing the intersection of these policies is that federal, provincial, and municipal level policies are involved. Canada is one of the few deve...
journal_title:Health research policy and systems
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1478-4505-5-14
更新日期:2007-12-12 00:00:00