Abstract:
:Human observers made local orientation judgments of smoothly shaded surfaces illuminated from different directions by large area lights, both with and without visible smooth occlusion contours. Test-retest correlations between the first and second halves of the experiment revealed that observers' judgments were highly reliable, with a residual error of only 2%. Over 88% of the variance between observers' judgments and the simulated objects could be accounted for by an affine correlation, but there was also a systematic nonaffine component that accounted for approximately 10% of the perceptual error. The presence or absence of visible smooth occlusion contours had a negligible effect on performance, but there was a small effect of the illumination direction, such that the response surfaces were sheared slightly toward the light source. These shearing effects were much smaller, however, than the effects produced by changes in illumination on the overall pattern of luminance or luminance gradients. Implications of these results for current models of estimating 3-D shape from shading are considered.
journal_name
J Visjournal_title
Journal of visionauthors
Egan EJ,Todd JTdoi
10.1167/15.2.24subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-24 00:00:00issue
2issn
1534-7362pii
15.2.24journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A new type of visual display for presentation of a visual stimulus with high quality was assessed. The characteristics of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display (Sony PVM-2541, 24.5 in.; Sony Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) were measured in detail from the viewpoint of its applicability to visual psychophysics. We ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/13.7.6
更新日期:2013-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::Human object recognition is remarkably efficient. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in our understanding of how the brain represents visual objects and organizes them into categories. Recent studies using pattern analyses methods have characterized a representational space of objects in human an...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/13.10.1
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A horizontally moving grating viewed within a diamond-shaped aperture can be made to appear to move obliquely by introducing appropriate depth-ordering cues (R. O. Duncan, T. D. Albright, & G. R. Stoner, 2000). It is commonly assumed that the depth cues in such displays determine which line terminators are seen as int...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/8.2.4
更新日期:2008-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::Signal detection theory (SDT) asserts that sensory analysis is limited only by noise, and not by the number of stimuli analysed. To test this claim, we measured the accuracy of visual search for a single tilted element (the target) among 7 horizontal elements (distractors) using several different exposure durations, e...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/1.1.2
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pursuit can be guided by perceived rather than physical motion, but the temporal relationship between motion perception and pursuit is unknown. We used an apparent motion stimulus consisting of a horizontal row of evenly spaced Kanizsa illusory squares (1.44 deg2): the illusory contours appeared at the midpoints of th...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/3.11.1
更新日期:2003-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Apparent duration can be manipulated in a local region of visual field by long-term adaptation to motion or flicker (Johnston, Arnold, & Nishida, 2006). These effects show narrow spatial tuning (Ayhan, Bruno, Nishida, & Johnston, 2009), as well as retinotopic position dependency (Bruno, Ayhan, & Johnston, 2010), suppo...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/19.5.19
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual motion information passes through several distinct stages including local motion processing in an earlier stage, followed by global motion processing at a later stage. However, the stage at which the perceptual limit of detection arises remains unknown. In order to examine which stage is critical for motion det...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/10.2.9
更新日期:2010-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Does human vision show the contrast invariance expected of an ideal stereoscopic system for computing depth from disparity? We used random-dot stereograms to investigate the luminance contrast effect on perceived depth from disparity. The perceived depth of disparity corrugations was measured by adjusting the length o...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/16.11.20
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has begun to explore not just the spatial distribution of eye fixations but also the temporal dynamics of how we look at the world. In this investigation, we assess how scene characteristics contribute to these fixation dynamics. In a free-viewing task, participants viewed three scene types: fractal, l...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/14.9.8
更新日期:2014-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::An increasing number of researchers record binocular eye-tracking signals from participants viewing moving stimuli, but the majority of event-detection algorithms are monocular and do not consider smooth pursuit movements. The purposes of the present study are to develop an algorithm that discriminates between fixatio...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/16.15.20
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kittens reared with mixed daily visual input that consists of episodes of normal (binocular) exposure followed by abnormal (monocular) exposure can develop normal visual acuity in both eyes if the length of the former exposure exceeds a critical amount. However, later studies of the tuning of cells in primary visual c...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/9.5.22
更新日期:2009-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::Visual short-term memory (VSTM) has been described as being limited by the number of discrete visual objects, the aggregate quantity of information across multiple visual objects, or some combination of the two. Many recent studies examining these capacity limitations have shown that increasing the number of items in ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/19.1.2
更新日期:2019-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Rapidly decoding the emotional content of a face is an important skill for successful social behavior. Several Event Related brain Potential (ERP) have indicated that emotional expressions already influence brain activity as early as 100 ms. Some studies hypothesized that this early brain response to fear depends on c...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/9.5.12
更新日期:2009-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Visually inferring the stiffness of objects is important for many tasks but is challenging because, unlike optical properties (e.g., gloss), mechanical properties do not directly affect image values. Stiffness must be inferred either (a) by recognizing materials and recalling their properties (associative approach) or...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/17.3.18
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fast adaptation biases the perceived motion direction of a subsequently presented ambiguous test pattern (R. Kanai & F. A. Verstraten, 2005). Depending on both the duration of the adapting stimulus (ranging from tens to hundreds of milliseconds) and the duration of the adaptation-test blank interval, the perceived dir...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/9.11.27
更新日期:2009-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::When people inspect a picture, they progress through two distinct phases of visual processing: an ambient, or exploratory, phase that emphasizes input from peripheral vision and rapid acquisition of low-frequency information, followed by a focal phase that emphasizes central vision, salient objects, and high-frequency...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/16.2.5
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In human (D. H. Baker, T. S. Meese, & R. J. Summers, 2007b) and in cat (B. Li, M. R. Peterson, J. K. Thompson, T. Duong, & R. D. Freeman, 2005; F. Sengpiel & V. Vorobyov, 2005) there are at least two routes to cross-orientation suppression (XOS): a broadband, non-adaptable, monocular (within-eye) pathway and a more na...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/9.5.2
更新日期:2009-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Humans frequently estimate the size of objects to grasp them. In fact, when performing an action, our perception is focused towards the visual properties of the object that enable us to successfully execute the action. However, the motor system is also able to influence perception, but only a few studies have reported...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/17.12.10
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animals exploit antagonistic interactions for sensory processing and these can cause oscillations between competing states. Ambiguous sensory inputs yield such perceptual multistability. Despite numerous empirical studies using binocular rivalry or plaid pattern motion, the driving mechanisms behind the spontaneous tr...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/16.15.6
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to track multiple moving objects with attention has been the focus of much research. However, the literature is relatively inconclusive regarding two key aspects of this ability, (1) whether the distribution of attention among the tracked targets is fixed during a period of tracking or is dynamically adjus...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/9.4.1
更新日期:2009-04-03 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/8.15.17
更新日期:2008-11-24 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/17.4.3
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial attention shifts receptive fields in monkey extrastriate visual cortex toward the focus of attention (S. Ben Hamed, J. R. Duhamel, F. Bremmer, & W. Graf, 2002; C. E. Connor, J. L. Gallant, D. C. Preddie, & D. C. Van Essen, 1996; C. E. Connor, D. C. Preddie, J. L. Gallant, & D. C. Van Essen, 1997; T. Womelsdorf...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/7.11.5
更新日期:2007-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::When searching for two targets consecutively in the same display, participants use memory of recently fixated distractors that become the target in the second search to find that target more quickly. Here we ask whether participants are also using memory for fixated distractors that do not become the target. In Experi...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/15.5.12
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the effects of age on the perception of translational, radial, and rotational global motion patterns. Motion coherence thresholds were measured for judging the direction of each motion type as a function of contrast (visibility) and temporal sampling rate in young and elderly participants. Coherenc...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/10.10.15
更新日期:2010-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::One of the primary goals of motion analysis is to accurately track the movement of objects in the environment. We report on a novel illusion in which two objects moving with identical physical velocities have different perceived velocities, creating an apparent offset in their relative spatial positions. The stimulus ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1167/6.2.4
更新日期:2006-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of target features can guide attention in many conjunction searches in a top-down manner. For example, in search of a red vertical line among blue vertical and red horizontal lines, observers can guide attention toward all red items and all vertical items. In typical conjunction searches, distractors often f...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/jov.20.8.30
更新日期:2020-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::Photographs and line drawings of natural scenes are easily classified even when the image is only briefly visible to the observer. Contour junctions and points of high curvature have been shown to be important for perceptual organization (Attneave, 1954; Biederman, 1987) and have been proposed to be influential in rap...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/18.8.1
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/5.11.8
更新日期:2005-12-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/7.6.7
更新日期:2007-04-13 00:00:00