Abstract:
:When searching for two targets consecutively in the same display, participants use memory of recently fixated distractors that become the target in the second search to find that target more quickly. Here we ask whether participants are also using memory for fixated distractors that do not become the target. In Experiment 1 we show that search is faster overall in the second search regardless of whether or not the second search target was fixated in the first search. We replicate this effect in Experiment 2 for different display sizes and further show that the effect is a result of the prioritization of locations that are more likely to contain the target. This suggests that representations of the fixated distractor items are retained across the two searches and that these representations can be used flexibly to optimize search performance. Furthermore, this suggests that the short-term memory processes that support search across consecutive searches not only facilitate guidance toward the target but also allow distractors to be excluded from the search process.
journal_name
J Visjournal_title
Journal of visionauthors
Höfler M,Gilchrist ID,Körner Cdoi
10.1167/15.5.12subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
12issue
5issn
1534-7362pii
2278789journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We tested identification of target letters surrounded by a varying number (2, 4, 6) of horizontally aligned flanking elements. Strings were presented left or right of a central fixation dot, and targets were always at the center of the string. Flankers could be other letters, digits, symbols, simple shapes, or false f...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/14.6.7
更新日期:2014-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::What controls gaze allocation during dynamic face perception? We monitored participants' eye movements while they watched videos featuring close-ups of pedestrians engaged in interviews. Contrary to previous findings using static displays, we observed no general preference to fixate eyes. Instead, gaze was dynamically...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/12.13.3
更新日期:2012-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::The accurate perception of another person's gaze direction underlies most social interactions and provides important information about his or her future intentions. As a first step to measuring gaze perception, most experiments determine the range of gaze directions that observers judge as being direct: the cone of di...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/13.5.18
更新日期:2013-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::Moving objects are often occluded by neighboring objects. In order for the eye to smoothly pursue a moving object that is transiently occluded, a prediction of its trajectory is necessary. For targets moving on a linear path, predictive eye velocity can be regulated on the basis of target motion before and after the o...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/8.15.6
更新日期:2008-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a low-cost, practical gaze-contingent display in which natural images are presented to the observer with dioptric blur and stereoscopic disparity that are dependent on the three-dimensional structure of natural scenes. Our system simulates a distribution of retinal blur and depth similar to that expe...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/14.8.13
更新日期:2014-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has begun to explore not just the spatial distribution of eye fixations but also the temporal dynamics of how we look at the world. In this investigation, we assess how scene characteristics contribute to these fixation dynamics. In a free-viewing task, participants viewed three scene types: fractal, l...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/14.9.8
更新日期:2014-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::It was previously shown that sensitivity improvements to a task-irrelevant motion direction can be obtained when it is presented in concurrence with observers' performance of an attended task (A. R. Seitz & T. Watanabe, 2003; T. Watanabe, J. E. Náñez, & Y. Sasaki, 2001). To test whether this task-irrelevant perceptual...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/7.13.2
更新日期:2007-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Studying human behavior in the natural context of everyday visual tasks--including locomotor tasks such as driving--can reveal visual strategies or even suggest underlying visual mechanisms. This paper reviews empirical and theoretical work in the past 20 years (1994-2014) on the visual control of steering a vehicle a...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1167/14.12.21
更新日期:2014-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Human observers are able to estimate various ego-motion parameters from optic flow, including rotation, translational heading, time-to-collision (TTC), time-to-passage (TTP), etc. The perception of linear ego-acceleration or deceleration, i.e., changes of translational velocity, is less well understood. While time-to-...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/12.7.10
更新日期:2012-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Two of the factors limiting progress in understanding the mechanisms of visual search are the difficulty of controlling and manipulating the retinal stimulus when the eyes are free to move and the lack of an ideal observer theory for fixation selection during search. Recently, we developed a method to precisely contro...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/6.9.1
更新日期:2006-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::The perception of a bistable stimulus as one or the other interpretation can be biased by prior presentations of that stimulus. Such learning effects have been found to be long lasting even after small amounts of training. The effectiveness of training may be influenced by preexposure to the ambiguous stimulus. Here w...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/10.8.15
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the extent to which different types of luminance noise can be used to target selectively the inferred magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) visual pathways. Letter contrast sensitivity (CS) was measured for three visually normal subjects for letters of different size (0.8°-5.3°) under establis...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/17.8.5
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a numerical analysis of rendered pairs of rooms, in which the spectral power distribution of the illuminant in one room matched the surface reflectance function in the other room, and vice versa. We ask whether distinction between the rooms is possible and on what cues this discrimination is based. Using ac...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/7.13.12
更新日期:2007-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral vision is characterized by reduced spatial resolution and inhibitory spatial interactions that extend over long distances. This work had three goals. (1) We considered whether the extensive crowding in peripheral vision is a consequence of a shift in the spatial scale of analysis. To test this, using a larg...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/2.2.3
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The visual environment changes at multiple timescales. It has been recently demonstrated that visual adaptation is composed of multiple mechanisms operating at differing timescales to accommodate the environmental changes. However, whether multiple adaptation mechanisms correspond to different stages of visual process...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/17.1.1
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the role of spatiotemporal feature attribution in the perception of the visual size of objects. A small or a large leading disk, a test disk of variable size, and a probe disk of a fixed size were sequentially presented at the same position for durations of 16.7 ms with interstimulus intervals of 1...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/8.8.7
更新日期:2008-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::After adapting to a certain motion direction, our perception of a similar direction will be repelled away from the adapting direction, a phenomenon known as the direction aftereffect (DAE). As the motion system consists of local and global processing stages, it remains unclear how the adaptation of the two stages cont...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/18.12.2
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detection of apparent motion in random dot patterns requires correlation across time and space. It has been difficult to study the temporal requirements for the correlation step because motion detection also depends on temporal filtering preceding correlation and on integration at the next levels. To specifically stud...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/7.1.2
更新日期:2007-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::In their day-to-day activities human beings are constantly generating behavior, such as pointing, grasping or verbal reports, on the basis of visible target locations. The question arises how the brain represents target locations. One possibility is that the brain represents them metrically, i.e. in terms of distance ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/10.3.3
更新日期:2010-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Pupil size changes with light. For this reason, researchers studying the effect of attention, contextual processing, and arousal on the pupillary response have matched the mean luminance of their stimuli across conditions to eliminate the contribution of differences in light levels. Here, we argue that the match of me...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/jov.20.8.4
更新日期:2020-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::S.-W. Wu, M. F. Dal Martello, and L. T. Maloney (2009) evaluated subjects' performance in a visuo-motor task where subjects were asked to hit two targets in sequence within a fixed time limit. Hitting targets earned rewards and Wu et al. varied rewards associated with targets. They found that subjects failed to maximi...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/10.6.1
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::First described during the 18th century, the cause of night myopia remains a controversial topic. Whereas several explanations have been suggested in the literature, particularly related with accommodation or chromatic shift in scotopic light conditions, no definitive explanation for its aetiology has been provided. W...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/12.5.4
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1986, Paul Whittle investigated the ability to discriminate between the luminance of two small patches viewed upon a uniform background. In 1992, Paul Whittle asked subjects to manipulate the luminance of a number of patches on a uniform background until their brightness appeared to vary from black to white with ev...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/19.1.16
更新日期:2019-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Three experimental paradigms were used to investigate the perception of orientation relative to internal categorical standards of vertical and horizontal. In Experiment 1, magnitude estimation of orientation (in degrees) relative to vertical and horizontal replicated a previously reported spatial orientation bias also...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/11.8.13
更新日期:2011-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::Although the orientation of line segments and simple shapes is a well-studied area of vision, little is known about geometric factors that influence perceived orientation of complex multipart shapes. The study of these factors is of interest because it allows for an insight into the basic problem of how local geometri...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/6.8.4
更新日期:2006-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial attention permits to allocate more processing resources to a restricted portion of the visual space. The influential premotor theory states that the allocation of spatial attention relies on the same processes as those responsible for programming saccadic eye movements. Accordingly, several studies have alread...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/10.4.21
更新日期:2010-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Facial expression is theorized to be visually represented in a multidimensional expression space, relative to a norm. This norm-based coding is typically argued to be implemented by a two-pool opponent coding system. However, the evidence supporting the opponent coding of expression cannot rule out the presence of a t...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/15.1.1
更新日期:2015-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Attentional selection in visual search paradigms and perceptual selection in bistable perception paradigms show functional similarities. For example, both are sensitive to trial history: They are biased toward previously selected targets or interpretations. We investigated whether priming by target selection in visual...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/15.11.8
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pursuit can be guided by perceived rather than physical motion, but the temporal relationship between motion perception and pursuit is unknown. We used an apparent motion stimulus consisting of a horizontal row of evenly spaced Kanizsa illusory squares (1.44 deg2): the illusory contours appeared at the midpoints of th...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/3.11.1
更新日期:2003-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Human observers can determine whether natural scenes contain an animal or not on the basis of as little as 20 ms viewing; a phenomenon termed ultra-rapid categorization (URC). Recent studies have suggested that URC is unimpaired even when attention resources are concurrently devoted to a second task. This apparent ind...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/8.4.21
更新日期:2008-04-23 00:00:00