Abstract:
:Studying human behavior in the natural context of everyday visual tasks--including locomotor tasks such as driving--can reveal visual strategies or even suggest underlying visual mechanisms. This paper reviews empirical and theoretical work in the past 20 years (1994-2014) on the visual control of steering a vehicle along a winding path-one of the most comprehensively studied forms of visually guided locomotion in humans. The focus is on on-road studies of visual behavior and what they can reveal about the visual strategies in curve driving. Theoretical models and results from simulator studies are discussed where they have direct relevance to the interpretation of on-road data. For the past 20 years, the point of departure in studies of curve driving has been tangent point orientation, and tangent point models (models based on tracking the tangent point) have become established as the default account of how vision is used in curve negotiation. More recent studies have questioned the generality of the tangent point hypothesis, however, arguing that in addition to (or instead of) the tangent point, drivers target visual reference points on their future path. Ecological validity of real-world studies often comes at the cost of methodological challenges that make the data difficult to interpret in terms of underlying mechanisms, and the limitations of existing data and the complementary roles of real-world and laboratory studies are discussed.
journal_name
J Visjournal_title
Journal of visionauthors
Lappi Odoi
10.1167/14.12.21subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-10-21 00:00:00pages
21issue
12issn
1534-7362pii
14.12.21journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::It has been proposed that letters, as opposed to symbols, trigger specialized crowding processes, boosting identification of the first and last letters of words. This hypothesis is based on evidence that single-letter accuracy as a function of within-string position has a W shape (the classic serial position function ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/17.11.2
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apparent duration can be manipulated in a local region of visual field by long-term adaptation to motion or flicker (Johnston, Arnold, & Nishida, 2006). These effects show narrow spatial tuning (Ayhan, Bruno, Nishida, & Johnston, 2009), as well as retinotopic position dependency (Bruno, Ayhan, & Johnston, 2010), suppo...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/19.5.19
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our nervous system typically processes signals from multiple sensory modalities at any given moment and is therefore posed with two important problems: which of the signals are caused by a common event, and how to combine those signals. We investigated human perception in the presence of auditory, visual, and tactile ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/8.3.24
更新日期:2008-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Repetitive eye movements are known to produce motion aftereffect (MAE) when made to track a moving stimulus. Explanations typically centre on the retinal motion created in the peripheral visual field by the eye movement. This retinal motion is thought to induce perceived motion in the central test, either through the ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/3.11.11
更新日期:2003-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::In visual crowding, identification of a peripheral object is impaired by nearby objects. Recent studies have demonstrated that crowding is not limited only to interaction between low-level features or parts, as presumed by most models of crowding, but can also occur between high-level, configural representations of ob...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/17.11.7
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Top-down guidance of visual attention has classically been thought to operate in a feature-specific manner. However, recent studies have shown that top-down visual attention can also be guided by information about target-nontarget feature relations (e.g., larger, redder, brighter). Here we recommend a minimal set of c...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/13.3.12
更新日期:2013-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::Recent experiments have established that monocular areas arising due to occlusion of one object by another contribute to stereoscopic depth perception. It has been suggested that the primary role of monocular occlusions is to define depth discontinuities and object boundaries in depth. Here we use a carefully designed...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/10.6.11
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial attention permits to allocate more processing resources to a restricted portion of the visual space. The influential premotor theory states that the allocation of spatial attention relies on the same processes as those responsible for programming saccadic eye movements. Accordingly, several studies have alread...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/10.4.21
更新日期:2010-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::We studied how learning changes the processing of a low-level Gabor stimulus, using a classification-image method (psychophysical reverse correlation) and a task where observers discriminated between slight differences in the phase (relative alignment) of a target Gabor in visual noise. The method estimates the intern...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/16.10.16
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the role of global optic flow for visual-motor adaptation of walking direction. In an immersive virtual environment, observers walked to a circular target lying on either a homogeneous ground plane (target-motion condition) or a textured ground plane (ground-flow condition). During adaptation trials, w...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/11.3.15
更新日期:2011-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental data on the accuracy and frequency of saccades are incorporated into a model of the visual world and eye movements to determine the spatial distribution of visual objects on the retina. Visual scenes are represented as sequences of discrete small objects whose positions are initially uniformly distributed...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/3.11.21
更新日期:2003-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::The brain can use multiple reference frames to code line orientation, including head-, object-, and gravity-centered references. If these frames change orientation, their representations must be updated to keep register with actual line orientation. We tested this internal updating during head rotation in roll, exploi...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/17.12.4
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In binocular viewing, images presented to the amblyopic eye are suppressed in the cortex to prevent confusion or diplopia. The present study measures depth and extent of interocular suppression across the central circular 24° visual field in observers with strabismus and microstrabismus. Visual stimuli were concentric...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/16.10.20
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of visual masking have provided a wide range of important insights into the processes involved in visual coding. However, very few of these studies have employed natural scenes as masks. Little is known on how the particular features found in natural scenes affect visual detection thresholds and how the result...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/14.8.22
更新日期:2014-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::The brain is a slave to sense; we see and hear things that are not there and engage in ongoing correction of these illusory experiences, commonly termed pareidolia. The current study investigates whether the predisposition to see meaning in noise is lateralized to one hemisphere or the other and how this predispositio...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/jov.20.10.11
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cerebral cortex has both anatomical and functional specialization, but the level of correspondence between the two in the human brain has remained largely elusive. Recent successes in high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of myeloarchitecture patterns in the cortex suggest that it may now be possible to compa...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/5.2.1
更新日期:2005-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::It is debated whether different forms of bistable perception result from common or separate neural mechanisms. Binocular rivalry involves perceptual alternations between competing monocular images, whereas ambiguous figures such as the Necker cube lead to alternations between two possible pictorial interpretations. Pr...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/4.7.2
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding how the human brain discriminates complex visual patterns, such as individual faces, is an important issue in Vision Science. Here we tested sensitivity to individual faces using steady-state visual-evoked potentials (SSVEPs). Twelve participants were presented with 90-s sequences of faces appearing at a...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/11.2.16
更新日期:2011-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the effects of age on the perception of translational, radial, and rotational global motion patterns. Motion coherence thresholds were measured for judging the direction of each motion type as a function of contrast (visibility) and temporal sampling rate in young and elderly participants. Coherenc...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/10.10.15
更新日期:2010-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Adaptation to specific visuomotor mappings becomes faster when switching back and forth between them. What is learned when repeatedly switching between the visuomotor mappings: the absolute mappings or the relative shift between the mappings? To test this, we trained participants in a rapid pointing task using a uniqu...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/13.2.26
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patterned backgrounds can induce large shifts in color appearance, even with patterns of only 10% S-cone contrast (S. K. Shevell & P. Monnier, 2005). The present study tested whether a background pattern could induce color shifts even at a below-threshold contrast. In the first experiment, S-cone contrast threshold fo...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/8.12.7
更新日期:2008-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::In the peripheral visual field, nearby objects can make one another difficult to recognize (crowding) in a manner that critically depends on their separation. We manipulated the apparent separation of objects using the illusory shifts in perceived location that arise from local motion to determine if crowding depends ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/11.9.2
更新日期:2011-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::We report the results of three experiments in which observers judged the albedo of surfaces at different locations in rendered, three-dimensional scenes consisting of two rooms connected by a doorway. All surfaces composing the rooms were achromatic and Lambertian, and a gradient of illumination increased with depth. ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/5.10.8
更新日期:2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::To obtain a coherent percept of the environment, the brain should integrate sensory signals from common sources and segregate those from independent sources. Recent research has demonstrated that humans integrate audiovisual information during spatial localization consistent with Bayesian Causal Inference (CI). Howeve...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/15.5.22
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromatic vision starts at the retinal photoreceptors but photoreceptors are themselves color-blind, responding only to their effective quantal catch and not to the wavelength of the caught photon per se. Mitchell and Rushton (1971) termed this phenomenon the univariance concept, and it is widely used in designing sil...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/19.5.14
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In human (D. H. Baker, T. S. Meese, & R. J. Summers, 2007b) and in cat (B. Li, M. R. Peterson, J. K. Thompson, T. Duong, & R. D. Freeman, 2005; F. Sengpiel & V. Vorobyov, 2005) there are at least two routes to cross-orientation suppression (XOS): a broadband, non-adaptable, monocular (within-eye) pathway and a more na...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/9.5.2
更新日期:2009-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Recent laboratory studies have found large, stable individual differences in the location people first fixate when identifying faces, ranging from the brows to the mouth. Importantly, this variation is strongly associated with differences in fixation-specific identification performance such that individuals' recogniti...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/16.7.12
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new type of visual display for presentation of a visual stimulus with high quality was assessed. The characteristics of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display (Sony PVM-2541, 24.5 in.; Sony Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) were measured in detail from the viewpoint of its applicability to visual psychophysics. We ...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/13.7.6
更新日期:2013-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::Letter discrimination performance is degraded when a letter is presented within an apparent motion (AM) trajectory of a spot. This finding suggests that the internal representation of AM stimuli can perceptually interact with other stimuli. In this study, we demonstrated that AM interference could also occur for patte...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/11.10.2
更新日期:2011-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::The darker-is-deeper heuristic was originally proposed by Langer and Zucker (1994) for approximating 3D shape from shading under conditions of diffuse illumination that typically occur for outdoor scenes on a cloudy day, and it is based on the assumption that vignetting is the primary source of luminance variation und...
journal_title:Journal of vision
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/15.15.2
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00