Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Carrageenan is a linear sulphated polysaccharide extracted from red seaweed of the Rhodophyceae family. It has broad spectrum of applications in biomedical and biopharmaceutical field. In this study, we determined the cytotoxicity of degraded and undegraded carrageenan in human intestine (Caco-2; cancer and FHs 74 Int; normal) and liver (HepG2; cancer and Fa2N-4; normal) cell lines. METHODS:Food grade k-carrageenan (FGKC), dried sheet k-carrageenan (DKC), commercial grade k-carrageenan (CGKC), food grade i-carrageenan (FGIC) and commercial grade i-carrageenan (CGIC) were dissolved in hydrochloric acid and water to prepare degraded and undegraded carrageenan, respectively. Carrageenan at the concentration range of 62.5 - 2000.0 μg mL(-1) was used in the study. MTT assay was used to determine the cell viability while the mode of cell death was determined by May-Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) staining, acridine orange-ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) staining, agarose gel electrophoresis and gene expression analysis. RESULTS:Degraded FGKC, DKC and CGKC showed IC50 in 24, 48 and 72 hours treated Caco-2, FHs 74 Int, HepG2 and Fa2N-4 cell lines as tested by MTT assay. Degraded FGIC and CGIC only showed its toxicity in Fa2N-4 cells. The characteristics of apoptosis were demonstrated in degraded k-carrageenan treated Caco-2, FHs 74 Int, HepG2 and Fa2N-4 cells after MGG staining. When Caco-2 and HepG2 cells were undergone AO/EtBr staining, chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation were clearly seen under the microscope. However, DNA ladder was only found in HepG2 cells after gel electrophoresis analysis. Degraded k-carrageenan also inactivated PCNA, Ki-67 and survivin gene in HepG2. On the other hand, undegraded FGKC, DKC, CGKC, FGIC and CGIC treated cells showed no cytotoxic effect after analyzed by the same analyses as in degraded carrageenan. CONCLUSION:Degraded k-carrageenan inhibited cell proliferation in Caco-2, FHs 74 Int, HepG2 and Fa2N-4 cell lines and the anti-proliferative effect was related to apoptosis together with inactivation of cell proliferating genes as determined by morphological observation and molecular analysis. However, no cytotoxic effect was found in undegraded carrageenan towards normal and cancer intestine and liver cell lines.
journal_name
BMC Complement Altern Medjournal_title
BMC complementary and alternative medicineauthors
Ariffin SH,Yeen WW,Abidin IZ,Abdul Wahab RM,Ariffin ZZ,Senafi Sdoi
10.1186/1472-6882-14-508subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-17 00:00:00pages
508issn
1472-6882pii
1472-6882-14-508journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Increase oxidative trauma is the main cause behind Cisplatin (CP) induced cardiotoxicity which restricts its clinical application as anti-neoplastic prescription. Acacia hydaspica is a natural shrub with diverse bioactivities. Acacia hydaspica ethyl acetate extract (AHE) ameliorated drug-induced cardiotoxici...
journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-07-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Insampaedok-san (ren-shen-bai-du-san in Chinese) is a traditional herbal formula widely used for the treatment of respiratory diseases in Korea and China. In this study, we investigated the acute oral toxicity of an Insampaedok-san water extract (ISSE) in rats and the antiasthmatic effects of ISSE and its me...
journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-365
更新日期:2014-09-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Royal jelly (RJ) has been used traditionally for dietary, cosmetic and health purposes for a long time in different parts of the world. Scientific studies have also shown its numerous health-promoting properties including hypoglycemic and anti-hypercholesterolemic action. In this study, we investigated the a...
journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
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abstract:BACKGROUND:In traditional Chinese medicine, green tea is considered to have a life-prolonging effect, possibly as a result of its rich content of antioxidant tea polyphenols, and hence has the potential to prevent cancer. This study investigated the role of the major tea secondary plant compound epigallocatechin gallat...
journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6882-12-258
更新日期:2012-12-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whole-body electrical myostimulation (WB-EMS) is a relatively recent training methodology that has been extraordinarily used in recent years. However, there is a lack of consensus on the effectiveness of WB-EMS in the situations in which its use has been largely popularized. The objective of this systematic ...
journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1186/s12906-019-2485-9
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Consumption of plant-derived nutraceuticals and crude drugs in traditional medicine is widely believed to confer beneficial effects in thwarting the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Rhus tripartita (family Anacardiaceae) has been traditionally used to treat a wide range of ailments. METHODS:In the pr...
journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2012-11-02 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2008-05-12 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-03-04 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2017-07-03 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-02-18 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-12-09 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:BMC complementary and alternative medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
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