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A descriptive analysis of notifiable gastrointestinal illness in the Northwest Territories, Canada, 1991-2008.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVES:To describe the major characteristics of reported notifiable gastrointestinal illness (NGI) data in the Northwest Territories (NWT) from January 1991 through December 2008. DESIGN:Descriptive analysis of 708 reported cases of NGI extracted from the Northwest Territories Communicable Disease Registry (NWT CDR). SETTING:Primary, secondary and tertiary health care centres across all 33 communities of the NWT. POPULATION:NWT residents of all ages with confirmed NGI reported to the NWT CDR from January 1991 through December 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Laboratory-confirmed NGI, with a particular emphasis on campylobacteriosis, giardiasis and salmonellosis. RESULTS:Campylobacteriosis, giardiasis and salmonellosis were the most commonly identified types of NGI in the territory. Seasonal peaks for all three diseases were observed in late summer to autumn (p<0.01). Higher rates of NGI (all 15 diseases/infections) were found in the 0-9-year age group and in men (p<0.01). Similarly, rates of giardiasis were higher in the 0-9-year age group and in men (p<0.02). A disproportionate burden of salmonellosis was found in people aged 60 years and older and in women (p<0.02). Although not significant, the incidence of campylobacteriosis was greater in the 20-29-years age group and in men (p<0.07). The health authority with the highest incidence of NGI was Yellowknife (p<0.01), while for salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis, it was Tlicho (p<0.01) and for giardiasis, the Sahtu region (p<0.01). Overall, disease rates were higher in urban areas (p<0.01). Contaminated eggs, poultry and untreated water were believed by health practitioners to be important sources of infection in cases of salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis and giardiasis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The general patterns of these findings suggest that environmental and behavioural risk factors played key roles in infection. Further research into potential individual and community-level risk factors is warranted.

journal_name

BMJ Open

journal_title

BMJ open

authors

Pardhan-Ali A,Wilson J,Edge VL,Furgal C,Reid-Smith R,Santos M,McEwen SA

doi

10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000732

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-07-02 00:00:00

issue

issn

2044-6055

pii

bmjopen-2011-000732

journal_volume

pub_type

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A descriptive analysis of notifiable gastrointestinal illness in the Northwest Territories, Canada, 1991-2008.