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Explaining household socio-economic related child health inequalities using multiple methods in three diverse settings in South Africa.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Despite free healthcare to pregnant women and children under the age of six, access to healthcare has failed to secure better child health outcomes amongst all children of the country. There is growing evidence of socioeconomic gradient on child health outcomes METHODS:The objectives of this study were to measure inequalities in child mortality, HIV transmission and vaccination coverage within a cohort of infants in South Africa. We also used the decomposition technique to identify the factors that contribute to the inequalities in these three child health outcomes. We used data from a prospective cohort study of mother-child pairs in three sites in South African. A relative index of household socio-economic status was developed using principal component analysis. This paper uses the concentration index to summarise inequalities in child mortality, HIV transmission and vaccination coverage. RESULTS:We observed disparities in the availability of infrastructure between least poor and most poor families, and inequalities in all measured child health outcomes. Overall, 75 (8.5%) infants died between birth and 36 weeks. Infant mortality and HIV transmission was higher among the poorest families within the sample. Immunisation coverage was higher among the least poor. The inequalities were mainly due to the area of residence and socio-economic position. CONCLUSION:This study provides evidence that socio-economic inequalities are highly prevalent within the relatively poor black population. Poor socio-economic position exposes infants to ill health. In addition, the use of immunisation services was lower in the poor households. These inequalities need to be explicitly addressed in future programme planning to improve child health for all South Africans.

journal_name

Int J Equity Health

journal_title

International journal for equity in health

authors

Nkonki LL,Chopra M,Doherty TM,Jackson D,Robberstad B

doi

10.1186/1475-9276-10-13

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-04-04 00:00:00

pages

issn

1475-9276

pii

1475-9276-10-13

journal_volume

pub_type

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Explaining household socio-economic related child health inequalities using multiple methods in three diverse settings in South Africa.