Abstract:
:Negative symptoms are a key feature of schizophrenia. Novel (atypical) antipsychotic drugs, unlike conventional antipsychotics, cause substantial reductions in Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) scores. Negative symptoms, however, can arise from both the pathology of the disease (primary negative symptoms) and as side effects of antipsychotic drugs (secondary negative symptoms). Before the efficacy of a drug against negative symptoms can be determined, the physician must establish whether the positive results stem from reductions in primary negative symptoms or are merely due to improved extrapyramidal tolerability. Until recently, shortcomings in the design of clinical trials and the lack of distinction between primary and secondary symptoms made it impossible to answer this question. However, advances in clinical trial methodologies now make it possible to assess negative symptoms accurately, and a complex statistical approach, the path analysis, has been developed to differentiate between the direct and indirect effects of antipsychotic drugs on negative symptoms. With this approach, it has been shown that the efficacy of novel antipsychotics, such as sertindole, against negative symptoms is achieved largely through direct effects on primary negative symptoms. The requirements for an accurate assessment and differentiation of negative symptoms are outlined, and the importance of this for improving the treatment of schizophrenia is emphasized.
journal_name
Int Clin Psychopharmacoljournal_title
International clinical psychopharmacologyauthors
Möller HJdoi
10.1097/00004850-199803003-00008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-03-01 00:00:00pages
S43-7eissn
0268-1315issn
1473-5857journal_volume
13 Suppl 3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The interactions between warfarin and antidepressants can have potentially serious consequences resulting from enhanced or reduced anticoagulant activity. Information about such interactions was obtained from a Medline and hand search of the published literature, and by directly contacting manufacturers. The different...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004850-199803000-00006
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighteen patients with rapid cycling bipolar affective disorder were recruited for an open trial of carbamazepine. Of these patients all but 2 had been resistant to lithium prophylaxis. Twelve of the patients were able to complete at least 6 months on carbamazepine. Of these 12 patients, 2 had a complete remission of ...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004850-198804000-00003
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paroxetine has been characterized as a highly potent and selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) reuptake inhibitor. This selectivity has been demonstrated not only for monoamine uptake mechanisms but also for neurotransmitter receptor systems. The pharmacokinetic studies indicate that paroxetine may be administered...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to systematically compare overall loss to follow-up, discontinuation rates because of adverse events and discontinuation rates because of a lack of efficacy in published studies assessing the efficacy and tolerability of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) compared to other second-g...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1097/00004850-200503000-00001
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of adjunctive fluoxetine on negative schizophrenic symptoms was evaluated in 34 chronic schizophrenic in-patients on maintenance therapy with neuroleptics. They received randomly, on a double-blind basis, fluoxetine (20 mg/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. In the fluoxetine group, three patients dropped out bec...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00004850-199400940-00007
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of certain atypical antipsychotics has been associated with metabolic disturbances. We have assessed the evolution of body weight and glycaemia during a 6-month randomized comparative trial of amisulpride and olanzapine. Three hundred and seventy-seven adult patients with schizophrenia were randomized to eithe...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/YIC.0b013e3280148c29
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to compare health outcomes and tolerability according to antipsychotic medication (olanzapine, risperidone or an oral typical antipsychotic) after 6 months of treatment in a group of 919 schizophrenic patients who had never previously been treated with antipsychotics. Demographic and clinical p...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1097/00004850-200507000-00002
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fourteen cases of depression resistant to multiple treatments were treated by lithium augmentation of fluoxetine. Tolerability of the treatment was poor. Lithium and fluoxetine may be a possible treatment for resistant depression but there is caution regarding tolerability and toxicity with the relatively high doses o...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004850-199400910-00005
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on humans show that depressive disorder is associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive dysfunction, and animal studies suggest that antidepressants may have neuroprotective abilities. On the basis of these observations, it was hypothesized that treatment with antidepressants may decrease the risk...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/YIC.0b013e32834ace0f
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of psychotic symptoms with traditional neuroleptics has been complicated by acute extrapyramidal syndromes (EPS) and late occurring tardive dyskinesia. These widely prevalent disorders have both motor and mental components which impose additional impairments on patients who are already substantially limited ...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004850-199702001-00004
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::For more than 30 years, lithium has been the drug of choice for the treatment of bipolar disorder. However, it has numerous adverse effects, a relatively slow onset of action, many common drug-drug interactions, and a narrow therapeutic index. Because of these problems, researchers looked for alternative and/or adjunc...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004850-200015010-00001
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes a case of encephalopathy developed in the course of amitriptyline therapy, during a remission of unipolar depression. This patient could have been diagnosed as having either neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) or serotonin syndrome (SS). The major determinant of the symptoms may have been dopami...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social phobia and avoidant personality disorder were new diagnoses in the third version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) and were considerably changed in the revised third version (DSM-III-R). A high rate of comorbidity between these disorders was observed, which can be explained ...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type:
doi:
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lithium is widely used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Here we describe the syndrome of irreversible lithium-effectuated neurotoxicity in a patient within therapeutic doses and levels, which persisted after discontinuation of Lithium. A 50-year-old gentleman with Bipolar disorder presented with symptoms of Mania...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/YIC.0000000000000341
更新日期:2021-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The side effects of antipsychotic drugs have always been a major concern for clinicians and the appreciation of their importance in the treatment of schizophrenia has increased steadily over the years. Epidemiological studies as well as trials of the prevention and treatment of antipsychotic side effects are the conse...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004850-199501005-00005
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clozapine is the only evidence-based antipsychotic for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, it has considerable side effects, limiting its usability and reducing patients' adherence. One of the most common and distressing side effects is hypersalivation, which can be debilitating, stigmatizing and potentially d...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/YIC.0000000000000251
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The introduction of second generation antipsychotics (SGA) represents a major advance in the treatment of schizophrenia. Concerns about the metabolic and cardiovascular adverse effects of the SGA have been widely disseminated. The benefits and risks of these drugs have been studied with a focus on particular organ sys...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004850-200511000-00006
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tendency of antipsychotics to produce extrapyramidal side-effects varies inversely with their antimuscarinic activity. This paper reviews the antipsychotic and antimuscarinic potency of these drugs and compares the total antimuscarinic activity in standard daily doses of antipsychotics, antiparkinson agents and an...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004850-198701000-00005
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pattern of brain metabolic changes produced by olanzapine has yet to be described, despite the theoretical and clinical interest of this new antipsychotic. We studied a group of 17 schizophrenic patients who underwent two fluoro-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) studies under two different condit...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004850-200501000-00003
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three placebo-controlled double-blind and crossover trials were carried out to analyze the effects of oral yohimbine (YOH) 0.8 mg/kg on mood and performance in 16 healthy students. Subjective assessments (visual analogue scales, side-effects on questionnaire) and objective measurements (digit symbols, flicker fusion, ...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00004850-198807000-00003
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to examine the safety and tolerability of duloxetine hydrochloride, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, in a large cohort of elderly patients with major depressive disorder. Data were pooled from 8-week and 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of dulox...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1097/YIC.0b013e32835b09cd
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sparse data exist regarding the risks and benefits of treating bipolar-II depression with antidepressants alone. On the basis of studies of bipolar-I patients, treatment guidelines suggest antidepressants should be augmented with mood stabilizers. Whether these recommendations apply to bipolar-II is unclear. A post-ho...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/YIC.0b013e3280c28410
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This analysis characterizes patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder treated with risperidone who met remission criteria. In a 50-week, open-label trial, stable patients received long-acting injectable risperidone every 2 weeks. Remission criteria included severity (absent-mild ratings on core symptoms ...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.yic.0000224791.06159.88
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to assess the response of anxiety and depression symptoms to methylphenidate (MPH) treatment in patients with Asperger syndrome (AS) combined with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A group of 12 patients with AS/ADHD, aged 8-18 years, received 12 weeks of MPH treatment. T...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/YIC.0000000000000175
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This case series describes the development of retrograde ejaculation with the antipsychotic iloperidone. Iloperidone is a relatively new antipsychotic and has a strong α-1 receptor antagonism, which may explain this rare adverse effect. ...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/YIC.0b013e32835e9112
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major depressive disorder (MDD) is currently the second most common cause of disability worldwide. Current treatment of MDD with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors is limited by efficacy and tolerability issues, highlighting the unmet need in the treatment of patien...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/YIC.0b013e3282f2b3cb
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a sample of 2096 consecutive primary care patients recruited in the Paris region, social phobia was a highly prevalent disorder (5.1%). The most frequent comorbid condition was depressive episode, which affected 70% of patients with social phobia of early onset (at less than 15 years of age), while the highest asso...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004850-199710006-00004
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of the antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine (TFP) on the in-vitro growth of 50 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was tested. Of these isolates, 29 were susceptible to all five of the antitubercular drugs isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide, and 21 were resistant to o...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004850-199805000-00006
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the relative efficacy and tolerability of aripiprazole once monthly (AOM) versus paliperidone palmitate (PP) for treating schizophrenia. Extensive databases searches on short-term, placebo-controlled, randomized studies of AOM and PP were performed. Indirect treatment comparisons were performed between...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1097/YIC.0000000000000177
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The SSRIs differ from each other with regard to their chemical structure, their pharmacokinetics and their potential for causing pharmacokinetic interactions through inhibition of species of the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a group of more than 30 different heme containing proteins in humans...
journal_title:International clinical psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004850-199809005-00009
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00